Simultaneous frequency stabilization of two 1550-nm lasers at single-photon level

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ade072

中国物理B ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 44208-044208.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ade072

Simultaneous frequency stabilization of two 1550-nm lasers at single-photon level

Bo Yu(于波)^1,†, Zhenqiang Yin(银振强)^2,3,4,5, Weijie Ding(丁伟杰)¹, Hui Yang(杨慧)¹, and Weixin Liu(刘伟新)¹

1 Department of Physics, Xinzhou Normal University, Xinzhou 034000, China;
2 CAS (Chinese Academy of Sciences) Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
3 CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
4 Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China;
5 Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Network, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

收稿日期:2025-04-21 修回日期:2025-06-03 接受日期:2025-06-04 发布日期:2026-04-01
通讯作者: Bo Yu E-mail:yb@xztu.edu.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province, China (Grant No. 202403021211084) and the Science and Technology Program of Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province, China (Grant No. 20240509).

Simultaneous frequency stabilization of two 1550-nm lasers at single-photon level

Bo Yu(于波)^1,†, Zhenqiang Yin(银振强)^2,3,4,5, Weijie Ding(丁伟杰)¹, Hui Yang(杨慧)¹, and Weixin Liu(刘伟新)¹

1 Department of Physics, Xinzhou Normal University, Xinzhou 034000, China;
2 CAS (Chinese Academy of Sciences) Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
3 CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
4 Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China;
5 Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Network, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

Received:2025-04-21 Revised:2025-06-03 Accepted:2025-06-04 Published:2026-04-01
Contact: Bo Yu E-mail:yb@xztu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province, China (Grant No. 202403021211084) and the Science and Technology Program of Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province, China (Grant No. 20240509).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： The twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) requires that two lasers hundreds of kilometers apart must have the same frequency to achieve the high single-photon interference visibility. This means that both lasers need to be stabilized to the same frequency reference. A simple and robust system is presented for simultaneously stabilizing two 1550-nm lasers at the single-photon level. By utilizing the single-photon multi-frequency modulation technology, both the fiber laser and distributed feedback (DFB) laser are stabilized to the $\pi $-phase shifted fiber Bragg grating at the same time. The frequency fluctuations of fiber laser and DFB laser are bounded within 1.39 MHz and 1.53 MHz over 2000 s, respectively. These two frequency-stabilized 1550-nm lasers could be used for TF-QKD.

关键词: single-photon multi-frequency modulation, frequency stabilization, π-phase shifted fiber Bragg grating

Abstract: The twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) requires that two lasers hundreds of kilometers apart must have the same frequency to achieve the high single-photon interference visibility. This means that both lasers need to be stabilized to the same frequency reference. A simple and robust system is presented for simultaneously stabilizing two 1550-nm lasers at the single-photon level. By utilizing the single-photon multi-frequency modulation technology, both the fiber laser and distributed feedback (DFB) laser are stabilized to the $\pi $-phase shifted fiber Bragg grating at the same time. The frequency fluctuations of fiber laser and DFB laser are bounded within 1.39 MHz and 1.53 MHz over 2000 s, respectively. These two frequency-stabilized 1550-nm lasers could be used for TF-QKD.

Key words: single-photon multi-frequency modulation, frequency stabilization, π-phase shifted fiber Bragg grating

中图分类号: (Lasers)

42.55.-f

42.60.Fc (Modulation, tuning, and mode locking) 42.79.Dj (Gratings)

Bo Yu(于波), Zhenqiang Yin(银振强), Weijie Ding(丁伟杰), Hui Yang(杨慧), and Weixin Liu(刘伟新). Simultaneous frequency stabilization of two 1550-nm lasers at single-photon level[J]. 中国物理B, 2026, 35(4): 44208-044208.

Bo Yu(于波), Zhenqiang Yin(银振强), Weijie Ding(丁伟杰), Hui Yang(杨慧), and Weixin Liu(刘伟新). Simultaneous frequency stabilization of two 1550-nm lasers at single-photon level[J]. Chin. Phys. B, 2026, 35(4): 44208-044208.

