Sodium chloride methanol solution spin-coating process for bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/25/8/088801

中国物理B ›› 2016, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (8): 88801-088801.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/25/8/088801

• INTERDISCIPLINARY PHYSICS AND RELATED AREAS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY • 上一篇下一篇

Sodium chloride methanol solution spin-coating process for bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells

1 Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;
2 Department of Physics, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China

收稿日期:2016-01-27 修回日期:2016-02-25 出版日期:2016-08-05 发布日期:2016-08-05
通讯作者: Yu-Feng Hu, Zhen-Bo Deng E-mail:yfhu@bjtu.edu.cn;zbdeng@bjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (Grant No. 2014JBZ009) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61274063, 61377028, 61475014, and 61475017).

Sodium chloride methanol solution spin-coating process for bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells

Tong-Fang Liu(刘统方)¹, Yu-Feng Hu(胡煜峰)¹, Zhen-Bo Deng(邓振波)¹, Xiong Li(李熊)², Li-Jie Zhu(朱丽杰)¹, Yue Wang(王越)¹, Long-Feng Lv(吕龙锋)¹, Tie-Ning Wang(王铁宁)¹, Zhi-Dong Lou(娄志东)¹, Yan-Bing Hou(侯延冰)¹, Feng Teng(滕枫)¹

1 Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;
2 Department of Physics, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China

Received:2016-01-27 Revised:2016-02-25 Online:2016-08-05 Published:2016-08-05
Contact: Yu-Feng Hu, Zhen-Bo Deng E-mail:yfhu@bjtu.edu.cn;zbdeng@bjtu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (Grant No. 2014JBZ009) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61274063, 61377028, 61475014, and 61475017).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： The sodium chloride methanol solution process is conducted on the conventional poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)/[6, 6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC₆₁BM) polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells. The device exhibits a power conversion efficiency of up to 3.36%, 18% higher than that of the device without the solution process. The measurements of the active layer by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) indicate a slight phase separation in the vertical direction and a sodium chloride distributed island-like interface between the active layer and the cathode. The capacitance-voltage (C-V) and impedance spectroscopy measurements prove that the sodium chloride methanol process can reduce the electron injection barrier and improve the interfacial contact of polymer solar cells. Therefore, this one-step solution process not only optimizes the phase separation in the active layers but also forms a cathode buffer layer, which can enhance the generation, transport, and collection of photogenerated charge carriers in the device simultaneously. This work indicates that the inexpensive and non-toxic sodium chloride methanol solution process is an efficient one-step method for the low cost manufacturing of polymer solar cells.

关键词: sodium chloride, methanol, polymer solar cell, phase separation

Abstract: The sodium chloride methanol solution process is conducted on the conventional poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)/[6, 6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC₆₁BM) polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells. The device exhibits a power conversion efficiency of up to 3.36%, 18% higher than that of the device without the solution process. The measurements of the active layer by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) indicate a slight phase separation in the vertical direction and a sodium chloride distributed island-like interface between the active layer and the cathode. The capacitance-voltage (C-V) and impedance spectroscopy measurements prove that the sodium chloride methanol process can reduce the electron injection barrier and improve the interfacial contact of polymer solar cells. Therefore, this one-step solution process not only optimizes the phase separation in the active layers but also forms a cathode buffer layer, which can enhance the generation, transport, and collection of photogenerated charge carriers in the device simultaneously. This work indicates that the inexpensive and non-toxic sodium chloride methanol solution process is an efficient one-step method for the low cost manufacturing of polymer solar cells.

Key words: sodium chloride, methanol, polymer solar cell, phase separation

中图分类号: (Organic photovoltaics)

88.40.jr

84.60.Jt (Photoelectric conversion) 64.75.St (Phase separation and segregation in thin films) 73.50.-h (Electronic transport phenomena in thin films)

刘统方, 胡煜峰, 邓振波, 李熊, 朱丽杰, 王越, 吕龙锋, 王铁宁, 娄志东, 侯延冰, 滕枫. Sodium chloride methanol solution spin-coating process for bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells[J]. 中国物理B, 2016, 25(8): 88801-088801.

Tong-Fang Liu(刘统方), Yu-Feng Hu(胡煜峰), Zhen-Bo Deng(邓振波), Xiong Li(李熊), Li-Jie Zhu(朱丽杰), Yue Wang(王越), Long-Feng Lv(吕龙锋), Tie-Ning Wang(王铁宁), Zhi-Dong Lou(娄志东), Yan-Bing Hou(侯延冰), Feng Teng(滕枫). Sodium chloride methanol solution spin-coating process for bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells[J]. Chin. Phys. B, 2016, 25(8): 88801-088801.

