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Up-conversion luminescence research of Er(0.5):ZBLAN material for volumetric display application when excited by 1520 nm laser
Chen Xiao-Bo (陈晓波), Zhang Fu-Chu (张福初), Chen Luan (陈鸾)
Chinese Physics, 2003, 12 (12):
1451-1458.
DOI: 10.1088/1009-1963/12/12/020
The up-conversion luminescence of the ZBLAN fluoride glass Er(0.5):ZBLAN, when excited by a 1520 nm semiconductor laser, is studied in this paper. The absorption and common-fluorescence spectra are also measured in order to understand the up-conversion clearly. It is found that there are seven strong up-conversion luminescence lines (406.97$^m$, 410.42 nm), (521.97$^m$, 527.56 nm), (542.38$^m$, 549.27 nm), (654.27$^m$, 665.70 nm), 801.57$^m$ nm, 819.46 nm, and 840.00 nm, which can be recognized as the fluorescence transitions of ($^2$G$^4$F$^2$H)$_{9/2}$→$^4$I$_{15/2}$,$^2$H$_{11/2}$→ $^4$I$_{15/2}$,$^4$S$_{3/2}$→$^4$I$_{15/2}$,$^4$F$_{9/2}$→$^4$I$_{15/2}$,$^4$I$_{9/2}$→ $^4$I$_{15/2}$, ($^2$G$^4$F$^2$H)$_{9/2}$→$^4$I$_{9/2}$, and $^4$S$_{3/2}$→$^4$I$_{13/2}$ respectively. Meanwhile, the small up-conversion fluorescence lines 379.20 nm, 453.10 nm and 490.60 nm are the transitions of $^4$G$_{11/2}$→$^4$I$_{15/2}$,$^4$F$_{5/2}$→$^4$I$_{15/2}$ and $^4$F$_{7/2}$→ $^4$I$_{15/2}$ respectively. It is interesting that the slopes of log F－logP curves, the double-logarithmic variation of up-conversion luminescence intensity F with laser power P, are different from each other for these observed up-conversion luminescence, this being valuable for the volumetric display. Comprehensive discussions find that the $^4$G$_{11/2}$→$^4$I$_{15/2}$, ($^2$G$^4$F$^2$H)$_{9/2}$→$^4$I$_{15/2}$, ($^2$H$_{11/2}$→$^4$I$_{15/2}$,$^4$S$_{3/2}$→$^4$I$_{15/2}$,$^4$F$_{9/2}$→ $^4$I$_{15/2}$), and $^4$I$_{9/2}$→$^4$I$_{15/2}$ up-conversion luminescences are five-photon, four-photon, three-photon, and two-photon up-conversion luminescences respectively. It is found also that the absorption from ground-state $^4$I$_{15/2}$ level to $^4$I$_{13/2}$ level is very large, which is beneficial to the sequential energy transfer up-conversion to occur.
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