中国物理B ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 57601-057601.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ae194e

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Magnetism and magnetic anisotropy in Nb3Cl8 revealed by electron spin resonance

Ubaid Raza1,2, Zhijie Ma(马之杰)1, Fangwei Wang(王芳卫)1,2, Youguo Shi(石友国)1, Lunhua He(何伦华)1,2, and Liqin Yan(闫丽琴)1,2,†   

  1. 1 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
    2 School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-04 修回日期:2025-10-17 接受日期:2025-10-30 发布日期:2026-05-11
  • 通讯作者: Liqin Yan E-mail:lqyan@iphy.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52088101, 12174425, and U23A20550).

Magnetism and magnetic anisotropy in Nb3Cl8 revealed by electron spin resonance

Ubaid Raza1,2, Zhijie Ma(马之杰)1, Fangwei Wang(王芳卫)1,2, Youguo Shi(石友国)1, Lunhua He(何伦华)1,2, and Liqin Yan(闫丽琴)1,2,†   

  1. 1 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
    2 School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • Received:2025-08-04 Revised:2025-10-17 Accepted:2025-10-30 Published:2026-05-11
  • Contact: Liqin Yan E-mail:lqyan@iphy.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52088101, 12174425, and U23A20550).

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摘要： This study investigates the microscopic spin dynamics and anisotropic magnetic behavior in van der Waals kagome magnet Nb$_3$Cl$_8$ by employing electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy on both powder and single-crystal samples over the temperature range of 5 K-300 K. The effective $g$, peak to peak linewidths ($\Delta H_{\rm pp}$), and double integrated intensities ($I$) were extracted from the ESR spectra to analyze the temperature-dependent evolution of spin-orbit coupling and spin-spin interactions. The formation of singlet ground state in single crystal Nb$_3$Cl$_8$ at $T^*\sim100$ K is observed, evidenced by the maximum $\Delta H_{\rm pp}$ and $g$ at $T^*$, along with the decrease in intensity $I$, which is consistent to the reported non-magnetic transition in the single-crystal Nb$_3$Cl$_8$. Moreover, the spectral difference between $H\parallel c$ and $H\bot c$ configurations imply subtle magnetic anisotropy in single crystal Nb$_3$Cl$_8$. However, there is no non-magnetic transition was observed in powder Nb$_3$Cl$_8$ since the parameters of $\Delta H_{\rm pp}$ and $I$ keep stable at $T^*$. It might be attributed to the grain averaging and random orientation effects. Our study provides valuable insights into the magnetic interplay in Nb$_3$Cl$_8$ and prove the potential of ESR spectroscopy as a powerful tool for probing the intrinsic magnetism.

关键词: Nb$_3$Cl$_8$, ESR spectroscopy, spin dynamics, magnetic anisotropy

Abstract: This study investigates the microscopic spin dynamics and anisotropic magnetic behavior in van der Waals kagome magnet Nb$_3$Cl$_8$ by employing electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy on both powder and single-crystal samples over the temperature range of 5 K-300 K. The effective $g$, peak to peak linewidths ($\Delta H_{\rm pp}$), and double integrated intensities ($I$) were extracted from the ESR spectra to analyze the temperature-dependent evolution of spin-orbit coupling and spin-spin interactions. The formation of singlet ground state in single crystal Nb$_3$Cl$_8$ at $T^*\sim100$ K is observed, evidenced by the maximum $\Delta H_{\rm pp}$ and $g$ at $T^*$, along with the decrease in intensity $I$, which is consistent to the reported non-magnetic transition in the single-crystal Nb$_3$Cl$_8$. Moreover, the spectral difference between $H\parallel c$ and $H\bot c$ configurations imply subtle magnetic anisotropy in single crystal Nb$_3$Cl$_8$. However, there is no non-magnetic transition was observed in powder Nb$_3$Cl$_8$ since the parameters of $\Delta H_{\rm pp}$ and $I$ keep stable at $T^*$. It might be attributed to the grain averaging and random orientation effects. Our study provides valuable insights into the magnetic interplay in Nb$_3$Cl$_8$ and prove the potential of ESR spectroscopy as a powerful tool for probing the intrinsic magnetism.

Key words: Nb$_3$Cl$_8$, ESR spectroscopy, spin dynamics, magnetic anisotropy

中图分类号:  (Electron paramagnetic resonance and relaxation)

  • 76.30.-v
71.70.Ej (Spin-orbit coupling, Zeeman and Stark splitting, Jahn-Teller effect) 76.60.Es (Relaxation effects) 75.30.Gw (Magnetic anisotropy)