参考文献 35

[1]	Li G, Zhu R and Yang Y 2012 Nat. Photon. 6 153
[2]	Dou L, You J, Hong Z, Xu Z, Li G, Street R A and Yang Y 2013 Adv. Mater. 25 6642
[3]	Heeger A J 2014 Adv. Mater. 26 10
[4]	Yang F, Shtein M and Forrest S R 2005 Nat. Mater. 4 37
[5]	Blom P W M, Mihailetchi V D, Koster L J A and Markov D E 2007 Adv. Mater. 19 1551
[6]	Ma W, Yang C, Gong X, Lee K and Heeger A J 2005 Adv. Funct. Mater. 15 1617
[7]	Fan X, Zhao S L, Chen Y, Zhang J, Yang Q, Gong W, Xu Z and Xu X 2015 Chin. Phys. Lett. 32 161
[8]	Li G, Shrotriya V, Huang J, Yao Y, Moriarty T, Emery K and Yang Y 2005 Nat. Mater. 4 864
[9]	Xiao Z, Yuan Y, Yang B, VanDerslice J, Chen J, Dyck O, Duscher G and Huang J 2014 Adv. Mater. 26 3068
[10]	Yan S, Lv L, Ning Y, Qin L, Li C, Liu X, Hu Y, Lou Z, Teng F and Hou Y 2015 Phys. Status Solidi A 212 2169
[11]	Laquai F, Andrienko D, Mauer R and Blom P W M 2015 Macromol. Rapid Comm. 36 1001
[12]	Zhou H, Zhang Y, Seifter J, Collins S D, Luo C, Bazan G C, Nguyen T and Heeger A J 2013 Adv. Mater. 25 1646
[13]	Li H, Tang H, Li L, Xu W, Zhao X and Yang X 2011 J. Mater. Chem. 21 6563
[14]	Liu Y, Lv L, Ning Y, Lu Y, Lu Q, Zhang C, Fang Y, Tang A, Hu Y, Lou Z, Teng F and Hou Y 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 118802
[15]	Chen F, Chen Q, Mao L, Wang Y, Huang X, Lu W, Wang B and Chen L 2013 Nanotechnology 24 484011
[16]	Small C E, Chen S, Subbiah J, Amb C M, Tsang S, Lai T, Reynolds J R and So F 2012 Nat. Photon. 6 115
[17]	Sun Y, Seo J H, Takacs C J, Seifter J and Heeger A J 2011 Adv. Mater. 23 1679
[18]	Choi H, Park J S, Jeong E, Kim G H, Lee B R, Kim S O, Song M H, Woo H Y and Kim J Y 2011 Adv. Mater. 23 2759
[19]	Lv L, Lu Q, Ning Y, Lu Z, Wang X, Lou Z, Tang A, Hu Y, Teng F, Yin Y and Hou Y 2015 Chem. Mater. 27 44
[20]	De Boer B, Hadipour A, Mandoc M M, van Woudenbergh T and Blom P W 2005 Adv. Mater. 17 621
[21]	Brabec C J, Shaheen S E, Winder C, Sariciftci N S and Denk P 2002 Appl. Phys. Lett. 80 1288
[22]	Padinger F, Rittberger R S and Sariciftci N S 2003 Adv. Funct. Mater. 13 85
[23]	Huang J, Xu Z and Yang Y 2007 Adv. Funct. Mater. 17 1966
[24]	Li G, Chu C W, Shrotriya V, Huang J and Yang Y 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 253503
[25]	Reinhard M, Hanisch J, Zhang Z, Ahlswede E, Colsmann A and Lemmer U 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 53303
[26]	Nickel F, Reinhard M, Zhang Z, Pütz A, Kettlitz S, Lemmer U and Colsmann A 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 101 53309
[27]	Yahiro M, Zou D and Tsutsui T 2000 Synthetic Met. 111 245
[28]	Norrman K, Ma dsen M V, Gevorgyan S A and Krebs F C 2010 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132 16883
[29]	Shambayati S 2011 "Degradation of P3HT:PCBM-based Conjugated Polymer Solar Cells", MS Dissertation (Vancouver:University of British Columbia)
[30]	Zang H, Hsiao Y and Hu B 2014 Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16 4971
[31]	Zhang K, Hu Z, Duan C, Ying L, Huang F and Cao Y 2013 Nanotechnology 24 484003
[32]	Hsiao Y, Zang H, Ivanov I, Xu T, Lu L, Yu L and Hu B 2014 J. Appl. Phys. 115 154506
[33]	Seo J H, Gutacker A, Sun Y, Wu H, Huang F, Cao Y, Scherf U, Heeger A J and Bazan G C 2011 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133 8416
[34]	Leever B J, Bailey C A, Marks T J, Hersam M C and Durstock M F 2012 Adv. Energy Mater. 2 120
[35]	You J, Chen C, Dou L, Murase S, Duan H, Hawks S A, Xu T, Son H J, Yu L, Li G and Yang Y 2012 Adv. Mater. 24 5267

