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Chin. Phys. B, 2026, Vol. 35(1): 017504    DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/adfebd
CONDENSED MATTER: ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE, ELECTRICAL, MAGNETIC, AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES Prev   Next  

Optimization of the giant magneto-impedance effect in Fe20Ni80/Cu composite wires by Joule heating annealing

Xiaofeng Pu(濮晓凤)1, Chaobo Liu(刘超波)2, Zhoulu Yu(俞周路)1, Guozhi Chai(柴国志)1, Junchen Gao(高骏琛)1, Linchuan Wang(王琳川)1, Yongang Liu(刘永刚)3, and Daqiang Gao(高大强)1,†
1 College of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 734200, China;
2 Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering, Beijing 100094, China;
3 College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Taishan University, Taian 271000, China
Abstract  Giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) sensors are increasingly employed in modern magnetic sensing technologies. However, improving the GMI performance of magnetic cores remains challenging due to intrinsic limitations in material properties and structural stability. In this work, we explore the use of Joule heating to enhance the GMI response of Fe$_{20}$Ni$_{80}$/Cu composite wires. By applying a current of 1.8 A for 10 min, notable improvements in magnetic domain uniformity and a reduction in domain spacing are observed. Under these conditions, GMI ratios reach 1870% in the non-diagonal mode and 1147% in the diagonal mode, respectively, highlighting their potential for applications in high-precision weak magnetic field sensing.
Keywords:  giant magneto-impedance      composite wires      Joule heating annealing      circumferential hysteresis loops  
Received:  03 July 2025      Revised:  22 August 2025      Accepted manuscript online:  25 August 2025
PACS:  75.47.De (Giant magnetoresistance)  
  72.80.Tm (Composite materials)  
  75.60.Nt (Magnetic annealing and temperature-hysteresis effects)  
  75.60.-d (Domain effects, magnetization curves, and hysteresis)  
Fund: This project was supported by the State Key Research and Development Program, Special Gravity Wave (Grant No. 2023YFC2206003), the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Program Funding (Grant No. 24JRRA499), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant No. ZR2024QB219), and the Lanzhou City Science and Technology Program Project (Grant No. 2025-2-47).
Corresponding Authors:  Daqiang Gao     E-mail:  gaodq@lzu.edu.cn

Cite this article: 

Xiaofeng Pu(濮晓凤), Chaobo Liu(刘超波), Zhoulu Yu(俞周路), Guozhi Chai(柴国志), Junchen Gao(高骏琛), Linchuan Wang(王琳川), Yongang Liu(刘永刚), and Daqiang Gao(高大强) Optimization of the giant magneto-impedance effect in Fe20Ni80/Cu composite wires by Joule heating annealing 2026 Chin. Phys. B 35 017504

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