中国物理B ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 18502-018502.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ae1c26

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Strong enhancement of spin-orbit torques and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in [Pt0.75Ti0.25/Co–Ni multilayer/Ta]n superlattices

Xiaomiao Yin(阴小苗)1,2,3, Zhengxiao Li(李政霄)2,4, Jun Kang(康俊)1,3,†, Changmin Xiong(熊昌民)3,5,‡, and Lijun Zhu(朱礼军)2,4,§   

  1. 1 Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China;
    2 State Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Physics and Chip Technologies, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China;
    3 Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
    4 Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    5 Key Laboratory of Multiscale Spin Physics, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-17 修回日期:2025-10-21 接受日期:2025-11-06 发布日期:2026-01-09
  • 通讯作者: Jun Kang, Changmin Xiong, Lijun Zhu E-mail:jkang@csrc.ac.cn;cmxiong@bnu.edu.cn;ljzhu@semi.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    This project was supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. Z230006), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFA1204000), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12274405 and 12393831).

Strong enhancement of spin-orbit torques and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in [Pt0.75Ti0.25/Co–Ni multilayer/Ta]n superlattices

Xiaomiao Yin(阴小苗)1,2,3, Zhengxiao Li(李政霄)2,4, Jun Kang(康俊)1,3,†, Changmin Xiong(熊昌民)3,5,‡, and Lijun Zhu(朱礼军)2,4,§   

  1. 1 Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China;
    2 State Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Physics and Chip Technologies, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China;
    3 Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
    4 Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    5 Key Laboratory of Multiscale Spin Physics, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • Received:2025-09-17 Revised:2025-10-21 Accepted:2025-11-06 Published:2026-01-09
  • Contact: Jun Kang, Changmin Xiong, Lijun Zhu E-mail:jkang@csrc.ac.cn;cmxiong@bnu.edu.cn;ljzhu@semi.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    This project was supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. Z230006), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFA1204000), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12274405 and 12393831).

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摘要： We report the development of the [Pt$_{0.75}$Ti$_{0.25}$/Co-Ni multilayer/Ta]$_{n}$ superlattice with strong spin-orbit torque, large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and remarkably low switching current density. We demonstrate that the efficiency of the spin-orbit torque increases nearly linearly with the repetition number $n$, which is in excellent agreement with the spin Hall effect of the Pt$_{0.75}$Ti$_{0.25}$ being essentially the only source of the observed spin-orbit torque. The perpendicular magnetic anisotropy field is also substantially enhanced by more than a factor of 2 as $n$ increases from 1 to 6. The [Pt$_{0.75}$Ti$_{0.25}$/Co-Ni multilayers/Ta]$_{n}$ superlattice additionally exhibits deterministic, low-current-density magnetization switching despite the very large total layer thicknesses. The unique combination of strong spin-orbit torque, robust perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, low-current-density switching, and excellent high thermal stability makes the [Pt$_{0.75}$Ti$_{0.25}$/Co-Ni multilayer/Ta]$_{n}$ superlattice a highly compelling material candidate for ultrafast, energy-efficient, and long-data-retention spintronic technologies.

关键词: Strong enhancement of spin-orbit torques and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in [Pt0.75Ti0.25/Co–Ni multilayer/Ta]n superlattices

Abstract: We report the development of the [Pt$_{0.75}$Ti$_{0.25}$/Co-Ni multilayer/Ta]$_{n}$ superlattice with strong spin-orbit torque, large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and remarkably low switching current density. We demonstrate that the efficiency of the spin-orbit torque increases nearly linearly with the repetition number $n$, which is in excellent agreement with the spin Hall effect of the Pt$_{0.75}$Ti$_{0.25}$ being essentially the only source of the observed spin-orbit torque. The perpendicular magnetic anisotropy field is also substantially enhanced by more than a factor of 2 as $n$ increases from 1 to 6. The [Pt$_{0.75}$Ti$_{0.25}$/Co-Ni multilayers/Ta]$_{n}$ superlattice additionally exhibits deterministic, low-current-density magnetization switching despite the very large total layer thicknesses. The unique combination of strong spin-orbit torque, robust perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, low-current-density switching, and excellent high thermal stability makes the [Pt$_{0.75}$Ti$_{0.25}$/Co-Ni multilayer/Ta]$_{n}$ superlattice a highly compelling material candidate for ultrafast, energy-efficient, and long-data-retention spintronic technologies.

Key words: spin-orbit torque, perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, spin Hall effect, magnetization switching

中图分类号:  (Magnetoelectronics; spintronics: devices exploiting spin polarized transport or integrated magnetic fields)

  • 85.75.-d
72.25.Mk (Spin transport through interfaces) 68.65.Cd (Superlattices) 96.12.Hg (Magnetic field and magnetism)