Quantum mechanical solution to spectral lineshape in strongly-coupled atom-nanocavity system

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ac40fc

中国物理B ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 43202-043202.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ac40fc

Quantum mechanical solution to spectral lineshape in strongly-coupled atom-nanocavity system

Jian Zeng(曾健) and Zhi-Yuan Li(李志远)^†

School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China

收稿日期:2021-09-29 修回日期:2021-12-06 接受日期:2021-12-08 出版日期:2022-03-16 发布日期:2022-03-16
通讯作者: Zhi-Yuan Li E-mail:phzyli@scut.edu.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFA0306200), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11974119), and Guangdong Provincial Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program, China.

Quantum mechanical solution to spectral lineshape in strongly-coupled atom-nanocavity system

Jian Zeng(曾健) and Zhi-Yuan Li(李志远)^†

School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China

Received:2021-09-29 Revised:2021-12-06 Accepted:2021-12-08 Online:2022-03-16 Published:2022-03-16
Contact: Zhi-Yuan Li E-mail:phzyli@scut.edu.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFA0306200), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11974119), and Guangdong Provincial Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program, China.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： The strongly coupled system composed of atoms, molecules, molecule aggregates, and semiconductor quantum dots embedded within an optical microcavity/nanocavity with high quality factor and/or low modal volume has become an excellent platform to study cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED), where a prominent quantum effect called Rabi splitting can occur due to strong interaction of cavity-mode single-photon with the two-level atomic states. In this paper, we build a new quantum model that can describe the optical response of the strongly-coupled system under the action of an external probing light and the spectral lineshape. We take the Hamiltonian for the strongly-coupled photon-atom system as the unperturbed Hamiltonian $\bm{H}$₀ and the interaction Hamiltonian of the probe light upon the coupled-system quantum states as the perturbed Hamiltonian $\bm{V}$. The theory yields a double Lorentzian lineshape for the permittivity function, which agrees well with experimental observation of Rabi splitting in terms of spectral splitting. This quantum theory will pave the way to construct a complete understanding for the microscopic strongly-coupled system that will become an important element for quantum information processing, nano-optical integrated circuits, and polariton chemistry.

关键词: Rabi splitting, nanocavity, double Lorentzian lineshape

Abstract: The strongly coupled system composed of atoms, molecules, molecule aggregates, and semiconductor quantum dots embedded within an optical microcavity/nanocavity with high quality factor and/or low modal volume has become an excellent platform to study cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED), where a prominent quantum effect called Rabi splitting can occur due to strong interaction of cavity-mode single-photon with the two-level atomic states. In this paper, we build a new quantum model that can describe the optical response of the strongly-coupled system under the action of an external probing light and the spectral lineshape. We take the Hamiltonian for the strongly-coupled photon-atom system as the unperturbed Hamiltonian $\bm{H}$₀ and the interaction Hamiltonian of the probe light upon the coupled-system quantum states as the perturbed Hamiltonian $\bm{V}$. The theory yields a double Lorentzian lineshape for the permittivity function, which agrees well with experimental observation of Rabi splitting in terms of spectral splitting. This quantum theory will pave the way to construct a complete understanding for the microscopic strongly-coupled system that will become an important element for quantum information processing, nano-optical integrated circuits, and polariton chemistry.

Key words: Rabi splitting, nanocavity, double Lorentzian lineshape

中图分类号: (Oscillator strengths, lifetimes, transition moments)

32.70.Cs

42.50.Ct (Quantum description of interaction of light and matter; related experiments) 71.70.-d (Level splitting and interactions)

Jian Zeng(曾健) and Zhi-Yuan Li(李志远). Quantum mechanical solution to spectral lineshape in strongly-coupled atom-nanocavity system[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(4): 43202-043202.

Jian Zeng(曾健) and Zhi-Yuan Li(李志远). Quantum mechanical solution to spectral lineshape in strongly-coupled atom-nanocavity system[J]. Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(4): 43202-043202.

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Quantum mechanical solution to spectral lineshape in strongly-coupled atom-nanocavity system

Quantum mechanical solution to spectral lineshape in strongly-coupled atom-nanocavity system

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