Evolution of helium bubbles in FeCoNiCr-based high-entropy alloys containing $ \gamma '$ nanoprecipitates

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ad342f

Abstract A series of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) containing nanoprecipitates of varying sizes is successfully prepared by a non-consuming vacuum arc melting method. In order to study the irradiation evolution of helium bubbles in the FeCoNiCr-based HEAs with $\gamma'$ precipitates, these samples are irradiated by 100-keV helium ions with a fluence of 5$\times10^{20 }$ ions/m$^{2}$ at 293 K and 673 K, respectively. And the samples irradiated at room temperature are annealed at different temperatures to examine the diffusion behavior of helium bubbles. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) is employed to characterize the structural morphology of precipitated nanoparticles and the evolution of helium bubbles. Experimental results reveal that nanosized, spherical, dispersed, coherent, and ordered L1$_{2}$-type Ni$_{3}$Ti $\gamma'$ precipitations are introduced into FeCoNiCr(Ni$_{3}$Ti)$_{0.1}$ HEAs by means of ageing treatments at temperatures between 1073 K and 1123 K. Under the ageing treatment conditions adopted in this work, $\gamma'$ nanoparticles are precipitated in FeCoNiCr(Ni$_{3}$Ti)$_{0.1}$ HEAs, with average diameters of 15.80 nm, 37.09 nm, and 62.50 nm, respectively. The average sizes of helium bubbles observed in samples after 673-K irradiation are 1.46 nm, 1.65 nm, and 1.58 nm, respectively. The improvement in the irradiation resistance of FeCoNiCr(Ni$_{3}$Ti)$_{0.1}$ HEAs is evidenced by the diminution in bubbles size. Furthermore, the FeCoNiCr(Ni$_{3}$Ti)$_{0.1}$ HEAs containing $\gamma'$ precipitates of 15.8 nm exhibits the minimum size and density of helium bubbles, which can be ascribed to the considerable helium trapping effects of heterogeneous coherent phase boundaries. Subsequently, annealing experiments conducted after 293-K irradiation indicate that HEAs containing precipitated phases exhibits smaller apparent activation energy ($E_{\rm a}$) for helium bubbles, resulting in larger helium bubble size. This study provides guidance for improving the irradiation resistance of L1$_{2}$-strengthened high-entropy alloy.

Keywords: high-entropy alloys irradiation resistance coherent precipitates helium bubbles

Received: 23 January 2024
Revised: 08 March 2024
Accepted manuscript online: 15 March 2024

PACS:	65.40.gd	(Entropy)
	61.80.Lj	(Atom and molecule irradiation effects)
	47.27.De	(Coherent structures)
	61.66.Dk	(Alloys )

Fund: Project support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12075200) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFB3706004).

Corresponding Authors: Jian Zhang
E-mail: zhangjian@xmu.edu.cn

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Ting Feng(冯婷), Sheng-Ming Jiang(蒋胜明), Xiao-Tian Hu(胡潇天), Zi-Jun Zhang(张子骏), Zi-Jing Huang(黄子敬), Shi-Gang Dong(董士刚), and Jian Zhang(张建) Evolution of helium bubbles in FeCoNiCr-based high-entropy alloys containing $ \gamma '$ nanoprecipitates 2024 Chin. Phys. B 33 076501

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Evolution of helium bubbles in FeCoNiCr-based high-entropy alloys containing $ \gamma '$ nanoprecipitates

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