All-microwave CZ gate based on fixed-frequency driven coupler

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/adb68a

中国物理B ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 40304-040304.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/adb68a

All-microwave CZ gate based on fixed-frequency driven coupler

Wanpeng Gao(高万鹏)^1,2, Xiaoliang He(何潇梁)^1,2, Zhengqi Niu(牛铮琦)^1,3, Daqiang Bao(包大强)¹, Kuang Liu(刘匡)¹, Junfeng Chen(陈俊锋)^1,2, Zhen Wang(王镇)^1,2,3, and Z. R. Lin(林志荣)^1,2,†

1 State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China;
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3 ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China

收稿日期:2025-01-23 修回日期:2025-02-14 接受日期:2025-02-17 出版日期:2025-04-15 发布日期:2025-04-15
通讯作者: Z. R. Lin E-mail:zrlin@mail.sim.ac.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province, China (Grant No. 2020B0303030002), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB0670000), and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2023YFB4404904).

All-microwave CZ gate based on fixed-frequency driven coupler

1 State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China;
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3 ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China

Received:2025-01-23 Revised:2025-02-14 Accepted:2025-02-17 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-04-15
Contact: Z. R. Lin E-mail:zrlin@mail.sim.ac.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province, China (Grant No. 2020B0303030002), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB0670000), and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2023YFB4404904).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： High-quality entangling gates are crucial for scalable quantum information processing. Implementing all-microwave two-qubit gates on fixed-frequency transmons offers advantages in reducing wiring complexity, but the gate performance is often limited due to the residual $ZZ$ interaction and the frequency crowding problem. Here, we introduce a novel scheme that enables a microwave drive-activated CZ gate compatible with the coupler structure to suppress the residual $ZZ$ interaction. The microwave drive is applied to the coupler and the microwave drive frequency remains far detuned from the system's transition frequency to alleviate the frequency crowding problem. We model the gate process analytically and demonstrate a theoretical gate fidelity up to 99.9% numerically. Our scheme is compatible with current coupler-structure-based circuits, and insensitive to microwave crosstalk, showing a possible path for all-microwave quantum operations at scale.

关键词: quantum computing, superconducting qubit, two-qubit gate

Abstract: High-quality entangling gates are crucial for scalable quantum information processing. Implementing all-microwave two-qubit gates on fixed-frequency transmons offers advantages in reducing wiring complexity, but the gate performance is often limited due to the residual $ZZ$ interaction and the frequency crowding problem. Here, we introduce a novel scheme that enables a microwave drive-activated CZ gate compatible with the coupler structure to suppress the residual $ZZ$ interaction. The microwave drive is applied to the coupler and the microwave drive frequency remains far detuned from the system's transition frequency to alleviate the frequency crowding problem. We model the gate process analytically and demonstrate a theoretical gate fidelity up to 99.9% numerically. Our scheme is compatible with current coupler-structure-based circuits, and insensitive to microwave crosstalk, showing a possible path for all-microwave quantum operations at scale.

Key words: quantum computing, superconducting qubit, two-qubit gate

中图分类号: (Quantum computation architectures and implementations)

03.67.Lx

Wanpeng Gao(高万鹏), Xiaoliang He(何潇梁), Zhengqi Niu(牛铮琦), Daqiang Bao(包大强), Kuang Liu(刘匡), Junfeng Chen(陈俊锋), Zhen Wang(王镇), and Z. R. Lin(林志荣). All-microwave CZ gate based on fixed-frequency driven coupler[J]. 中国物理B, 2025, 34(4): 40304-040304.

