Simple formula for the ionization rate of diatomic molecules in an intense laser field using the velocity gauge

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/22/8/084203

Abstract We derive a general ionization rate formula for the system of diatomic molecules in the velocity gauge. A more concise expression of the photoionization rate in the tunnel region is obtained for the first time. Comparisons are made among the different versions of strong-field approximation. The numerical study shows that the ionization rate in the velocity gauge is underestimated by a few orders compared with that in the length gauge. Our simple formula of ionization rate may provide an insight into the ionization mechanism for the system of diatomic molecules.

Keywords: strong-field approximation gauge invariance tunnel ionization

Received: 12 November 2012
Revised: 21 December 2012
Accepted manuscript online:

PACS:	42.50.Hz	(Strong-field excitation of optical transitions in quantum systems; multiphoton processes; dynamic Stark shift)
	33.80.Eh	(Autoionization, photoionization, and photodetachment)

Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11274149) and the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province, China (Grant No. 20121032).

Corresponding Authors: Li Yong-Qing, Ma Feng-Cai
E-mail: yqli@lnu.edu.cn; fcma@lnu.edu.cn

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Tang Zeng-Hua (唐增华), Li Yong-Qing (李永庆), Ma Feng-Cai (马凤才) Simple formula for the ionization rate of diatomic molecules in an intense laser field using the velocity gauge 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 084203

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Simple formula for the ionization rate of diatomic molecules in an intense laser field using the velocity gauge

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