中国物理B ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 10305-010305.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ac9224

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Temperature characterizations of silica asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer chip for quantum key distribution

Dan Wu(吴丹)1,3, Xiao Li(李骁)1,3, Liang-Liang Wang(王亮亮)1, Jia-Shun Zhang(张家顺)1,†, Wei Chen(陈巍)4, Yue Wang(王玥)1, Hong-Jie Wang(王红杰)1, Jian-Guang Li(李建光)1, Xiao-Jie Yin(尹小杰)1, Yuan-Da Wu(吴远大)1,2,3, Jun-Ming An(安俊明)1,‡, and Ze-Guo Song(宋泽国)5   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China;
    2 Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3 College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    4 Laboratory of Quantum Information, CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
    5 Wuxi Institute of Interconnect Technology, Co., Ltd. Wuxi 214000, China
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-24 修回日期:2022-09-07 接受日期:2022-09-15 出版日期:2022-12-08 发布日期:2022-12-08
  • 通讯作者: Jia-Shun Zhang, Jun-Ming An E-mail:zhangjiashun@semi.ac.cn;junming@semi.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFA0306403), the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB43000000), Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology, and Computer Interconnect Technology Alliance Funding (Grant No. 20220103).

Temperature characterizations of silica asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer chip for quantum key distribution

Dan Wu(吴丹)1,3, Xiao Li(李骁)1,3, Liang-Liang Wang(王亮亮)1, Jia-Shun Zhang(张家顺)1,†, Wei Chen(陈巍)4, Yue Wang(王玥)1, Hong-Jie Wang(王红杰)1, Jian-Guang Li(李建光)1, Xiao-Jie Yin(尹小杰)1, Yuan-Da Wu(吴远大)1,2,3, Jun-Ming An(安俊明)1,‡, and Ze-Guo Song(宋泽国)5   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China;
    2 Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3 College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    4 Laboratory of Quantum Information, CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
    5 Wuxi Institute of Interconnect Technology, Co., Ltd. Wuxi 214000, China
  • Received:2022-06-24 Revised:2022-09-07 Accepted:2022-09-15 Online:2022-12-08 Published:2022-12-08
  • Contact: Jia-Shun Zhang, Jun-Ming An E-mail:zhangjiashun@semi.ac.cn;junming@semi.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFA0306403), the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB43000000), Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology, and Computer Interconnect Technology Alliance Funding (Grant No. 20220103).

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摘要： Quantum key distribution (QKD) system based on passive silica planar lightwave circuit (PLC) asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometers (AMZI) is characterized with thermal stability, low loss and sufficient integration scalability. However, waveguide stresses, both intrinsic and temperature-induced stresses, have significant impacts on the stable operation of the system. We have designed silica AMZI chips of 400 ps delay, with bend waveguides length equalized for both long and short arms to balance the stresses thereof. The temperature characteristics of the silica PLC AMZI chip are studied. The interference visibility at the single photon level is kept higher than 95% over a wide temperature range of 12 ℃. The delay time change is 0.321 ps within a temperature change of 40 ℃. The spectral shift is 0.0011 nm/0.1 ℃. Temperature-induced delay time and peak wavelength variations do not affect the interference visibility. The experiment results demonstrate the advantage of being tolerant to chip temperature fluctuations.

关键词: quantum key distribution, planar lightwave circuit, temperature characterization, interference visibility

Abstract: Quantum key distribution (QKD) system based on passive silica planar lightwave circuit (PLC) asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometers (AMZI) is characterized with thermal stability, low loss and sufficient integration scalability. However, waveguide stresses, both intrinsic and temperature-induced stresses, have significant impacts on the stable operation of the system. We have designed silica AMZI chips of 400 ps delay, with bend waveguides length equalized for both long and short arms to balance the stresses thereof. The temperature characteristics of the silica PLC AMZI chip are studied. The interference visibility at the single photon level is kept higher than 95% over a wide temperature range of 12 ℃. The delay time change is 0.321 ps within a temperature change of 40 ℃. The spectral shift is 0.0011 nm/0.1 ℃. Temperature-induced delay time and peak wavelength variations do not affect the interference visibility. The experiment results demonstrate the advantage of being tolerant to chip temperature fluctuations.

Key words: quantum key distribution, planar lightwave circuit, temperature characterization, interference visibility

中图分类号:  (Quantum cryptography and communication security)

  • 03.67.Dd
03.67.Hk (Quantum communication) 42.82.Et (Waveguides, couplers, and arrays) 42.82.Bq (Design and performance testing of integrated-optical systems)