Critical exponents near the Liouvillian exceptional structure in Rydberg vapors

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/adfb57

中国物理B ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 30302-030302.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/adfb57

Critical exponents near the Liouvillian exceptional structure in Rydberg vapors

Chuanming Li(李传铭)¹, Konghao Sun(孙孔浩)^2,†, and Wei Yi(易为)^1,3,4,5

1 Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
2 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China;
3 Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Network, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
4 CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei 230026, China;
5 Anhui Center for Fundamental Sciences in Theoretical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 China

收稿日期:2025-06-09 修回日期:2025-07-24 接受日期:2025-08-14 出版日期:2026-02-11 发布日期:2026-03-10
通讯作者: Konghao Sun E-mail:sunkh@iphy.ac.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12374479).

Critical exponents near the Liouvillian exceptional structure in Rydberg vapors

Chuanming Li(李传铭)¹, Konghao Sun(孙孔浩)^2,†, and Wei Yi(易为)^1,3,4,5

1 Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
2 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China;
3 Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Network, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
4 CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei 230026, China;
5 Anhui Center for Fundamental Sciences in Theoretical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 China

Received:2025-06-09 Revised:2025-07-24 Accepted:2025-08-14 Online:2026-02-11 Published:2026-03-10
Contact: Konghao Sun E-mail:sunkh@iphy.ac.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12374479).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： In a dissipative Rydberg vapor, the interplay of many-body effects and non-Hermiticity gives rise to a Liouvillian exceptional structure, where exceptional arcs merge at a higher-order exceptional point of the Liouvillian superoperator. Spectral features of the exceptional structure naturally give rise to critical dynamics, which have interesting implications for experiments. In this work, we study the response of the system to perturbations near the Liouvillian exceptional structure, and evaluate the critical exponents. The results are consistent with those in linear non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, thus confirming the exceptional nature of the structures herein. We also discuss how these exponents can be measured experimentally.

关键词: Rydberg vapors, open system, Liouvillian exceptional point, critical scaling

Abstract: In a dissipative Rydberg vapor, the interplay of many-body effects and non-Hermiticity gives rise to a Liouvillian exceptional structure, where exceptional arcs merge at a higher-order exceptional point of the Liouvillian superoperator. Spectral features of the exceptional structure naturally give rise to critical dynamics, which have interesting implications for experiments. In this work, we study the response of the system to perturbations near the Liouvillian exceptional structure, and evaluate the critical exponents. The results are consistent with those in linear non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, thus confirming the exceptional nature of the structures herein. We also discuss how these exponents can be measured experimentally.

Key words: Rydberg vapors, open system, Liouvillian exceptional point, critical scaling

中图分类号: (Decoherence; open systems; quantum statistical methods)

03.65.Yz

05.70.Jk (Critical point phenomena) 42.50.-p (Quantum optics) 05.30.Rt (Quantum phase transitions)

Chuanming Li(李传铭), Konghao Sun(孙孔浩), and Wei Yi(易为). Critical exponents near the Liouvillian exceptional structure in Rydberg vapors[J]. 中国物理B, 2026, 35(3): 30302-030302.

Chuanming Li(李传铭), Konghao Sun(孙孔浩), and Wei Yi(易为). Critical exponents near the Liouvillian exceptional structure in Rydberg vapors[J]. Chin. Phys. B, 2026, 35(3): 30302-030302.