参考文献

[1] Ekert A K 1991 Phys. Rev. Lett. 67 661
[2] Lütkenhaus N and Shields A J 2009 New J. Phys. 11 045005
[3] Scarani V, Bechmann-Pasquinucci H, Cerf N J, Dušek M, Lütkenhaus N and Peev M 2009 Rev. Mod. Phys. 81 1301
[4] Xu F H, Ma X F, Zhang Q, Lo H K and Pan J W 2020 Rev. Mod. Phys. 92 025002
[5] Portmann C and Renner R 2022 Rev. Mod. Phys. 94 025008
[6] Lucamarini M, Yuan Z L, Dynes J F and Shields A J 2018 Nature 557 400
[7] Lo H K, Curty M and Qi B 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 130503
[8] Ma X F and Razavi M 2012 Phys. Rev. A 86 062319
[9] Tang Y L, Yin H L, Chen S J, Liu Y, Zhang W J, Jiang X, Zhang L, Wang J, You L X, Guan J Y, Yang D X, Wang Z, Liang H, Zhang Z, Zhou N, Ma X, Chen T Y, Zhang Q and Pan J W 2015 IEEE J. Sel. Topics Quantum Electron. 21 6600407
[10] Tang Z, Wei K, Bedroya O, Qian L and Lo H K 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 042308
[11] Yin H L, Chen T Y, Yu ZW, Liu H, You L X, Zhou Y H, Chen S J, Mao Y, Huang M Q, ZhangWJ, Chen H, Li M J, Nolan D, Zhou F, Jiang X, Wang Z, Zhang Q, Wang X B and Pan J W 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 190501
[12] Wang C, Yin Z Q,Wang S, ChenW, Guo G C and Han Z F 2017 Optica 4 1016
[13] Liu J Y, Ma X, Ding H J, Zhang C H, Zhou X Y and Wang Q 2023 Phys. Rev. A 108 022605
[14] Ma X F, Zeng P and Zhou H Y 2018 Phys. Rev. X 8 031043
[15] Wang X B, Yu Z W and Hu X L 2018 Phys Rev. A 98 062323
[16] Yu Z W, Hu X L, Jiang C, Xu H and Wang X B 2019 Sci. Rep. 9 3080
[17] Lin J and Lütkenhaus N 2018 Phys. Rev. A 98 042332
[18] Cui C, Yin Z Q,Wang R, ChenW,Wang S, Guo G C and Han Z F 2019 Phys. Rev. Appl. 11 034053
[19] Curty M, Azuma K and Lo H K 2019 Quantum Inf. 5 64
[20] Zhou Y, Yin Z Q, Wang R Q, Wang S, Chen W, Guo G C and Han Z F 2022 Phys. Rev. Appl. 18 054026
[21] Minder M, Pittaluga M, Roberts G L, Lucamarini M, Dynes J F, Yuan Z L and Shields A J 2019 Nat. Photon. 13 334
[22] Chen J P, Zhang C, Liu Y, Jiang C, Zhang W, Hu X L, Guan J Y, Yu Z W, Xu H, Lin J, Li M J, Chen H, Li H, You L, Wang Z, Wang X B, Zhang Q and Pan J W 2020 Phys. Rev. Lett. 124 070501
[23] Chen J P, Zhang C, Liu Y, Jiang C, ZhangWJ, Han Z Y, Ma S Z, Hu X L, Li Y H, Liu H, Zhou F, Jiang H F, Chen T Y, Li H, You L X, Wang Z, Wang X B, Zhang Q and Pan J W 2021 Nat. Photon. 15 570
[24] Liu Y, Zhang W J, Jiang C, Chen J P, Zhang C, Pan W X, Ma D, Dong H, Xiong J M, Zhang C J, Li H, Wang R C, Wu J, Chen T Y, You L, Wang X B, Zhang Q and Pan J W 2023 Phys. Rev. Lett. 130 210801
[25] Black E D 2001 Am. J. Phys. 69 79
[26] Han C Y, Zhou M, Gao Q, Li S Y, Zhang S, Qiao H, Ai D, Zhang M Y, Lou G, Luo L M and Xu X Y 2018 Laser Phys. Lett. 15 045702
[27] Zeng Y, Wang K P, Liu Y Y, He X D, Liu M, Xu P, Wang J and Zhan M S 2018 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 35 454
[28] Wang D Y, BuWH, Xie D Z, Chen T and Yan B 2018 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 35 1658
[29] Cliché J F, Painchaud Y, Latrasse C, Picard M J, Alexandre I and Têtu M 2007 OSA Technical Digest paper BTuE2
[30] Chow J H, Sheard B S, McClelland D E and Gray M 2005 Opt. Lett. 30 708
[31] Ding M, Chen D J, Fang Z J, Wang D, Zhang X, Wei F, Yang F, Ying K and Cai H W 2016 Opt. Express 24 25370
[32] Yu B, Hu J Y, Jing M Y, Zhang G F, Xiao L T and Jia S T 2016 Laser Phys. 26 105104

