Multiphase cooperation for multilevel strain accommodation in a single-crystalline BiFeO3 thin film

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ad62e0

中国物理B ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (9): 96805-096805.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad62e0

所属专题： SPECIAL TOPIC — Stephen J. Pennycook: A research life in atomic-resolution STEM and EELS

Multiphase cooperation for multilevel strain accommodation in a single-crystalline BiFeO₃ thin film

Wooseon Choi^1,†, Bumsu Park^2,†, Jaejin Hwang^3,†, Gyeongtak Han⁴, Sang-Hyeok Yang¹, Hyeon Jun Lee⁵, Sung Su Lee⁶, Ji Young Jo⁶, Albina Y. Borisevich⁷, Hu Young Jeong⁸, Sang Ho Oh^9,‡, Jaekwang Lee^3,§, and Young-Min Kim^1,¶

1 Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea;
2 Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong 18448, Republic of Korea;
3 Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
4 LG Energy Solution, Daejeon 34122, Republic of Korea;
5 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea;
6 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea;
7 Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831, USA;
8 Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea;
9 Department of Energy Engineering, KENTECH Institute for Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju 58330, Republic of Korea

收稿日期:2024-04-22 修回日期:2024-07-10 接受日期:2024-07-15 发布日期:2024-08-30
通讯作者: Sang Ho Oh, Jaekwang Lee, Young-Min Kim E-mail:shoh@kentech.ac.kr;jaekwangl@pusan.ac.kr;youngmk@skku.edu
基金资助:
Project supported by Samsung Research Fundings & Incubation Center of Samsung Electronics (Grant No. SRFCMA1702-01). Y.-M.K acknowledges partial support from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) (Grant No. 2023R1A2C2002403) funded by the Korean government in Korea.

Multiphase cooperation for multilevel strain accommodation in a single-crystalline BiFeO₃ thin film

1 Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea;
2 Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong 18448, Republic of Korea;
3 Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
4 LG Energy Solution, Daejeon 34122, Republic of Korea;
5 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea;
6 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea;
7 Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831, USA;
8 Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea;
9 Department of Energy Engineering, KENTECH Institute for Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju 58330, Republic of Korea

Received:2024-04-22 Revised:2024-07-10 Accepted:2024-07-15 Published:2024-08-30
Contact: Sang Ho Oh, Jaekwang Lee, Young-Min Kim E-mail:shoh@kentech.ac.kr;jaekwangl@pusan.ac.kr;youngmk@skku.edu
Supported by:
Project supported by Samsung Research Fundings & Incubation Center of Samsung Electronics (Grant No. SRFCMA1702-01). Y.-M.K acknowledges partial support from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) (Grant No. 2023R1A2C2002403) funded by the Korean government in Korea.

1. 2024-096805-SI.pdf(1296KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： The functionalities and diverse metastable phases of multiferroic BiFeO$_{3}$ (BFO) thin films depend on the misfit strain. Although mixed phase-induced strain relaxation in multiphase BFO thin films is well known, it is unclear whether a single-crystalline BFO thin film can accommodate misfit strain without the involvement of its polymorphs. Thus, understanding the strain relaxation behavior is key to elucidating the lattice strain-property relationship. In this study, a correlative strain analysis based on dark-field inline electron holography (DIH) and quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) was performed to reveal the structural mechanism for strain accommodation of a single-crystalline BFO thin film. The nanoscale DIH strain analysis results indicated a random combination of multiple strain states that acted as a primary strain relief, forming irregularly strained nanodomains. The STEM-based bond length measurement of the corresponding strained nanodomains revealed a unique strain accommodation behavior achieved by a statistical combination of multiple modes of distorted structures on the unit-cell scale. The globally integrated strain for each nanodomain was estimated to be close to $-1.5%$, irrespective of the nanoscale strain states, which was consistent with the fully strained BFO film on the SrTiO$_{3}$ substrate. Density functional theory calculations suggested that strain accommodation by the combination of metastable phases was energetically favored compared to single-phase-mediated relaxation. This discovery allows a comprehensive understanding of strain accommodation behavior in ferroelectric oxide films, such as BFO, with various low-symmetry polymorphs.

