中国物理B ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 90303-090303.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ade1c5

所属专题： Featured Column — INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT

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A low-noise and high-stability DC source for superconducting quantum circuits

Daxiong Sun(孙大雄)1,2,3,†, Jiawei Zhang(张家蔚)1,2,3,†,‡, Peisheng Huang(黄培生)1,2,3, Yubin Zhang(张玉斌)2, Zechen Guo(郭泽臣)1,2,3, Tingjin Chen(陈庭槿)1,2,3, Rui Wang(王睿)2,3,4, Xuandong Sun(孙炫东)2,3,4, Jiajian Zhang(张家健)2, Wenhui Huang(黄文辉)1,2,3, Jiawei Qiu(邱嘉威)2, Ji Chu(储继)2, Ziyu Tao(陶子予)2, Weijie Guo(郭伟杰)2, Xiayu Linpeng(林彭夏雨)2, Ji Jiang(蒋骥)1,2,3, Jingjing Niu(牛晶晶)2,5, Youpeng Zhong(钟有鹏)1,2,3,5,§, and Dapeng Yu(俞大鹏)1,2,3,5   

  1. 1 Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518048, China;
    2 International Quantum Academy, Shenzhen 518048, China;
    3 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518048, China;
    4 Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518048, China;
    5 Shenzhen Branch, Hefei National Laboratory, Shenzhen 518048, China
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-01 修回日期:2025-06-01 接受日期:2025-06-06 出版日期:2025-08-21 发布日期:2025-08-28
  • 通讯作者: Jiawei Zhang, Youpeng Zhong E-mail:zhangjw2022@mail.sustech.edu.cn;zhongyp@sustech.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    Project supported by the Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality (Grant No. KQTD20210811090049034) and the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology (Grant No. 2021ZD0301703).

A low-noise and high-stability DC source for superconducting quantum circuits

Daxiong Sun(孙大雄)1,2,3,†, Jiawei Zhang(张家蔚)1,2,3,†,‡, Peisheng Huang(黄培生)1,2,3, Yubin Zhang(张玉斌)2, Zechen Guo(郭泽臣)1,2,3, Tingjin Chen(陈庭槿)1,2,3, Rui Wang(王睿)2,3,4, Xuandong Sun(孙炫东)2,3,4, Jiajian Zhang(张家健)2, Wenhui Huang(黄文辉)1,2,3, Jiawei Qiu(邱嘉威)2, Ji Chu(储继)2, Ziyu Tao(陶子予)2, Weijie Guo(郭伟杰)2, Xiayu Linpeng(林彭夏雨)2, Ji Jiang(蒋骥)1,2,3, Jingjing Niu(牛晶晶)2,5, Youpeng Zhong(钟有鹏)1,2,3,5,§, and Dapeng Yu(俞大鹏)1,2,3,5   

  1. 1 Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518048, China;
    2 International Quantum Academy, Shenzhen 518048, China;
    3 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518048, China;
    4 Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518048, China;
    5 Shenzhen Branch, Hefei National Laboratory, Shenzhen 518048, China
  • Received:2025-05-01 Revised:2025-06-01 Accepted:2025-06-06 Online:2025-08-21 Published:2025-08-28
  • Contact: Jiawei Zhang, Youpeng Zhong E-mail:zhangjw2022@mail.sustech.edu.cn;zhongyp@sustech.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality (Grant No. KQTD20210811090049034) and the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology (Grant No. 2021ZD0301703).

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摘要： With the rapid scaling of superconducting quantum processors, electronic control systems relying on commercial off-the-shelf instruments face critical bottlenecks in signal density, power consumption, and crosstalk mitigation. Here we present a custom dual-channel direct current (DC) source module (QPower) dedicated to large-scale superconducting quantum processors. The module delivers a voltage range of $\pm7$ V with 200 mA maximum current per channel, while achieving the following key performance benchmarks: noise spectral density of 20 nV/$\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ at 10 kHz, output ripple $<$500 μV$_{\mathrm{pp}}$ within 20 MHz bandwidth, and long-term voltage drift $<$5 μV$_{\mathrm{pp}}$ over 12 hours. Integrated into the control electronics of a 66-qubit quantum processor, QPower enables qubit coherence time of $T_1$ = 87.6 μs and Ramsey dephasing time of $T_2$ = 5.1 μs, with qubit resonance frequency drift constrained to $\pm40$ kHz during 12-hour operation. This modular design is compact in size and efficient in energy consumption, providing a scalable DC source solution for intermediate-scale quantum processors with stringent noise and stability requirements, with potential extensions to other quantum hardware platforms and precision measurement systems.

关键词: superconducting quantum circuits, superconducting qubit, low noise DC source

Abstract: With the rapid scaling of superconducting quantum processors, electronic control systems relying on commercial off-the-shelf instruments face critical bottlenecks in signal density, power consumption, and crosstalk mitigation. Here we present a custom dual-channel direct current (DC) source module (QPower) dedicated to large-scale superconducting quantum processors. The module delivers a voltage range of $\pm7$ V with 200 mA maximum current per channel, while achieving the following key performance benchmarks: noise spectral density of 20 nV/$\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ at 10 kHz, output ripple $<$500 μV$_{\mathrm{pp}}$ within 20 MHz bandwidth, and long-term voltage drift $<$5 μV$_{\mathrm{pp}}$ over 12 hours. Integrated into the control electronics of a 66-qubit quantum processor, QPower enables qubit coherence time of $T_1$ = 87.6 μs and Ramsey dephasing time of $T_2$ = 5.1 μs, with qubit resonance frequency drift constrained to $\pm40$ kHz during 12-hour operation. This modular design is compact in size and efficient in energy consumption, providing a scalable DC source solution for intermediate-scale quantum processors with stringent noise and stability requirements, with potential extensions to other quantum hardware platforms and precision measurement systems.

Key words: superconducting quantum circuits, superconducting qubit, low noise DC source

中图分类号:  (Quantum computation architectures and implementations)

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