参考文献

[1] DiVincenzo D P 2000 Fortschritte der Physik 48 771
[2] Krantz P, Kjaergaard M, Yan F, Orlando T P, Gustavsson S and Oliver W D 2019 Appl. Phys. Rev. 6 021318
[3] Kwon S, Tomonaga A, Lakshmi Bhai G, Devitt S J and Tsai J S 2021 J. Appl. Phys. 129 041102
[4] Arute F, Arya K, Babbush R, et al. 2019 Nature 574 505
[5] Cao S, Wu B, Chen F, Gong M, Wu Y, Ye Y, Zha C, Qian H, Ying C, Guo S, Zhu Q, Huang H L, Zhao Y, Li S, Wang S, Yu J, Fan D, Wu D, Su H, Deng H, Rong H, Li Y, Zhang K, Chung T H, Liang F, Lin J, Xu Y, Sun L, Guo C, Li N, Huo Y H, Peng C Z, Lu C Y, Yuan X, Zhu X and Pan J W 2023 Nature 619 738
[6] Song C, Xu K, Li H, Zhang Y R, Zhang X, Liu W, Guo Q, Wang Z, Ren W, Hao J, Feng H, Fan H, Zheng D, Wang D W, Wang H and Zhu S Y 2019 Science 365 574
[7] Krinner S, Lacroix N, Remm A, Di Paolo A, Genois E, Leroux C, Hellings C, Lazar S, Swiadek F, Herrmann J, Norris G J, Andersen C K, Müller M, Blais A, Eichler C and Wallraff A 2022 Nature 605 669
[8] Bravyi S, Dial O, Gambetta J M, Gil D and Nazario Z 2022 J. Appl. Phys. 132 160902
[9] Reagor M, Osborn C B, Tezak N, et al. 2018 Science Advances 4 eaao3603
[10] Rigetti C and Devoret M 2010 Phys. Rev. B 81 134507
[11] Chow J M, Córcoles A D, Gambetta J M, Rigetti C, Johnson B R, Smolin J A, Rozen J R, Keefe G A, Rothwell M B, Ketchen M B and Steffen M 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 080502
[12] Mitchell B K, Naik R K, Morvan A, Hashim A, Kreikebaum J M, Marinelli B, LavrijsenW, Nowrouzi K, Santiago D I and Siddiqi I 2021 Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 200502
[13] Noguchi A, Osada A, Masuda S, Kono S, Heya K, Wolski S P, Takahashi H, Sugiyama T, Lachance-Quirion D and Nakamura Y 2020 Phys. Rev. A 102 062408
[14] Sete E A, Didier N, Chen A Q, Kulshreshtha S, Manenti R and Poletto S 2021 Phys. Rev. Appl. 16 024050
[15] Krinner S, Kurpiers P, Royer B, Magnard P, Tsitsilin I, Besse J C, Remm A, Blais A and Wallraff A 2020 Phys. Rev. Appl. 14 044039
[16] Shirai S, Okubo Y, Matsuura K, Osada A, Nakamura Y and Noguchi A 2023 Phys. Rev. Lett. 130 260601
[17] Setiawan F, Groszkowski P and Clerk A A 2023 Phys. Rev. Appl. 19 034071
[18] Li S, Fan D, Gong M, Ye Y, Chen X, Wu Y, Guan H, Deng H, Rong H, Huang H, L et al. 2022 Chin. Phys. Lett. 39 030302
[19] Paik H, Mezzacapo A, Sandberg M, McClure D T, Abdo B, Córcoles A D, Dial O, Bogorin D F, Plourde B L T, Steffen M, Cross AW, Gambetta J M and Chow J M 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 250502
[20] Yan F, Krantz P, Sung Y, Kjaergaard M, Campbell D L, Orlando T P, Gustavsson S and Oliver W D 2018 Phys. Rev. Applied 10 054062
[21] Xu Y, Chu J, Yuan J, Qiu J, Zhou Y, Zhang L, Tan X, Yu Y, Liu S, Li J, et al. 2020 Phys. Rev. Lett. 125 240503
[22] Collodo M C, Herrmann J, Lacroix N, Andersen C K, Remm A, Lazar S, Besse J C, Walter T, Wallraff A and Eichler C 2020 Phys. Rev. Lett. 125 240502
[23] Xu H, Liu W, Li Z, Han J, Zhang J, Linghu K, Li Y, Chen M, Yang Z, Wang J, et al. 2021 Chin. Phys. B 30 044212
[24] Ye Y, Cao S, Wu Y, Chen X, Zhu Q, Li S, Chen F, Gong M, Zha C, Huang H L, et al. 2021 Chin. Phys. Lett. 38 100301
[25] Anandan J 1992 Nature 360 307
[26] Sjöqvist E 2015 International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 115 1311
[27] Lescanne R, Deléglise S, Albertinale E, Réglade U, Capelle T, Ivanov E, Jacqmin T, Leghtas Z and Flurin E 2020 Phys. Rev. X 10 021038
[28] Paolo A D, Leroux C, Hazard T M, Serniak K, Gustavsson S, Blais A and Oliver W D 2022 arXiv:2204.08098quant-ph]
[29] Johansson J R, Nation P D and Nori F 2012 Computer Physics Communications 183 1760
[30] Johansson J, Nation P and Nori F 2013 Computer Physics Communications 184 1234
[31] Li R, Kubo K, Ho Y, Yan Z, Nakamura Y and Goto H 2024 Phys. Rev. X 14 041050
[32] Motzoi F, Gambetta J M, Rebentrost P and Wilhelm F K 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 110501
[33] Werninghaus M, Egger D J, Roy F, Machnes S,Wilhelm F K and Filipp S 2021 npj Quantum Information 7 14
[34] Schulte-Herbrüggen T, Glaser S J, Dirr G and Helmke U 2010 Reviews in Mathematical Physics 22 597
[35] Caneva T, Calarco T and Montangero S 2011 Phys. Rev. A 84 022326