参考文献

[1] Ashida Y, Gong Z and Ueda M 2020 Adv. Phys. 69 249
[2] Miri M A and Alù A 2019 Science 363 42
[3] Ö zdemir Ş K, Rotter S, Nori F and Yang L 2019 Nat. Mater. 18 783
[4] Ding K, Fang C and Ma G 2022 Nat. Rev. Phys. 4 745
[5] Li A, Wei H, Cotrufo M, Chen W, Mann S, Ni X, Xu B, Chen J, Wang J, Fan S, Qiu C W, Alù A and Chen L 2023 Nat. Nanotech. 18 706
[6] Kato T 1966 Perturbation Theory of Linear Operators (Springer)
[7] Franklin J N 1993 Matrix Theory (Dover Publications)
[8] Heiss W D 1999 Eur. Phys. J. D 7 1
[9] Berry M 2004 Czech. J. Phys. 54 1039
[10] Heiss W D 2004 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 37 2455
[11] Heiss W D 2000 Phys. Rev. E 61 929
[12] Dembowski C, Gräf H D, Harney H L, Heine A, Heiss W D, Rehfeld H and Richter A 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 787
[13] Dembowski C, Dietz B, Gräf H D, Harney H L, Heine A, Heiss W D and Richter A 2004 Phys. Rev. E 69 056216
[14] Lee S B, Yang J, Moon S, Lee S Y, Shim J B, Kim S W, Lee J H and An K 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 134101
[15] Gao T, Estrecho E, Bliokh K Y, Liew T C H, Fraser M D, Brodbeck S, Kamp M, Schneider C, Höfling S, Yamamoto Y, Nori F, Kivshar Y S, Truscott A G, Dall R G and Ostrovskaya E A 2015 Nature 526 554
[16] Tang W, Ding K and Ma G 2021 Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 034301
[17] Wiersig J 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 033809
[18] ChenW, Ö zdemir Ş K, Zhao G,Wiersig J and Yang L 2017 Nature 548 192
[19] Ren J, Hodaei H, Harari G, Hassan A U, Chow W, Soltani M, Christodoulides D and Khajavikhan M 2017 Opt. Lett. 42 1556
[20] Zhang M, Sweeney W, Hsu C W, Yang L, Stone A D and Jiang L 2019 Phys. Rev. Lett. 123 180501
[21] Hokmabadi M P, Schumer A, Christodoulides D N and Khajavikhan M 2019 Nature 576 70
[22] Wiersig J 2020 Photon. Res. 8 1457
[23] Park J H, Ndao A, Cai W, Hsu L, Kodigala A, Lepetit T, Lo Y H and Kanté B 2020 Nat. Phys. 16 462
[24] Li W, Zhou Y, Han P, Chang X, Jiang S, Huang A, Zhang H and Xiao Z 2021 Phys. Rev. A 104 033505
[25] Jiang S, Xiao Z, Li W, Chen T, Li J, Huang A and Zhang H 2022 J. Appl. Phys. 131 103106
[26] Carlo M D, Leonardis F D, Soref R A and Passaro V M N 2022 J. Lightwave Technol. 40 6021
[27] Jiang H, Zhang W, Lu G, Ye L, Lin H, Tang J, Xue Z, Li Z, Xu H and Gong Q 2022 Photon. Res. 10 557
[28] Kononchuk R, Cai J, Ellis F, Thevamaran R and Kottos T 2022 Nature 607 697
[29] Latinne O, Kylstra N J, Dörr M, Purvis J, Terao-Dunseath M, Joachain C J, Burke P G and Noble C J 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 46
[30] Lefebvre R, Atabek O, Šindelka M and Moiseyev N 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 123003
[31] Berry M V and Uzdin R 2011 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 44 435303
[32] Milburn T J, Doppler J, Holmes C A, Portolan S, Rotter S and Rabl P 2015 Phys. Rev. A 92 052124
[33] Zhang X, Wang S, Hou B and Chan C T 2018 Phys. Rev. X 8 021066
[34] Li A, Dong J, Wang J, Cheng Z, Ho J S, Zhang D, Wen J, Zhang X, Chan C T, Alù A, Qiu C W and Chen L 2020 Phys. Rev. Lett. 125 187403
[35] Liu W, Wu Y, Duan C, Rong X and Du J 2021 Phys. Rev. Lett. 126 170506
[36] Yu F, Zhang X, Tian Z, Chen Q and Sun H 2021 Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 253901
[37] Chen W, Abbasi M, Joglekar Y N and Murch K W 2021 Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 140504
[38] Ren Z, Liu D, Zhao E, He C, Pak K K, Li J and Jo G B 2022 Nat. Phys. 18 385
[39] Shu X, Li A, Hu G,Wang J, Alù A and Chen L 2022 Nat. Commun. 13 2123
[40] Chen W, Abbasi M, Ha B, Erdamar S, Joglekar Y N and Murch K W 2022 Phys. Rev. Lett. 128 110402
[41] Schumer A, Liu Y G N, Leshin J, Ding L, Alahmadi Y, Hassan A U, Nasari H, Rotter S, Christodoulides D N, LiKamWa P and Khajavikhan M 2022 Science 375 884
[42] Am-Shallem M, Kosloff R and Moiseyev N 2015 New J. Phys. 17 113036
[43] Minganti F, Miranowicz A, Chhajlany RWand Nori F 2019 Phys. Rev. A 100 062131
[44] Minganti F, Miranowicz A, Chhajlany R W, Arkhipov I I and Nori F 2020 Phys. Rev. A 101 062112
[45] Kumar P, Snizhko K and Gefen Y 2021 Phys. Rev. A 104 L050405
[46] Xie C, Sun K, Wu K, Li C, Guo G, Yi W and Xiang G 2024 Sci. Bull. 70 3345
[47] Sun K and Yi W 2024 AAPPS Bull. 34 22
[48] Carr C, Ritter R,Wade C G, Adams C S andWeatherill K J 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 113901
[49] Marcuzzi M, Levi E, Diehl S, Garrahan J P and Lesanovsky I 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 210401
[50] Melo N R,Wade C G, Šibalić N, Kondo J M, Adams C S andWeatherill K J 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 063863
[51] Šibalić N, Wade C G, Adams C S, Weatherill K J and Pohl T 2016 Phys. Rev. A 94 011401
[52] Ding D, Busche H, Shi B, Guo G and Adams C S 2020 Phys. Rev. X 10 021023
[53] Wadenpfuhl K and Adams C S 2023 Phys. Rev. Lett. 131 143002
[54] Wu X, Wang Z, Yang F, Gao R, Liang C, Tey M K, Li X, Pohl T and You L 2024 Nat. Phys. 20 1389
[55] Wang H, Assawaworrarit S and Fan S 2019 Opt. Lett. 44 638
[56] Bai K, Fang L, Liu T R, Li J Z,Wan D and Xiao M 2023 Natl. Sci. Rev. 10 nwac259
[57] Li Z, Li C, Xu G, Chen W, Xiong Z, Jing H, Ho J S and Qiu C W 2023 Sci. Adv. 9 eadi0562