关键词: BiFeO$_{3}$, scanning transmission electron microscopy, electron holography, multiferroic material, strain mapping

Abstract: The functionalities and diverse metastable phases of multiferroic BiFeO$_{3}$ (BFO) thin films depend on the misfit strain. Although mixed phase-induced strain relaxation in multiphase BFO thin films is well known, it is unclear whether a single-crystalline BFO thin film can accommodate misfit strain without the involvement of its polymorphs. Thus, understanding the strain relaxation behavior is key to elucidating the lattice strain-property relationship. In this study, a correlative strain analysis based on dark-field inline electron holography (DIH) and quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) was performed to reveal the structural mechanism for strain accommodation of a single-crystalline BFO thin film. The nanoscale DIH strain analysis results indicated a random combination of multiple strain states that acted as a primary strain relief, forming irregularly strained nanodomains. The STEM-based bond length measurement of the corresponding strained nanodomains revealed a unique strain accommodation behavior achieved by a statistical combination of multiple modes of distorted structures on the unit-cell scale. The globally integrated strain for each nanodomain was estimated to be close to $-1.5%$, irrespective of the nanoscale strain states, which was consistent with the fully strained BFO film on the SrTiO$_{3}$ substrate. Density functional theory calculations suggested that strain accommodation by the combination of metastable phases was energetically favored compared to single-phase-mediated relaxation. This discovery allows a comprehensive understanding of strain accommodation behavior in ferroelectric oxide films, such as BFO, with various low-symmetry polymorphs.

Key words: BiFeO$_{3}$, scanning transmission electron microscopy, electron holography, multiferroic material, strain mapping

中图分类号: (Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM))

68.37.Ma

61.05.jp (Electron holography) 77.55.Nv (Multiferroic/magnetoelectric films) 68.55.-a (Thin film structure and morphology)

Wooseon Choi, Bumsu Park, Jaejin Hwang, Gyeongtak Han, Sang-Hyeok Yang, Hyeon Jun Lee, Sung Su Lee, Ji Young Jo, Albina Y. Borisevich, Hu Young Jeong, Sang Ho Oh, Jaekwang Lee, and Young-Min Kim. Multiphase cooperation for multilevel strain accommodation in a single-crystalline BiFeO₃ thin film[J]. 中国物理B, 2024, 33(9): 96805-096805.

