中国物理B ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 27405-027405.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ae23b2

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Type-II character and anisotropic superconductivity in natural superconducting covellite

Zouyouwei Lu(鲁邹有为)1,2,†, Yuhang Zhang(张宇航)1,2,†,‡, Qiming Zhang(张栖铭)1,2,†, Xinyi Zheng(郑新义)1,2, Ningning Wang(王宁宁)1,2, Jihu Lu(卢佶虎)1,2, Jiali Liu(刘家利)1,2, Feng Wu(吴凤)1,3, Chengjie Xu(徐诚杰)1,2, Yunzhenshan Gao(高运蓁山)1,2, Hua Zhang(张华)1,2, Jianping Sun(孙建平)1,2, Jin-Guang Cheng(程金光)1,2, Guangtong Liu(刘广同)1,2,§, Ziyi Liu(刘子儀)1,2,¶, and Xiaoli Dong(董晓莉)1,2   

  1. 1 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
    2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3 Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-20 接受日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2026-02-05
  • 通讯作者: Yuhang Zhang, Guangtong Liu, Ziyi Liu E-mail:yuhang@iphy.ac.cn;gtliu@iphy.ac.cn;y_liu@iphy.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    We are grateful for the enlightening discussions with Prof. Zhongxian Zhao. This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2024YFA1611102, 2022YFA1403903, 2022YFA1602802, and 2023YFA1406101), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12304075), and CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (Grant No. 2022YSBR-048).

Type-II character and anisotropic superconductivity in natural superconducting covellite

Zouyouwei Lu(鲁邹有为)1,2,†, Yuhang Zhang(张宇航)1,2,†,‡, Qiming Zhang(张栖铭)1,2,†, Xinyi Zheng(郑新义)1,2, Ningning Wang(王宁宁)1,2, Jihu Lu(卢佶虎)1,2, Jiali Liu(刘家利)1,2, Feng Wu(吴凤)1,3, Chengjie Xu(徐诚杰)1,2, Yunzhenshan Gao(高运蓁山)1,2, Hua Zhang(张华)1,2, Jianping Sun(孙建平)1,2, Jin-Guang Cheng(程金光)1,2, Guangtong Liu(刘广同)1,2,§, Ziyi Liu(刘子儀)1,2,¶, and Xiaoli Dong(董晓莉)1,2   

  1. 1 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
    2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3 Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2025-11-20 Accepted:2025-11-25 Published:2026-02-05
  • Supported by:
    We are grateful for the enlightening discussions with Prof. Zhongxian Zhao. This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2024YFA1611102, 2022YFA1403903, 2022YFA1602802, and 2023YFA1406101), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12304075), and CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (Grant No. 2022YSBR-048).

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摘要： We report a comprehensive investigation of the superconducting properties of the mineral superconductor covellite (CuS) using high-quality single crystals. First, we establish that CuS is an intrinsic type-II superconductor, correcting its long-standing classification as type-I. Second, a complete set of anisotropic superconducting parameters is determined, including the critical fields, penetration depth and coherence length, which yield a Ginzburg-Landau parameter κ~1.5 and a moderate anisotropy of γ~2. Our results indicate that this type-II superconductivity can be well-described by a conventional, weak-coupling, single-band s-wave pairing mechanism. This work fills a long-standing gap in the understanding of this archetypal superconductor.

关键词: type-II superconductivity, critical parameters, anisotropy, covellite

Abstract: We report a comprehensive investigation of the superconducting properties of the mineral superconductor covellite (CuS) using high-quality single crystals. First, we establish that CuS is an intrinsic type-II superconductor, correcting its long-standing classification as type-I. Second, a complete set of anisotropic superconducting parameters is determined, including the critical fields, penetration depth and coherence length, which yield a Ginzburg-Landau parameter κ~1.5 and a moderate anisotropy of γ~2. Our results indicate that this type-II superconductivity can be well-described by a conventional, weak-coupling, single-band s-wave pairing mechanism. This work fills a long-standing gap in the understanding of this archetypal superconductor.

Key words: type-II superconductivity, critical parameters, anisotropy, covellite

中图分类号:  (Properties of superconductors)

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