Critical exponents near the Liouvillian exceptional structure in Rydberg vapors

Critical exponents near the Liouvillian exceptional structure in Rydberg vapors

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 12

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	Hong-Biao Li(李宏彪), Deng-Guo Kong(孔德国), Xue-Ping Chai(柴学平), Jin-Long Yu(余金龙), and Qiang Zheng(郑强). Dynamical evolution of imaginarity resources in non-Markovian environments[J]. 中国物理B, 2025, 34(11): 110309-110309.
[2]	Shaojie Xiong(熊少杰), Zhe Sun(孙哲), and Xiaoguang Wang(王晓光). Quantum interferometric power and non-Markovianity in the decoherence channels[J]. 中国物理B, 2023, 32(8): 80302-080302.
[3]	Xuzhen Cao(曹序桢), Zhaoxin Liang(梁兆新), and Ying Hu(胡颖). Floquet scattering through a parity-time symmetric oscillating potential[J]. 中国物理B, 2023, 32(3): 30302-030302.
[4]	Jing Zeng(曾静), Yaju Song(宋亚菊), Jing Lu(卢竞), and Lan Zhou(周兰). Non-Markovianity of an atom in a semi-infinite rectangular waveguide[J]. 中国物理B, 2023, 32(3): 30305-030305.
[5]	Nikolaos Papadatos. Quantum Stirling heat engine with squeezed thermal reservoir[J]. 中国物理B, 2023, 32(10): 100702-100702.
[6]	Peize Ding(丁霈泽) and Wei Yi(易为). Two-body exceptional points in open dissipative systems[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(1): 10309-010309.
[7]	王晨, 徐大智. A polaron theory of quantum thermal transistor in nonequilibrium three-level systems[J]. 中国物理B, 2020, 29(8): 80504-080504.
[8]	罗宇, 李永明. Quantifying quantum non-Markovianity via max-relative entropy[J]. 中国物理B, 2019, 28(4): 40301-040301.
[9]	吴薇, 刘辛, 王超. Quantum speed-up capacity in different types of quantum channels for two-qubit open systems[J]. 中国物理B, 2018, 27(6): 60302-060302.
[10]	徐凯, 韩伟, 张英杰, 范桁. Non-Markovian speedup dynamics control of the damped Jaynes-Cummings model with detuning[J]. 中国物理B, 2018, 27(1): 10302-010302.
[11]	Victor I. Teslenko, Oleksiy L. Kapitanchuk, Zhao Yang. Controlling cooperativity of a metastable open system coupled weakly to a noisy environment[J]. 中国物理B, 2015, 24(2): 28702-028702.
[12]	杨艳玲, 刘中波, 王蕾, 仝殿民, 樊锡君. Effects of relative phase on transient evolution in an open resonant ladder-type atomic system[J]. 中国物理B, 2009, 18(3): 1054-1060.