Computational simulation of ionization processes in single-bubble and multi-bubble sonoluminescence
Jin-Fu Liang(梁金福)1,†, De-Feng Xiong(熊德凤)1, Yu An(安宇)2, and Wei-Zhong Chen(陈伟中)3
1 School of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China; 2 Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; 3 Institution of Acoustics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
Abstract The most recent spectroscopic studies of moving-single bubble sonoluminescence (MSBSL) and multi-bubble sonoluminescence (MBSL) have revealed that hydrated electrons (e) are generated in MSBSL but absent in MBSL. To explore the mechanism of this phenomenon, we numerically simulate the ionization processes in single- and multi-bubble sonoluminescence in aqueous solution of terbium chloride (TbCl). The results show that the maximum degree of ionization of single-bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL) is approximately 10000 times greater than that of MBSL under certain special physical parameters. The hydrated electrons (e) formed in SBSL are far more than those in MBSL provided these electrons are ejected from a bubble into a liquid. Therefore, the quenching of e to SBSL spectrum is stronger than that of the MBSL spectrum. This may be the reason that the trivalent terbium [Tb(III)] ion line intensities from SBSL in the TbCl aqueous solutions with the acceptor of e are stronger than those of TbCl aqueous solutions without the acceptor of e. Whereas the Tb(III) ion line intensities from MBSL are not variational, which is significant for exploring the mechanism behind the cavitation and sonoluminescence.
Jin-Fu Liang(梁金福), De-Feng Xiong(熊德凤), Yu An(安宇), and Wei-Zhong Chen(陈伟中) Computational simulation of ionization processes in single-bubble and multi-bubble sonoluminescence 2022 Chin. Phys. B 31 117802
[1] Gaitan D F, Crum L A, Church C C and Roy R A 1992 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 91 66 [2] Frenzel H and Schultes H 1934 Z. Phys. Chem. B 27 421 [3] Flint E B and Suslick K S 1991 Science 253 1397 [4] Hilgenfeldt S, Grossmann S and Lohse D 1999 Nature 398 402 [5] Yasui K 2001 Phys. Rev. E 64 0160 [6] Lohse D, Brenner M P, Dupont T F, Hilgenfeldt S and Johnston B 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 1359 [7] Young J B, Nelson J A and Kang W 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 2673 [8] Brenner M P, Hilgenfeldt S and Lohse D 2002 Rev. Mod. Phys. 74 425 [9] Flannigan D J and Suslick K S 2005 Nature 434 52 [10] An Y 2006 Phys. Rev. E 74 026304 [11] Suslick K S and Flannigan D J 2008 Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 59 659 [12] Xu H, Glumac N and Suslick K 2010 Angew. Chem. Int. Edit. 49 1079 [13] Iii M N, Didenko Y T and Suslick K S 1999 Nature 401 772 [14] Neppiras E A 1980 Phys. Rep. 61 159 [15] Suslick K S and Flint E B 1987 Nature 330 553 [16] Ashokkumar M and Grieser F 1998 Chem. Commum. 561 [17] Pflieger R, Schneider J, Siboulet B, Moehwald H and Nikitenko S 2013 J. Phys. Chem. B 117 2979 [18] Sharipov G L, Yakshembetova L R, Abdrakhmanov A M and Gareev B M 2019 Ultrason. Sonochem. 58 104674 [19] Sharipov G L, Gareev B M, Vasilyuk K S, Galimov D I and Abdrakhmanov A M 2020 Ultrason. Sonochem. 70 1053 [20] Sharipov G L, Gareev B M and Abdrakhmanov A M 2020 J. Photoch. Photobio. A 402 112800 [21] An Y and Li C 2008 Phys. Rev. E 78 0463 [22] An Y and Li C 2009 Phys. Rev. E 80 046320 [23] Liang J and An Y 2017 Phys. Rev. E 96 0618 [24] Keller J B and Miksis M 1980 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 68 628 [25] Zhang W J, Chen W and An Y 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 047802 [26] Yuan L 2005 Phys. Rev. E 72 046309 [27] Hamilton M F, Ilinskii Y A and Zabolotskaya E A 1998 Dispersion in nonlinear acoustics (San Diego: Academic Press) [28] An Y 2012 Phys. Rev. E 85 016305 [29] An Y 2013 Appl. Acoust. 85 016305 (in Chinese) [30] Liang J, An Y and Chen W 2019 Ultrason. Sonochem. 58 104688 [31] Didenko Y T, McNamara W B and Suslick K S 1999 J. Am. Chem. Soc 121 5817 [32] Didenko Y T 1999 J. Phys. Chem. A 103 10783 [33] Liang J, Chen W, Zhou C, Cui W and Chen Z 2015 Phys. Lett. A 379 497 [34] Liang J, Chen W, Wang X, Yang J and Chen Z 2016 Phys. Lett. A 380 4105
Altmetric calculates a score based on the online attention an article receives. Each coloured thread in the circle represents a different type of online attention. The number in the centre is the Altmetric score. Social media and mainstream news media are the main sources that calculate the score. Reference managers such as Mendeley are also tracked but do not contribute to the score. Older articles often score higher because they have had more time to get noticed. To account for this, Altmetric has included the context data for other articles of a similar age.
