中国物理B ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 44701-044701.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ae12d7

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Velocity scaling of granular flow in silos under different discharge modes

Tongtong Mu(牟彤彤)1,2, Quan Chen(陈泉)1, Wenjing Wang(王文静)3, Ran Li(李然)1, Ge Sun(孙歌)1,2, and Hui Yang(杨晖)2,1,†   

  1. 1 School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China;
    2 College of Medical Instrumentation, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China;
    3 School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201318, China
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-19 修回日期:2025-10-08 接受日期:2025-10-14 发布日期:2026-04-13
  • 通讯作者: Hui Yang E-mail:yangh_23@sumhs.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12202280 and 12372384) and the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission AI Program (Grant No. SHJWAIJK241201).

Velocity scaling of granular flow in silos under different discharge modes

Tongtong Mu(牟彤彤)1,2, Quan Chen(陈泉)1, Wenjing Wang(王文静)3, Ran Li(李然)1, Ge Sun(孙歌)1,2, and Hui Yang(杨晖)2,1,†   

  1. 1 School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China;
    2 College of Medical Instrumentation, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China;
    3 School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201318, China
  • Received:2025-08-19 Revised:2025-10-08 Accepted:2025-10-14 Published:2026-04-13
  • Contact: Hui Yang E-mail:yangh_23@sumhs.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12202280 and 12372384) and the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission AI Program (Grant No. SHJWAIJK241201).

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摘要： Accurately measuring the velocity field of granular flow in silos and elucidating the distribution law under different discharge modes are essential for understanding the mechanisms of granular rheology and optimizing discharge system design. This work investigates the flow characteristics of black electroplated glass beads in a two-dimensional silo under free-fall discharge and conveyor-belt discharge. The particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) method is employed to measure the velocity field, and the distribution characteristics under the two modes are systematically compared and analyzed. The results show that although there are significant differences in the numerical values of granular velocity, the normalized velocity profiles remain highly consistent. On this basis, a quantitative relationship between the velocity profiles under the two discharge modes is established through the kinematic model. This reveals that the differences in velocity profiles caused by the discharge modes essentially correspond to magnitude scaling, while the overall flow characteristics remain invariant. This finding not only provides a predictive model for the velocity field under conveyor-belt discharge in silos but also contributes empirical data to advance the rheological theory of granular flow.

关键词: velocity profile, granular flow, silo, discharge

Abstract: Accurately measuring the velocity field of granular flow in silos and elucidating the distribution law under different discharge modes are essential for understanding the mechanisms of granular rheology and optimizing discharge system design. This work investigates the flow characteristics of black electroplated glass beads in a two-dimensional silo under free-fall discharge and conveyor-belt discharge. The particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) method is employed to measure the velocity field, and the distribution characteristics under the two modes are systematically compared and analyzed. The results show that although there are significant differences in the numerical values of granular velocity, the normalized velocity profiles remain highly consistent. On this basis, a quantitative relationship between the velocity profiles under the two discharge modes is established through the kinematic model. This reveals that the differences in velocity profiles caused by the discharge modes essentially correspond to magnitude scaling, while the overall flow characteristics remain invariant. This finding not only provides a predictive model for the velocity field under conveyor-belt discharge in silos but also contributes empirical data to advance the rheological theory of granular flow.

Key words: velocity profile, granular flow, silo, discharge

中图分类号:  (Granular flow)

  • 47.57.Gc
47.57.-s (Complex fluids and colloidal systems) 47.80.Cb (Velocity measurements)