中国物理B ›› 2009, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (3): 927-932.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/18/3/015
邓熙浩, 高思杰
Deng Xi-Hao(邓熙浩) and Gao Si-Jie(高思杰)†
摘要: A Carnot cycle outside a Schwarzschild black hole is investigated in detail. We propose a reversible Carnot cycle with a black hole being the cold reservoir. In our model, a Carnot engine operates between a hot reservoir with temperature T1 and a black hole with Hawking temperature TH. By naturally extending the ordinary Carnot cycle to the black hole system, we show that the thermal efficiency for a reversible process can reach the maximal efficiency 1-TH/T1. Consequently, black holes can be used to determine the thermodynamic temperature by means of the Carnot cycle. The role of the atmosphere around the black hole is discussed. We show that the thermal atmosphere provides a necessary mechanism to make the process reversible.
中图分类号: (Quantum aspects of black holes, evaporation, thermodynamics)