Sodium chloride methanol solution spin-coating process for bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells

Sodium chloride methanol solution spin-coating process for bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 35

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	Xin Liang(梁信), Hua Zhou(周华), Hui-Qiong Wang(王惠琼), Lihua Zhang(张丽华), Kim Kisslinger, and Junyong Kang(康俊勇). Nanoscale structural investigation of Zn_1-xMg_xO alloy films on polar and nonpolar ZnO substrates with different Mg contents[J]. 中国物理B, 2021, 30(9): 96107-096107.
[2]	Jinyang Liu(刘锦阳), Min Wu(武敏), Xinyi Yang(杨新一), Juan Ding(丁娟), Weiwei Lei(类伟巍), and Yongming Sui(隋永明). A rational design of bimetallic PdAu nanoflowers as efficient catalysts for methanol oxidation reaction[J]. 中国物理B, 2021, 30(5): 56102-056102.
[3]	Xinglei Zhang(张星蕾), Lixia Zhu(朱丽霞), Zhengran Wang(王正然), Bifa Cao(曹必发), Qiao Zhou(周悄), You Li(李尤), Bo Li(栗博), Hang Yin(尹航), and Ying Shi(石英). Theoretical investigation of fluorescence changes caused bymethanol bridge based on ESIPT reaction[J]. 中国物理B, 2021, 30(11): 118202-118202.
[4]	王艳, 谌庄琳, 夏益祺, 冯国强, 田文得. Phase separation and super diffusion of binary mixtures ofactive and passive particles[J]. 中国物理B, 2020, 29(5): 53103-053103.
[5]	任淦, 田时开. Supercooled liquids analogous fractional Stokes-Einstein relation in NaCl solution above room temperature[J]. 中国物理B, 2019, 28(7): 76107-076107.
[6]	刘佳, 张英华, 白智明, 黄志安, 高玉坤. Photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of methane into methanol and formic acid over ZnO/graphene/polyaniline catalyst[J]. 中国物理B, 2019, 28(4): 48101-048101.
[7]	钟远聪, 张琪伦, 魏优, 李琦, 章勇. Self-assembled monolayer modified copper(I) iodide hole transport layer for efficient polymer solar cells[J]. 中国物理B, 2018, 27(7): 78802-078802.
[8]	游梦婷, 韦芝良, 杨健, 崔晓红, 陈忠. Monitoring the formation of oil-water emulsions with a fast spatially resolved NMR spectroscopy method[J]. 中国物理B, 2018, 27(2): 28201-028201.
[9]	白晓军, 汪姚岑, 曹崇德. Metastable phase separation and rapid solidification of undercooled Co₄₀Fe₄₀Cu₂₀ alloy[J]. 中国物理B, 2018, 27(11): 116402-116402.
[10]	Mehdi Ahmadi,Sajjad Rashidi Dafeh,Samaneh Ghazanfarpour,Mohammad Khanzadeh. Inverted organic solar cells with solvothermal synthesized vanadium-doped TiO₂ thin films as efficient electron transport layer[J]. 中国物理B, 2017, 26(9): 97203-097203.
[11]	李潜, 王敦辉, 曹庆琪, 都有为. Nonvolatile control of transport and magnetic properties in magnetoelectric heterostructures by electric field[J]. 中国物理B, 2017, 26(9): 97502-097502.
[12]	孙颖慧, 赵永刚, 王荣明. Electric current-induced giant electroresistance in La_0.36Pr_0.265Ca_0.375MnO₃ thin films[J]. 中国物理B, 2017, 26(4): 47103-047103.
[13]	陈晓洁, 梁清. Combined effects of headgroup charge and tail unsaturation of lipids on lateral organization and diffusion of lipids in model biomembranes[J]. 中国物理B, 2017, 26(4): 48701-048701.
[14]	段云瑞, 李涛, 吴维康, 李洁, 周戌燕, 刘思达, 李辉. Spatial heterogeneity in liquid-liquid phase transition[J]. 中国物理B, 2017, 26(3): 36401-036401.
[15]	姜璐璐, 蒋玉荣, 张丛丛, 陈泽章, 秦瑞平, 马恒. Fullerene solar cells with cholesteric liquid crystal doping[J]. 中国物理B, 2016, 25(9): 98401-098401.