Simultaneous frequency stabilization of two 1550-nm lasers at single-photon level

Simultaneous frequency stabilization of two 1550-nm lasers at single-photon level

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 12

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	Junlong Han(韩俊龙), Bowen Wang(王博闻), Junhe Zheng(郑俊鹤), Shuyuan Chen(陈书源),Wei Xiao(肖伟), Teng Wu(吴腾), Hong Guo(郭弘), and Xiang Peng(彭翔). Saturated absorption spectrum of cesium micrometric-thin cell with suppressed crossover spectral lines[J]. 中国物理B, 2023, 32(7): 73201-073201.
[2]	Yueting Zhou(周月婷), Gang Zhao(赵刚), Jianxin Liu(刘建鑫), Xiaojuan Yan(闫晓娟), Zhixin Li(李志新), Weiguang Ma(马维光), and Suotang Jia(贾锁堂). Generation of stable and tunable optical frequency linked to a radio frequency by use of a high finesse cavity and its application in absorption spectroscopy[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(6): 64206-064206.
[3]	Yang-Yang Liu(刘杨洋), Zhuo Fu(付卓), Peng Xu(许鹏), Xiao-Dong He(何晓东), Jin Wang(王谨), and Ming-Sheng Zhan(詹明生). Spectral filtering of dual lasers with a high-finesse length-tunable cavity for rubidium atom Rydberg excitation[J]. 中国物理B, 2021, 30(7): 74203-074203.
[4]	申丹娜, 丁亮宇, 张球新, 朱晨昊, 王玉欣, 张威, 张翔. High-performance frequency stabilization of ultraviolet diode lasers by using dichroic atomic vapor spectroscopy and transfer cavity[J]. 中国物理B, 2020, 29(7): 74210-074210.
[5]	张临杰, 张好, 赵延霆, 肖连团, 贾锁堂. Non-crossover sub-Doppler DAVLL in selective reflection scheme[J]. 中国物理B, 2019, 28(8): 84211-084211.
[6]	茹宁, 王宇, 马慧娟, 胡栋, 张力, 樊尚春. Flexible control of semiconductor laser with frequency tunable modulation transfer spectroscopy[J]. 中国物理B, 2018, 27(7): 74201-074201.
[7]	张颜艳, 闫露露, 赵文宇, 孟森, 樊松涛, 张龙, 郭文阁, 张首刚, 姜海峰. A long-term frequency-stabilized erbium-fiber-laser-based optical frequency comb with an intra-cavity electro-optic modulator[J]. 中国物理B, 2015, 24(6): 64209-064209.
[8]	冯国胜, 武寄洲, 王晓锋, 郑宁宣, 李玉清, 马杰, 肖连团, 贾锁堂. Arbitrary frequency stabilization of a diode laser based on visual Labview PID VI and sound card output[J]. 中国物理B, 2015, 24(10): 104211-104211.
[9]	王文丽, 叶捷, 蒋海灵, 毕志毅, 马龙生, 徐信业. Frequency stabilization of a 399-nm laser by modulation transfer spectroscopy in an ytterbium hollow cathode lamp[J]. 中国物理B, 2011, 20(1): 13201-013201.
[10]	刘国宾, 赵峰, 顾思洪. Study of a low power dissipation, miniature laser-pumped rubidium frequency standard[J]. 中国物理B, 2009, 18(9): 3839-3843.
[11]	蒋燕义, 毕志毅, 徐信业, 马龙生. Two-hertz-linewidth Nd:YAG lasers at 1064nm stabilized to vertically mounted ultra-stable cavities[J]. 中国物理B, 2008, 17(6): 2152-2155.
[12]	杨涛, 李文博, 臧二军, 陈李生. Decreased vibrational susceptibility of Fabry--Perot cavities via designs of geometry and structural support[J]. 中国物理B, 2007, 16(5): 1374-1384.