中国物理B ›› 2017, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (8): 87502-087502.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/26/8/087502

• CONDENSED MATTER: ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE, ELECTRICAL, MAGNETIC, AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES • 上一篇    下一篇

Effects of Zr substitution on structural, morphological, and magnetic properties of bismuth iron oxide phases

A Asif, M Hassan, S Riaz, S Naseem, S S Hussain   

  1. 1 Materials Growth and Simulation Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore-54590, Pakistan;
    2 Center of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore-54590, Pakistan
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-23 修回日期:2017-05-01 出版日期:2017-08-05 发布日期:2017-08-05
  • 通讯作者: M Hassan E-mail:mahmood.physics@pu.edu.pk

Effects of Zr substitution on structural, morphological, and magnetic properties of bismuth iron oxide phases

A Asif1, M Hassan1, S Riaz2, S Naseem2, S S Hussain2   

  1. 1 Materials Growth and Simulation Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore-54590, Pakistan;
    2 Center of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore-54590, Pakistan
  • Received:2016-12-23 Revised:2017-05-01 Online:2017-08-05 Published:2017-08-05
  • Contact: M Hassan E-mail:mahmood.physics@pu.edu.pk
  • About author:0.1088/1674-1056/26/8/

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摘要：

The present study involves co-precipitation method to grow un-doped and Zr-doped bismuth iron oxide with xZr = 0.10-0.30. The molar solutions of ferric chloride (FeCl3), zirconyle chloride (ZrOCl2), and bismuth chloride (BiCl3) are prepared in distilled water, and are allowed to react with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The synthesized powders are then converted into pellets, which are sintered at 500 ℃ for two hours in a muffle furnace. X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows multi-phase formation in un-doped and Zr doped samples. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) depicts layered structure at low Zr concentration xZr = 0.10, while uniform surface with smaller grains and voids is observed at xZr = 0.20, but at xZr = 0.30, cracks and voids become prominent. The ferromagnetic nature of the un-doped sample is observed by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), while paramagnetic behavior appears due to Zr doping. The ferromagnetism in un-doped sample is lost by Zr doping, which is due to the formation of additional Fe-O-Zr bonds that induce paramagnetic behavior.

关键词: co-precipitation, multi-phases, ferromagnetism, paramagnetism, BiFeO3

Abstract:

The present study involves co-precipitation method to grow un-doped and Zr-doped bismuth iron oxide with xZr = 0.10-0.30. The molar solutions of ferric chloride (FeCl3), zirconyle chloride (ZrOCl2), and bismuth chloride (BiCl3) are prepared in distilled water, and are allowed to react with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The synthesized powders are then converted into pellets, which are sintered at 500 ℃ for two hours in a muffle furnace. X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows multi-phase formation in un-doped and Zr doped samples. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) depicts layered structure at low Zr concentration xZr = 0.10, while uniform surface with smaller grains and voids is observed at xZr = 0.20, but at xZr = 0.30, cracks and voids become prominent. The ferromagnetic nature of the un-doped sample is observed by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), while paramagnetic behavior appears due to Zr doping. The ferromagnetism in un-doped sample is lost by Zr doping, which is due to the formation of additional Fe-O-Zr bonds that induce paramagnetic behavior.

Key words: co-precipitation, multi-phases, ferromagnetism, paramagnetism, BiFeO3

中图分类号:  (Magnetic semiconductors)

  • 75.50.Pp
68.37.Hk (Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (including EBIC)) 61.05.cp (X-ray diffraction) 81.10.Dn (Growth from solutions)