Orbital torque of Cr-induced magnetization switching in perpendicularly magnetized Pt/Co/Pt/Cr heterostructures

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/aca6d7

中国物理B ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 37502-037502.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/aca6d7

Orbital torque of Cr-induced magnetization switching in perpendicularly magnetized Pt/Co/Pt/Cr heterostructures

Hongfei Xie(谢宏斐), Yuhan Chang(常宇晗), Xi Guo(郭玺), Jianrong Zhang(张健荣), Baoshan Cui(崔宝山), Yalu Zuo(左亚路)^†, and Li Xi(席力)^‡

Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

收稿日期:2022-09-16 修回日期:2022-11-24 接受日期:2022-11-29 出版日期:2023-02-14 发布日期:2023-02-21
通讯作者: Yalu Zuo, Li Xi E-mail:zuoyl@lzu.edu.cn;xili@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 91963201 and 51671098), the 111 Project (Grant No. B20063), the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University PCSIRT (Grant No. IRT16R35), and the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province, China (Grant No. 22JR5RA474).

Orbital torque of Cr-induced magnetization switching in perpendicularly magnetized Pt/Co/Pt/Cr heterostructures

Hongfei Xie(谢宏斐), Yuhan Chang(常宇晗), Xi Guo(郭玺), Jianrong Zhang(张健荣), Baoshan Cui(崔宝山), Yalu Zuo(左亚路)^†, and Li Xi(席力)^‡

Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2022-09-16 Revised:2022-11-24 Accepted:2022-11-29 Online:2023-02-14 Published:2023-02-21
Contact: Yalu Zuo, Li Xi E-mail:zuoyl@lzu.edu.cn;xili@lzu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 91963201 and 51671098), the 111 Project (Grant No. B20063), the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University PCSIRT (Grant No. IRT16R35), and the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province, China (Grant No. 22JR5RA474).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： The spin-orbit torque via the spin Hall effect of heavy metals has shown promising prospect in driving the magnetization switching in spintronic devices due to the generated spin current from heavy metals. Recently, the 3d-light metals have been predicted the ability to generate orbital current and the associated orbital torques from the orbital Hall effect. However, few experiments have been carried out since it is quite hard to directly detect the orbital current-generated orbital torque. Here, we report an effective method to demonstrate the strong orbital torques in light metal Cr through a conversion process from orbital current to spin current by introducing the Pt interfacial layer in perpendicularly magnetized symmetric Pt/Co/Pt structures. A quite large and monotonically growth of orbital torque efficiency in Pt/Co/Pt/Cr with the increase of the thickness of Cr layer is obtained with the largest effective orbital torque efficiency around 2.6 Oe/(MA·cm^-2) (1 Oe=79.5775 A·m^-1). The ability of orbital torque to drive the magnetization switching is also reported with the critical switching current density down to the order of 10⁶ A·cm^-2. Our findings prove the efficiency for switching the magnetization from light metal Cr layers through the orbital Hall effect.

关键词: spin Hall effect, orbital Hall effect, magnetization switching

Abstract: The spin-orbit torque via the spin Hall effect of heavy metals has shown promising prospect in driving the magnetization switching in spintronic devices due to the generated spin current from heavy metals. Recently, the 3d-light metals have been predicted the ability to generate orbital current and the associated orbital torques from the orbital Hall effect. However, few experiments have been carried out since it is quite hard to directly detect the orbital current-generated orbital torque. Here, we report an effective method to demonstrate the strong orbital torques in light metal Cr through a conversion process from orbital current to spin current by introducing the Pt interfacial layer in perpendicularly magnetized symmetric Pt/Co/Pt structures. A quite large and monotonically growth of orbital torque efficiency in Pt/Co/Pt/Cr with the increase of the thickness of Cr layer is obtained with the largest effective orbital torque efficiency around 2.6 Oe/(MA·cm^-2) (1 Oe=79.5775 A·m^-1). The ability of orbital torque to drive the magnetization switching is also reported with the critical switching current density down to the order of 10⁶ A·cm^-2. Our findings prove the efficiency for switching the magnetization from light metal Cr layers through the orbital Hall effect.

Key words: spin Hall effect, orbital Hall effect, magnetization switching

中图分类号: (Spin-orbit effects)

75.70.Tj

75.60.-d (Domain effects, magnetization curves, and hysteresis) 77.80.Fm (Switching phenomena)

Hongfei Xie(谢宏斐), Yuhan Chang(常宇晗), Xi Guo(郭玺), Jianrong Zhang(张健荣), Baoshan Cui(崔宝山), Yalu Zuo(左亚路), and Li Xi(席力). Orbital torque of Cr-induced magnetization switching in perpendicularly magnetized Pt/Co/Pt/Cr heterostructures[J]. 中国物理B, 2023, 32(3): 37502-037502.

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Orbital torque of Cr-induced magnetization switching in perpendicularly magnetized Pt/Co/Pt/Cr heterostructures

Orbital torque of Cr-induced magnetization switching in perpendicularly magnetized Pt/Co/Pt/Cr heterostructures

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