参考文献

[1] Schlom D G, Chen L Q, Eom C B, Rabe K M, Streiffer S K and Triscone J M 2007 Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 37 589
[2] Hwang J, Feng Z, Charles N, Wang X R, Lee D, Stoerzinger K A, Muy S, Rao R R, Lee D, Jacobs R, Morgan D and Shao-Horn Y 2019 Mater. Today 31 100
[3] Ederer C and Spaldin N A 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 257601
[4] Catalan G, Lubk A, Vlooswiik A H G, Snoeck E, Magen C, Janssens A, Rispens G, Rijnders G, Blank D H A and Noheda B 2011 Nat. Mater. 10 963
[5] Chu K, Jang B K, Sung J H, Shin Y A, Lee E S, Song K, Lee J H. Woo C S, Kim S J, Kim S J, Choi S Y, Koo T Y, Kim Y H, Oh S H, Jo M H and Yang C H 2015 Nat. Nanotechnol. 10 972
[6] Jeon B C, Lee D, Lee M H, Yang S M, Chae S C, Song T K, Bu S D, Chung J S, Yoon J G and Noh T W 2013 Adv. Mater. 25 5643
[7] Béa H, Dupé B, Fusil S, Mattana R, Jacquet E, Warot-Fonrose B, Wilhelm F, Rogaley A, Petit S, Cors V, Anane A, Petroff F, Bouzehouane K, Geneste G, Dkhil B, Lisenkov S, Ponomareva I, Bellaiche L, Bibes M and Barthelemy A 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 217603
[8] Infante I C, Lisenkov S, Dupe B, Bibes M, Fusil S, Jacquet E, Geneste G, Petit S, Courtial A, Juraszek J, Bellaiche L, Barthelemy A and Dkhil B 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 057601
[9] Sando D, Agbelele A, Daumont C, Rahmedov D, Ren W, Infante I C, Lisenkov S, Prosandeev S, Fusil S, Jacquet E, Carrétéro C, Petit S, Cazayous M, Juraszek J, Breton J M L, Bellaiche L, Dhkil B, Barthélémy A and Bibes M 2014 Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 372 20120438
[10] Ramesh R and Spaldin N A 2007 Nat. Mater. 6 21
[11] Dieguez O, Gonzalez-Vazquez O E, Wojdel J C and Iniguez J 2011 Phys. Rev. B 83 094106
[12] Kim Y M, Kumar A, Hatt A, Morozovska A N, Tselev A, Biegalski M D, Ivanov I, Eliseev E A, Pennycook S J, Rondinelli J M, Kalinin S V and Borisevich A Y 2013 Adv. Mater. 25 2497
[13] Christen H M, Nam J H, Kim H S, Hatt A J and Spaldin N A 2011 Phys. Rev. B 83 144107
[14] Zeches R J, Rossell M D, Zhang J X, Hatt A J, He Q, Yang C H, Kumar A, Wang C H, Melville A, Adamo C, Sheng G, Chu Y H, Ihlefeld J F, Erni R, Ederer C, Gopalan V, Chen L Q, Schlom D G, Spaldin N A, Martin L W and Ramesh R 2009 Science 326 977
[15] Chen Z, Luo A, Huang C, Yang Y Q P, You L, Hu C, Wu T, Wang J, Gao C, Sritharan T and Chen L 2011 Adv. Funct. Mater. 21 133
[16] Rossell M D, Erni R, Prange M P, Idrobo J C, Luo W, Zeches R J, Pantelides S T and Ramesh R 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 047601
[17] Yang Y, Schlepütz C M, Adamo C, Schlom D G and Clarke R 2013 APL Materials 1 052102
[18] Saito K, Ulyanenkov A, Grossmann V, Ress H, Bruegemann L, Ohta H, Kurosawa T, Ueki S and Funakubo H 2006 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 45 7311
[19] Kim D H, Lee H N, Biegalski M D and Christen H M 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 92 012911
[20] Chu Y H, Zhao T, Cruz M P, Zhan Q, Yang P L, Martin L W, Huijben M, Yang C H, Zavaliche F, Zheng H and Ramesh R 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 252906
[21] Lee H J, Lee S S, Kwak J H, Kim Y M, Jeong H Y, Borisevich A Y, Lee S Y, Noh D Y, Kwon O, Kim Y and Jo J Y 2016 Scientific Reports 6 38724
[22] Fischer A, Kühne H and Richter H 1994 Phys. Rev. Lett. 73 2712
[23] Kogan S M 1964 Sov. Phys. Solid State 5 2069
