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Special Issue:
SPECIAL TOPIC — Advanced calculation & characterization of energy storage materials & devices at multiple scale
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| SPECIAL TOPIC—Advanced calculation & characterization of energy storage materials & devices at multiple scale |
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Revealing the inhomogeneous surface chemistry on the spherical layered oxide polycrystalline cathode particles |
| Zhi-Sen Jiang(蒋之森)1, Shao-Feng Li(李少锋)2, Zheng-Rui Xu(许正瑞)3, Dennis Nordlund2, Hendrik Ohldag2, Piero Pianetta2, Jun-Sik Lee2, Feng Lin(林锋)3, Yi-Jin Liu(刘宜晋)2 |
1 College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
2 Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA;
3 Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA |
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Abstract The hierarchical structure of the composite cathodes brings in significant chemical complexity related to the interfaces, such as cathode electrolyte interphase. These interfaces account for only a small fraction of the volume and mass, they could, however, have profound impacts on the cell-level electrochemistry. As the investigation of these interfaces becomes a crucial topic in the battery research, there is a need to properly study the surface chemistry, particularly to eliminate the biased, incomplete characterization provided by techniques that assume the homogeneous surface chemistry. Herein, we utilize nano-resolution spatially-resolved x-ray spectroscopic tools to probe the heterogeneity of the surface chemistry on LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 layered cathode secondary particles. Informed by the nano-resolution mapping of the Ni valance state, which serves as a measurement of the local surface chemistry, we construct a conceptual model to elucidate the electrochemical consequence of the inhomogeneous local impedance over the particle surface. Going beyond the implication in battery science, our work highlights a balance between the high-resolution probing the local chemistry and the statistical representativeness, which is particularly vital in the study of the highly complex material systems.
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Received: 16 November 2019
Revised: 20 December 2019
Accepted manuscript online:
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PACS:
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61.05.cj
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(X-ray absorption spectroscopy: EXAFS, NEXAFS, XANES, etc.)
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78.70.Dm
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(X-ray absorption spectra)
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87.59.-e
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(X-ray imaging)
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82.45.Fk
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(Electrodes)
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| Fund: Project supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515 and National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR-1832613. |
Corresponding Authors:
Jun-Sik Lee, Feng Lin, Yi-Jin Liu
E-mail: jslee@slac.stanford.edu;fenglin@vt.edu;liuyijin@slac.stanford.edu
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Cite this article:
Zhi-Sen Jiang(蒋之森), Shao-Feng Li(李少锋), Zheng-Rui Xu(许正瑞), Dennis Nordlund, Hendrik Ohldag, Piero Pianetta, Jun-Sik Lee, Feng Lin(林锋), Yi-Jin Liu(刘宜晋) Revealing the inhomogeneous surface chemistry on the spherical layered oxide polycrystalline cathode particles 2020 Chin. Phys. B 29 026103
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