Abstract Using the Hellings--Nordtvedt theory, some expressions are obtained of the mass defect effect for a type of charged celestial body in a gravitational field with a nonzero cosmological constant $\lambda$. And the mass defects are obtained in several other types of fields and under different conditions by discussing the parameters in the expressions. These are meaningful calculations of the radiated energies in the processes of forming those kinds of celestial bodies in astrophysics.
Received: 13 April 2004
Revised: 13 May 2004
Accepted manuscript online:
PACS:
0420F
Fund: Project supported by the National Basic Research Programme of China (Grant No 2003CB716300)
Cite this article:
Gong Tian-Xi (龚添喜), Wang Yong-Jiu (王永久) Mass defect effect in the gravitational field 2005 Chinese Physics 14 45
Altmetric calculates a score based on the online attention an article receives. Each coloured thread in the circle represents a different type of online attention. The number in the centre is the Altmetric score. Social media and mainstream news media are the main sources that calculate the score. Reference managers such as Mendeley are also tracked but do not contribute to the score. Older articles often score higher because they have had more time to get noticed. To account for this, Altmetric has included the context data for other articles of a similar age.