[24] Lee D and Noh Tae W 2012 Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 370 4944
[25] Sando D, Barthelemy A and Bibes M 2014 J. Phys.-Condens. Matter 26 473201
[26] Holcomb M B, Martin L W, Scholl A, He Q, Yu P, Yang C H, Yang S Y, Glans P A, Valvidares M, Huijben M, Kortright J B, Guo J, Chu Y H and Ramesh R 2010 Phys. Rev. B 81 134406
[27] Lee S S, Kim YM, Lee H J, Seo O, Jeong H Y, He Q, Borisevich A Y, Kang B, Kwon O, Kang S, Kim Y, Koo T Y, Rhyee J S, Noh D Y, Cho B, Seo J H, Lee J H and Jo J Y 2018 Adv. Funct. Mater. 28 1800839
[28] Infante I C, Lisenkov S, Dupé B, Bibes M, Fusil S, Jacquet E, Geneste G, Petit S, Courtial A, Juraszek J, Bellaiche L, Barthélémy A and Dkhil B 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 057601
[29] Sando D, Agbelele A, Rahmedov D, Liu J, Rovillain P, Toulouse C, Infante I C, Pyatakov A P, Fusil S, Jacquet E, Carretero C, Deranlot C, Lisenkov S, Wang D, Le Breton J M, Cazayous M, Sacuto A, Juraszek J, Zvezdin A K, Bellaiche L, Dkhil B, Barthelemy A and Bibes M 2013 Nat. Mater. 12 641
[30] Sando D, Xu B, Bellaiche L and Nagarajan V 2016 Appl. Phys. Rev. 3 011106
[31] Huang C W, Chu Y H, Chen Z H, Wang J, Sritharan T, He Q, Ramesh R and Chen L 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 97 152901
[32] Rana D S, Takahashi K, Mavani K R, Kawayama I, Murakami H, Tonouchi M, Yanagida T, Tanaka H and Kawai T 2007 Phys. Rev. B 75 060405
[33] Catalan G, Sinnamon L J and Gregg J M 2004 J. Phys.-Condes. Matter 16 2253
[34] Catalan G, Noheda B, McAnney J, Sinnamon L J and Gregg J M 2005 Phys. Rev. B 72 020102
[35] Lee D, Yoon A, Jang S Y, Yoon J G, Chung J S, Kim M, Scott J F and Noh T W 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 057602
[36] Kim Y M, He J, Biegalski M D, Ambaye H, Lauter V, Christen H M, Pantelides S T, Pennycook S J, Kalinin S V and Borisevich A Y 2012 Nat. Mater. 11 888
[37] Kim Y M, Morozovska A, Eliseev E, Oxley M P, Mishra R, Selbach S M, Grande T, Pantelides S T, Kalinin S V and Borisevich A Y 2014 Nat. Mater. 13 1019
[38] Hatt A J, Spaldin N A and Ederer C 2010 Phys. Rev. B 81 054109
[39] Hÿtch M J, Putaux JL and Peńisson JM 2003 Nature 423 270
[40] Tang Y L, Zhu Y L, Liu Y, Wang Y J and Ma X L 2017 Nat. Commun. 8 15994
[41] Kim Y M, Lee S B, Lee J and Oh S H 2019 Nanoscale 11 8281
[42] Lee J K, Park B, Song K, Jung W Y, Tyutyunnikov D, Yang T, Koch C T, Park C G, van Aken P A, Kim YM, Kim J K, Bang J, Chen L Q and Oh S H 2018 Acta. Mater. 145 109
[43] Zhang N and Asle Zaeem M 2019 npj Comput. Mater. 5 54
[44] Lines M E and Glass A M 2001 Principles and Applications of Ferroelectrics and Related Materials (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
[45] Daumont C J M, Farokhipoor S, Ferri A, WojdełJ C, Íniguez J, Kooi B J and Noheda B 2010 Phys. Rev. B 81 144115
[46] Chen Z H, Prosandeev S, Luo Z L, Ren W, Qi Y J, Huang C W, You L, Gao C, Kornev I A, Wu T, Wang J L, Yang P, Sritharan T, Bellaiche L and Chen L 2011 Phys. Rev. B 84 094116
[47] Borisevich A Y, Eliseev E A, Morozovska A N, Cheng C J, Lin J Y, Chu Y H, Kan D, Takeuchi I, Nagarajan V and Kalinin S V 2012 Nat. Commun. 3 775
[48] Koch C T 2002 Determination of core structure periodicity and point defect density along dislocation (Ph. D. Dissertation) (Arizona: Arizona State University) (in USA)
[49] Kresse G and Furthmüller J 1993 Phys. Rev. B 54 11169
[50] Dudarev S L, Botton G A, Savrasov S Y, Humphreys C J and Sutton A P 1998 Phys. Rev. B 57 1505

