| CONDENSED MATTER: STRUCTURAL, MECHANICAL, AND THERMAL PROPERTIES |
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Dynamically generating superflow in a bosonic ring via phase imprinting |
| Ke-Ji Chen(陈科技)1,† and Fan Wu(吴凡)2,‡ |
1 Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Quantum State Control and Optical Field Manipulation, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China;
2 Fujian Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optics, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China |
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Abstract Phase imprinting enables the dynamic generation of superflow in bosonic atoms, effectively overcoming traditional limitations such as vortex number constraints and heating effects. However, the mechanisms underlying superflow formation remain insufficiently understood. In this work, we reveal these mechanisms by studying the time evolution of the transferred total angular momentum and the quantized current throughout the phase imprinting process, achieved through numerically solving the time-dependent Schr?dinger and Gross-Pitaevskii equations. We demonstrate that the Bose gas dynamically acquires angular momentum through the density depletion induced by the phase imprinting potential, whereas quantized currents emerge from azimuthal phase slips accompanied by complete density depletions. Regarding the impact of system parameters, such as interactions, we find that interactions hinder superflow formation, as the azimuthal density distribution becomes less susceptible to the phase imprinting potential. Our findings offer microscopic insights into the dynamic development of superflow during the phase imprinting process and provide valuable guidance for ongoing experimental efforts.
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Received: 31 March 2025
Revised: 06 May 2025
Accepted manuscript online: 09 May 2025
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PACS:
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67.25.dg
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(Transport, hydrodynamics, and superflow)
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73.23.Ra
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(Persistent currents)
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67.85.-d
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(Ultracold gases, trapped gases)
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03.75.Kk
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(Dynamic properties of condensates; collective and hydrodynamic excitations, superfluid flow)
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| Fund: We acknowledge fruitful discussion with professor Wei Yi. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants Nos. 12104406 and 12204105), the Natural Science Foundation Zhejiang Province, China (Grant No. ZCLMS25A0401), the Startup Grant of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University (Grant No. 21062338-Y), and the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province, China (Grant No. 2022J05116). |
Corresponding Authors:
Ke-Ji Chen, Fan Wu
E-mail: chenkeji2010@gmail.com;t21060@fzu.edu.cn
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Cite this article:
Ke-Ji Chen(陈科技) and Fan Wu(吴凡) Dynamically generating superflow in a bosonic ring via phase imprinting 2025 Chin. Phys. B 34 106701
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