All-microwave CZ gate based on fixed-frequency driven coupler

All-microwave CZ gate based on fixed-frequency driven coupler

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	Dongyang Feng(冯东阳), Hanyan Cao(曹涵彦), and Pan Zhang(张潘). Planar: A software for exact decoding quantum error correction codes with planar structure[J]. 中国物理B, 2025, 34(5): 50311-050311.
[2]	Zilu Chen(陈子禄), Zhijin Guan(管致锦), Shuxian Zhao(赵书娴), and Xueyun Cheng(程学云). Distributed quantum circuit partitioning and optimization based on combined spectral clustering and search tree strategies[J]. 中国物理B, 2025, 34(5): 50305-050305.
[3]	Ning Chu(楚凝), Sheng-Kai Zhu(祝圣凯), Ao-Ran Li(李傲然), Chu Wang(王储), Wei-Zhu Liao(廖伟筑), Gang Cao(曹刚), Hai-Ou Li(李海欧), and Guo-Ping Guo(郭国平). RF detection of split-gate modes in Si-MOS quantum dots[J]. 中国物理B, 2025, 34(4): 40303-040303.
[4]	Jing-Bo Wang(汪景波). Robust quantum gate optimization with first-order derivatives of ion-phonon and ion-ion couplings in trapped ions[J]. 中国物理B, 2025, 34(4): 40302-040302.
[5]	Zhi-Peng Yang(杨智鹏), Yu-Ran Zhang(张煜然), Fu-Li Li(李福利), and Heng Fan(范桁). Delayed-measurement one-way quantum computing on cloud quantum computer[J]. 中国物理B, 2024, 33(9): 90304-090304.
[6]	Dong-Sheng Wang(王东升). A family of quantum von Neumann architecture[J]. 中国物理B, 2024, 33(8): 80302-080302.
[7]	Xiang Guan(关翔), Jie Fan(樊洁), Yong-Bo Bian(边勇波), Zhi-Gang Cheng(程智刚), and Zhong-Qing Ji(姬忠庆). Development of 400-μW cryogen-free dilution refrigerators for quantum experiments[J]. 中国物理B, 2024, 33(7): 70701-070701.
[8]	Rong-Long Ma(马荣龙), Ming Ni(倪铭), Yu-Chen Zhou(周雨晨), Zhen-Zhen Kong(孔真真), Gui-Lei Wang(王桂磊), Di Liu(刘頔), Gang Luo(罗刚), Gang Cao(曹刚), Hai-Ou Li(李海欧), and Guo-Ping Guo(郭国平). Electric field dependence of spin qubit in a Si-MOS quantum dot[J]. 中国物理B, 2024, 33(6): 60312-060312.
[9]	Shuang Wang(王爽), Ke-Han Wang(王柯涵), Tao Cheng(程涛), Run-Sheng Zhao(赵润盛), Hong-Yang Ma(马鸿洋), and Shuai Guo(郭帅). Design of a novel hybrid quantum deep neural network in INEQR images classification[J]. 中国物理B, 2024, 33(6): 60310-060310.
[10]	Ting-Yu Luo(骆挺宇), Yu-Zhen Zheng(郑宇真), Xiang Fu(付祥), and Yu-Xin Deng(邓玉欣). Automatic architecture design for distributed quantum computing[J]. 中国物理B, 2024, 33(12): 120302-120302.
[11]	Jiawei Zhang(张家蔚), Xuandong Sun(孙炫东), Zechen Guo(郭泽臣), Yuefeng Yuan(袁跃峰), Yubin Zhang(张玉斌), Ji Chu(储继), Wenhui Huang(黄文辉), Yongqi Liang(梁咏棋), Jiawei Qiu(邱嘉威), Daxiong Sun(孙大雄), Ziyu Tao(陶子予), Jiajian Zhang(张家健), Weijie Guo(郭伟杰), Ji Jiang(蒋骥), Xiayu Linpeng(林彭夏雨), Yang Liu(刘阳), Wenhui Ren(任文慧), Jingjing Niu(牛晶晶), Youpeng Zhong(钟有鹏), and Dapeng Yu(俞大鹏). M²CS: A microwave measurement and control system for large-scale superconducting quantum processors[J]. 中国物理B, 2024, 33(12): 120309-120309.
[12]	Yujia Zhang(张宇佳), Yu Zhang(张钰), Shaoxiong Li(李邵雄), Wen Zheng(郑文), and Yang Yu(于扬). Diagnosing quantum crosstalk in superconducting quantum chips by using out-of-time-order correlators[J]. 中国物理B, 2024, 33(11): 110306-110306.
[13]	Haisheng Yan(严海生), Shoukuan Zhao(赵寿宽), Zhongcheng Xiang(相忠诚), Ziting Wang(王子婷), Zhaohua Yang(杨钊华), Kai Xu(许凯), Ye Tian(田野), Haifeng Yu(于海峰), Dongning Zheng(郑东宁), Heng Fan(范桁), and Shiping Zhao(赵士平). Calibration and cancellation of microwave crosstalk in superconducting circuits[J]. 中国物理B, 2023, 32(9): 94203-094203.
[14]	Yang-Qing Guo(郭羊青), Ping-Xing Chen(陈平形), and Jian Li(李剑). Entanglement properties of superconducting qubits coupled to a semi-infinite transmission line[J]. 中国物理B, 2023, 32(6): 60302-060302.
[15]	Yuan Zhou(周圆), Gang Cao(曹刚), Hai-Ou Li(李海欧), and Guo-Ping Guo(郭国平). Energy shift and subharmonics induced by nonlinearity in a quantum dot system[J]. 中国物理B, 2023, 32(6): 60303-060303.