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Chin. Phys. B, 2009, Vol. 18(7): 2839-2845    DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/18/7/036
CLASSICAL AREAS OF PHENOMENOLOGY Prev   Next  

Temporal behaviour of open-circuit photovoltaic solitons

Zhang Mei-Zhi(张美志)a)b)†, Lu Ke-Qing(卢克清)a), Cheng Guang-Hua(程光华)a), Li Ke-Hao(李可昊)a)b), Zhang Yi-Qi(张贻齐)a)b), Zhang Yu-Hong(张玉虹)a)b), and Zhang Yan-Peng(张彦鹏)c)
a State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciencess, Xi'an 710119, China; b Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China; c Department of Electronic Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
Abstract  Based on the time-dependent band-transport model in a photorefractive medium, dark open-circuit photovoltaic (PV) solitons are investigated both theoretically and experimentally. Compared with those of the time-independent models, our theoretical results revealed that quasi-steady-state and steady-state PV solitons can both be obtained. Our results also revealed that when $r < 1$ ($r$ is the normalized intensity at infinity), the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of solitons decreases monotonically to a constant value; when $r > 1$, however, the FWHM of solitons first decreases to a minimum before it increases to a constant value. Moreover, the FWHM of steady solitons decreases with increasing intensity ratio for $r < 1$, and increases with increasing intensity ratio for $r > 1$. We further observed dark PV solitons in experiments, and recorded their evolution. These results indicated that steady solitons can be observed at low optical power, while quasi-steady-state solitons can only be generated at higher optical power. Good agreement is found between theory and experiment.
Keywords:  temporal behaviour      photovoltaic solitons      photorefractive effect  
Received:  23 September 2008      Revised:  08 March 2009      Accepted manuscript online: 
PACS:  42.65.Tg (Optical solitons; nonlinear guided waves)  
  42.65.Hw (Phase conjugation; photorefractive and Kerr effects)  
  72.40.+w (Photoconduction and photovoltaic effects)  
Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 10674176).

Cite this article: 

Zhang Mei-Zhi(张美志), Lu Ke-Qing(卢克清), Cheng Guang-Hua(程光华), Li Ke-Hao(李可昊), Zhang Yi-Qi(张贻齐), Zhang Yu-Hong(张玉虹), and Zhang Yan-Peng(张彦鹏) Temporal behaviour of open-circuit photovoltaic solitons 2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 2839

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