| SPECIAL TOPIC — Superconductivity in nickel oxides |
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Dual roles of oxygen-annealing in modulating the superconductivity of La3Ni2O7+δ |
| Xin-Ran Hu(胡欣然)1,2,†, Jia Yu(于佳)3,†, Jun-Kun Yi(易俊锟)4,5,†, Ya-Dong Gu(谷亚东)4,5, Jun-Jie Feng(冯俊杰)1,2, Xie-Yu Sun(孙谢羽)1,2, Qing-Song Liu(刘青松)4,5, Yun-Qing Shi(石运清)4,5, Meng-Hu Zhou(周孟虎)4,5,6, Hui-Ran Sun(孙慧冉)1,2, Chang-Sheng Jiang(蒋长胜)1,2, Qi-Heng Huang(黄启衡)1,2, Tao Han(韩涛)1,2, Ming-Sheng Long(龙明生)1,2, Xing-Yuan Hou(侯兴元)1,2, Bing-Hui Ge(葛炳辉)1, Dong-Sheng Song(宋东升)1,‡, Zhi-An Ren(任治安)4,5, Qing-Ge Mu(穆青隔)1,2,7,§, and Lei Shan(单磊)1,2,8,¶ |
1 Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China;
2 Leibniz International Joint Research Center of Materials Sciences of Anhui Province, Center of Free Electron Laser & Strong Magnetic Field, State Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Acquisition and Protection Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China;
3 Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (Guangdong), Shenzhen 518000, China;
4 Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
5 School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
6 School of Science, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China;
7 Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230601, China;
8 Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China |
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Abstract Oxygen deficiency is known to critically influence the superconductivity of La$_{3}$Ni$_{2}$O$_{7-\delta }$. However, precise control of oxygen content to mitigate such deficiencies remains a significant challenge. In this work, we synthesized high-oxygen-content La$_{3}$Ni$_{2}$O$_{7+\delta } $ polycrystals via high-pressure oxygen annealing with the oxygen stoichiometry ($\delta $) successfully tuned by varying the amount of KClO$_{4}$. The obtained samples La$_{3}$Ni$_{2}$O$_{7.16}$ and La$_{3}$Ni$_{2}$O$_{7.38}$ exhibit metallic behavior at ambient pressure. We further conducted a comprehensive investigation into the pressure-induced superconductivity and atomic structure. STEM imaging revealed large-area bilayer-phase stacking in La$_{3}$Ni$_{2}$O$_{7.16}$, while La$_{3}$Ni$_{2}$O$_{7.38}$ showed noticeable intergrowth with other Ruddlesden-Popper (R-P) phases. Notably, the critical pressure in La$_{3}$Ni$_{2}$O$_{7.16}$ is substantially reduced, though its critical temperature ($T_{\rm c}$) is lower than that of as-grown samples. In contrast, only a weak superconducting signal was detected in higher oxygen content sample La$_{3}$Ni$_{2}$O$_{7.38}$ likely due to the intergrowth with other R-P phases, non-negligible interstitial oxygen, or an increased fraction of the tetragonal phase. Our findings provide a viable pathway for optimizing nickelate superconductivity and offer insights into the fundamental mechanisms governing superconductivity in these materials.
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Received: 07 January 2026
Revised: 03 March 2026
Accepted manuscript online: 11 March 2026
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PACS:
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74.62.-c
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(Transition temperature variations, phase diagrams)
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74.62.Fj
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(Effects of pressure)
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74.70.-b
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(Superconducting materials other than cuprates)
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| Fund: Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFA1403203), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12204007, 12374133, 12304162, and 12074002), the Key Scientific Research Foundation of the Education Department of Anhui Province (Grant No. 2024AH050046), the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology (Grant No. 2021ZD0302802), Quantum Science and TechnologyNational Science and Technology Major Project (Grant No. 2024ZD0301300), the Major Basic Program of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant No. ZR2021ZD01), the Start-up Funding Program of Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area Quantum Science Center (Grant No. QD2301003), and Guangdong Provincial Quantum Science Strategic Initiative (Grant No. GDZX2401001). |
Corresponding Authors:
Lei Shan, Qing-Ge Mu, Dong-Sheng Song
E-mail: lshan@ahu.edu.cn;mu@ahu.edu.cn;dsong@ahu.edu.cn
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Cite this article:
Xin-Ran Hu(胡欣然), Jia Yu(于佳), Jun-Kun Yi(易俊锟), Ya-Dong Gu(谷亚东), Jun-Jie Feng(冯俊杰), Xie-Yu Sun(孙谢羽), Qing-Song Liu(刘青松), Yun-Qing Shi(石运清), Meng-Hu Zhou(周孟虎), Hui-Ran Sun(孙慧冉), Chang-Sheng Jiang(蒋长胜), Qi-Heng Huang(黄启衡), Tao Han(韩涛), Ming-Sheng Long(龙明生), Xing-Yuan Hou(侯兴元), Bing-Hui Ge(葛炳辉), Dong-Sheng Song(宋东升), Zhi-An Ren(任治安), Qing-Ge Mu(穆青隔), and Lei Shan(单磊) Dual roles of oxygen-annealing in modulating the superconductivity of La3Ni2O7+δ 2026 Chin. Phys. B 35 057407
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