Response of the C4 magnetic phase in iron-based superconductors to electronic structure tuning via doping/uniaxial strain

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ae3c8e

中国物理B ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 57404-057404.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ae3c8e

Response of the C4 magnetic phase in iron-based superconductors to electronic structure tuning via doping/uniaxial strain

Li-Li Meng(孟丽丽)¹, Ting-Ting Han(韩婷婷)¹, Yu-Jing Ren(任宇靖)¹, Jing-Zhi Chen(陈景芝)¹, Peng-Hao Yuan(袁鹏浩)¹, and Yan Zhang(张焱)^1,2,†

1 International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
2 Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China

收稿日期:2025-11-28 修回日期:2026-01-20 接受日期:2026-01-23 发布日期:2026-04-24
通讯作者: Yan Zhang E-mail:yzhang85@pku.edu.cn
基金资助:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12474129) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFA1403502).

Response of the C4 magnetic phase in iron-based superconductors to electronic structure tuning via doping/uniaxial strain

Li-Li Meng(孟丽丽)¹, Ting-Ting Han(韩婷婷)¹, Yu-Jing Ren(任宇靖)¹, Jing-Zhi Chen(陈景芝)¹, Peng-Hao Yuan(袁鹏浩)¹, and Yan Zhang(张焱)^1,2,†

1 International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
2 Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China

Received:2025-11-28 Revised:2026-01-20 Accepted:2026-01-23 Published:2026-04-24
Contact: Yan Zhang E-mail:yzhang85@pku.edu.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12474129) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFA1403502).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： Elucidating how magnetic interactions are established in high-temperature superconductors is crucial for resolving the long-standing puzzle of the superconducting pairing mechanism. However, for iron-based superconductors, due to the diversity of their magnetic and electronic structures, the mechanism of magnetic interactions remains controversial. Here, we employed in-situ alkali-metal deposition and uniaxial strain to tune the four-fold (C4) magnetic phase in Sr$_{0.64}$Na$_{0.36}$Fe$_{2}$As$_{2}$ and utilized angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) to probe the response of its electronic structure. We found that the alkali-metal deposition suppresses the C4 magnetic phase effectively, driving the system into a stripe spin density wave phase with two-fold rotational (C2) symmetry. Counterintuitively, the uniaxial strain that naturally breaks the C4 rotational symmetry of the lattice exerts only a limited suppressive effect on the C4 magnetic phase. While the sensitivity of C4 magnetic phase to electron doping implies that the orbital selectivity of Fermi surface nesting plays a critical role in determining the magnetic configuration, validating the contribution of itinerant electrons in mediating the magnetic fluctuations, the insensitivity of the C4 magnetic phase to uniaxial strain suggests that the nematic order exhibits no intermediate correlation with the magnetism in iron-based superconductors. Our results provide crucial clues for a comprehensive understanding of the complex phase diagram of iron-based superconductors.

关键词: iron-based superconductors, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, spin density wave

Abstract: Elucidating how magnetic interactions are established in high-temperature superconductors is crucial for resolving the long-standing puzzle of the superconducting pairing mechanism. However, for iron-based superconductors, due to the diversity of their magnetic and electronic structures, the mechanism of magnetic interactions remains controversial. Here, we employed in-situ alkali-metal deposition and uniaxial strain to tune the four-fold (C4) magnetic phase in Sr$_{0.64}$Na$_{0.36}$Fe$_{2}$As$_{2}$ and utilized angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) to probe the response of its electronic structure. We found that the alkali-metal deposition suppresses the C4 magnetic phase effectively, driving the system into a stripe spin density wave phase with two-fold rotational (C2) symmetry. Counterintuitively, the uniaxial strain that naturally breaks the C4 rotational symmetry of the lattice exerts only a limited suppressive effect on the C4 magnetic phase. While the sensitivity of C4 magnetic phase to electron doping implies that the orbital selectivity of Fermi surface nesting plays a critical role in determining the magnetic configuration, validating the contribution of itinerant electrons in mediating the magnetic fluctuations, the insensitivity of the C4 magnetic phase to uniaxial strain suggests that the nematic order exhibits no intermediate correlation with the magnetism in iron-based superconductors. Our results provide crucial clues for a comprehensive understanding of the complex phase diagram of iron-based superconductors.

Key words: iron-based superconductors, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, spin density wave

中图分类号: (Pnictides and chalcogenides)

74.70.Xa

79.60.-i (Photoemission and photoelectron spectra) 74.25.Jb (Electronic structure (photoemission, etc.)) 75.30.Fv (Spin-density waves)

Li-Li Meng(孟丽丽), Ting-Ting Han(韩婷婷), Yu-Jing Ren(任宇靖), Jing-Zhi Chen(陈景芝), Peng-Hao Yuan(袁鹏浩), and Yan Zhang(张焱). Response of the C4 magnetic phase in iron-based superconductors to electronic structure tuning via doping/uniaxial strain[J]. 中国物理B, 2026, 35(5): 57404-057404.

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Response of the C4 magnetic phase in iron-based superconductors to electronic structure tuning via doping/uniaxial strain

Response of the C4 magnetic phase in iron-based superconductors to electronic structure tuning via doping/uniaxial strain

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