| ELECTROMAGNETISM, OPTICS, ACOUSTICS, HEAT TRANSFER, CLASSICAL MECHANICS, AND FLUID DYNAMICS |
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Effects of water and ice clouds on cloud microphysical budget：An equilibrium modeling study |
| Gao Shou-Ting (高守亭)a, Li Xiao-Fan (李小凡)b, Zhou Yu-Shu (周玉淑)a |
a Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms (LACS), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;
b Department of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China |
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Abstract The effects of water and ice clouds on the cloud microphysical budget associated with rainfall are investigated through the analysis of grid-scale data from a series of two-dimensional cloud-resolving model equilibrium sensitivity simulations. The model is imposed without large-scale vertical velocity. In the control experiment, the contribution from rainfall (cM) associated with net evaporation and hydrometeor loss/convergence is about 29% of that from the rainfall (Cm) associated with net condensation and hydrometeor gain/divergence and about 39% of that from the rainfall (CM) associated with net condensation and hydrometeor loss/convergence. The exclusion of ice clouds enhances rainfall contribution of CM, whereas it reduces rainfall contributions of Cm and cM. The removal of radiative effects of water clouds increases rainfall contribution of CM, barely changes rainfall contribution of Cm and reduces the rainfall contribution of cM in the presence of the radiative effects of ice clouds. Elimination of the radiative effects of water clouds reduces the rainfall contributions of CM and Cm, whereas it increases the rainfall contribution of cM in the absence of the radiative effects of ice clouds.
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Received: 25 March 2013
Revised: 19 April 2013
Accepted manuscript online:
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PACS:
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42.68.Ge
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(Effects of clouds and water; ice crystal phenomena)
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92.60.N-
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(Cloud physics and chemistry)
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92.60.jf
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(Precipitation)
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92.60.Wc
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(Weather analysis and prediction)
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| Fund: Project supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Project of China (Grant No. 2012CB417201), the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40930950 41075043, 41275065, and 41075044), and the 985 Program of Zhejiang University (Grant No. 188020+193432602/215). |
Corresponding Authors:
Zhou Yu-Shu
E-mail: zys@mail.iap.ac.cn
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| About author: 42.68.Ge; 92.60.N-; 92.60.jf; 92.60.Wc |
Cite this article:
Gao Shou-Ting (高守亭), Li Xiao-Fan (李小凡), Zhou Yu-Shu (周玉淑) Effects of water and ice clouds on cloud microphysical budget：An equilibrium modeling study 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 024204
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