Multiphase cooperation for multilevel strain accommodation in a single-crystalline BiFeO₃ thin film

Multiphase cooperation for multilevel strain accommodation in a single-crystalline BiFeO₃ thin film

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

补充材料

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	Kejun Hu(胡柯钧), Shuai Wang(王帅), Boyu Li(李泊玉), Ying Liu(刘影), Binghui Ge(葛炳辉), and Dongsheng Song(宋东升). Visualizing extended defects at the atomic level in a Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+δ superconducting wire[J]. 中国物理B, 2024, 33(9): 96101-096101.
[2]	Yihan Lei(雷一涵), Yanghe Wang(王扬河), Jiahao Song(宋家豪), Jinxin Ge(葛锦昕), Dirui Wu(伍迪睿), Yingli Zhang(张英利), and Changjian Li(黎长建). Probing nickelate superconductors at atomic scale: A STEM review[J]. 中国物理B, 2024, 33(9): 96801-096801.
[3]	Kangshu Li(李康舒), Junxian Li(李俊贤), Xiaocang Han(韩小藏), Wu Zhou(周武), and Xiaoxu Zhao(赵晓续). Atomically self-healing of structural defects in monolayer WSe₂[J]. 中国物理B, 2024, 33(9): 96804-096804.
[4]	Eric R. Hoglund and Andrew R. Lupini. Multidimensional images and aberrations in STEM[J]. 中国物理B, 2024, 33(9): 96807-096807.
[5]	Jiadong Dan, Cheng Zhang, Xiaoxu Zhao(赵晓续), and N. Duane Loh. Symmetry quantification and segmentation in STEM imaging through Zernike moments[J]. 中国物理B, 2024, 33(8): 86803-086803.
[6]	Zhetong Liu(刘哲彤), Bingyao Liu(刘秉尧), Dongdong Liang(梁冬冬), Xiaomei Li(李晓梅), Xiaomin Li(李晓敏), Li Chen(陈莉), Rui Zhu(朱瑞), Jun Xu(徐军), Tongbo Wei(魏同波), Xuedong Bai(白雪冬), and Peng Gao(高鹏). Nanoscale cathodoluminescence spectroscopy probing the nitride quantum wells in an electron microscope[J]. 中国物理B, 2024, 33(3): 38502-038502.
[7]	Shu-Fang Ma(马淑芳), Lei Li(李磊), Qing-Bo Kong(孔庆波), Yang Xu(徐阳), Qing-Ming Liu(刘青明), Shuai Zhang(张帅), Xi-Shu Zhang(张西数), Bin Han(韩斌), Bo-Cang Qiu(仇伯仓), Bing-She Xu(许并社), and Xiao-Dong Hao(郝晓东). Atomic-scale insights of indium segregation and its suppression by GaAs insertion layer in InGaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum wells[J]. 中国物理B, 2023, 32(3): 37801-037801.
[8]	Mingrui He(何明睿), Yang Fan(樊洋), Yueming Zhou(周月明), and Peixiang Lu(陆培祥). Taking snapshots of a moving electron wave packet in molecules using photoelectron holography in strong-field tunneling ionization[J]. 中国物理B, 2021, 30(12): 123202-123202.
[9]	潘祺, 初宝进. Enhanced ferromagnetism and magnetoelectric response in quenched BiFeO₃-based ceramics[J]. 中国物理B, 2020, 29(8): 87501-087501.
[10]	令志斌, 刘桂菊, 杨成鹏, 梁文双, 王乙潜. Off-axis electron holography of manganite-based heterojunctions: Interface potential and charge distribution[J]. 中国物理B, 2019, 28(4): 46101-046101.
[11]	仝毓昕, 张庆华, 谷林. Scanning transmission electron microscopy: A review of high angle annular dark field and annular bright field imaging and applications in lithium-ion batteries[J]. 中国物理B, 2018, 27(6): 66107-066107.
[12]	陈富军, 姚汝贤, 罗江华, 王长清. Backward rescattered photoelectron holography in strong-field ionization[J]. 中国物理B, 2018, 27(10): 103202-103202.
[13]	牛利伟, 陈长乐, 董祥雷, 邢辉, 罗炳成, 金克新. Emergent ferroelectricity in disordered tri-color multilayer structure comprised of ferromagnetic manganites[J]. 中国物理B, 2016, 25(10): 107701-107701.
[14]	蒲十周, 郭超, 李美亚, 陈珍莲, 邹化民. Study on superstructure in ion co-doped BiFeO₃ by using transmission electron microscopy[J]. , 2015, 24(4): 46101-046101.
[15]	刘宇, 翟良君, 王怀玉. Theoretical study of mutual control mechanism between magnetization and polarization in multiferroic materials[J]. , 2015, 24(3): 37510-037510.