Manipulating the magnetic properties of MnBi2Te4 through electrochemical organic molecule intercalation

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/add5cf

中国物理B ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (8): 87302-087302.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/add5cf

Manipulating the magnetic properties of MnBi₂Te₄ through electrochemical organic molecule intercalation

Yu Du(杜钰)^1,4, Heng Zhang(张恒)¹, Fuwei Zhou(周福伟)¹, Tianqi Wang(王天奇)¹, Jiajun Li(李佳骏)¹, Wuyi Qi(戚无逸)¹, Yiying Zhang (张祎颖)¹, Yefan Yu(俞业凡)¹, Fucong Fei(费付聪)^1,†, and Fengqi Song(宋凤麒)^1,2,3,‡

1 National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, School of Materials Science and Intelligent Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Physical Science Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;
2 Atom Manufacturing Institute, Nanjing 211806, China;
3 Suzhou Laboratory, Suzhou 215000, China;
4 Suzhou Polytechnic University, Suzhou 215104, China

收稿日期:2025-04-07 修回日期:2025-05-01 接受日期:2025-05-08 出版日期:2025-07-17 发布日期:2025-08-19
通讯作者: Fucong Fei, Fengqi Song E-mail:feifucong@nju.edu.cn;songfengqi@nju.edu.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2022YFA1402404 and 2023YFA1406304), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 92161201, T2221003, 12104221, 12104220, 12274208, 12025404, 12004174, 91961101, T2394473, 62274085, 12374043, and U2032208), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant Nos. BK20230079, BK20243013, and BK20233001), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos. 020414380192 and 2024300432).

Manipulating the magnetic properties of MnBi₂Te₄ through electrochemical organic molecule intercalation

1 National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, School of Materials Science and Intelligent Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Physical Science Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;
2 Atom Manufacturing Institute, Nanjing 211806, China;
3 Suzhou Laboratory, Suzhou 215000, China;
4 Suzhou Polytechnic University, Suzhou 215104, China

Received:2025-04-07 Revised:2025-05-01 Accepted:2025-05-08 Online:2025-07-17 Published:2025-08-19
Contact: Fucong Fei, Fengqi Song E-mail:feifucong@nju.edu.cn;songfengqi@nju.edu.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2022YFA1402404 and 2023YFA1406304), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 92161201, T2221003, 12104221, 12104220, 12274208, 12025404, 12004174, 91961101, T2394473, 62274085, 12374043, and U2032208), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant Nos. BK20230079, BK20243013, and BK20233001), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos. 020414380192 and 2024300432).

1. 2025-087302-SI.pdf(837KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$, which is emerging as an intrinsic antiferromagnetic (AFM) topological insulator, provides a unique platform to investigate the interplay between magnetism and topology. Modulating its magnetic properties enables the observation of exotic quantum phenomena such as the quantum anomalous Hall effect, axion insulator states, and Majorana fermions. While the intercalation of Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$ can tune its magnetism, synthesizing pure-phase MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ with uniform Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$ intercalation remains challenging, and the fixed interlayer spacing of Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$ limits magnetic coupling tunability. Here, we utilize electrochemical organic molecule intercalation to expand the van der Waals gap of MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ and modulate its magnetic properties. Through x-ray diffraction (XRD) characterizations, we confirm that the interlayer spacing of MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ is expanded from 13.6 Å to 30.5 Å and 61.0 Å by intercalating quaternary ammonium cations (THA$^{+}$ and CTA$^{+}$), respectively. The THA-MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ exhibits dual complex magnetic behavior, combining AFM ordering with a Néel temperature ($T_{\rm N}$) of 12 K and a small ferromagnetic hysteresis loop at 2 K. The CTA-MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ shows robust ferromagnetism, with a Curie point ($T_{\rm C}$) of 15 K, similar to that of the MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ monolayer. These results demonstrate that remarkable changes in the magnetic properties of MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ can be achieved via electrochemical intercalation, providing new insights into manipulating magnetism in layered magnetic materials.

关键词: topological insulators, electrochemical intercalation, magnetism tuning, van der Waals magnetic materials

Abstract: MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$, which is emerging as an intrinsic antiferromagnetic (AFM) topological insulator, provides a unique platform to investigate the interplay between magnetism and topology. Modulating its magnetic properties enables the observation of exotic quantum phenomena such as the quantum anomalous Hall effect, axion insulator states, and Majorana fermions. While the intercalation of Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$ can tune its magnetism, synthesizing pure-phase MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ with uniform Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$ intercalation remains challenging, and the fixed interlayer spacing of Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$ limits magnetic coupling tunability. Here, we utilize electrochemical organic molecule intercalation to expand the van der Waals gap of MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ and modulate its magnetic properties. Through x-ray diffraction (XRD) characterizations, we confirm that the interlayer spacing of MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ is expanded from 13.6 Å to 30.5 Å and 61.0 Å by intercalating quaternary ammonium cations (THA$^{+}$ and CTA$^{+}$), respectively. The THA-MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ exhibits dual complex magnetic behavior, combining AFM ordering with a Néel temperature ($T_{\rm N}$) of 12 K and a small ferromagnetic hysteresis loop at 2 K. The CTA-MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ shows robust ferromagnetism, with a Curie point ($T_{\rm C}$) of 15 K, similar to that of the MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ monolayer. These results demonstrate that remarkable changes in the magnetic properties of MnBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ can be achieved via electrochemical intercalation, providing new insights into manipulating magnetism in layered magnetic materials.

Key words: topological insulators, electrochemical intercalation, magnetism tuning, van der Waals magnetic materials

中图分类号: (Electronic transport phenomena in thin films)

73.50.-h

75.70.Cn (Magnetic properties of interfaces (multilayers, superlattices, heterostructures)) 75.50.Pp (Magnetic semiconductors) 82.45.Aa (Electrochemical synthesis)

Yu Du(杜钰), Heng Zhang(张恒), Fuwei Zhou(周福伟), Tianqi Wang(王天奇), Jiajun Li(李佳骏), Wuyi Qi(戚无逸), Yiying Zhang (张祎颖), Yefan Yu(俞业凡), Fucong Fei(费付聪), and Fengqi Song(宋凤麒). Manipulating the magnetic properties of MnBi₂Te₄ through electrochemical organic molecule intercalation[J]. 中国物理B, 2025, 34(8): 87302-087302.

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Manipulating the magnetic properties of MnBi₂Te₄ through electrochemical organic molecule intercalation

Manipulating the magnetic properties of MnBi₂Te₄ through electrochemical organic molecule intercalation

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