中国物理B ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 10501-010501.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ae1c2c

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An artificial synapse capable of regulating signal transmission speed in a neuromorphic network

Jingru Sun(孙晶茹)1,†, Xiaosong Li(李晓崧)1, Yichuang Sun(孙义闯)2, Zining Xiong(熊子宁)1, and Jiqi He(何计奇)1   

  1. 1 College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
    2 The School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-01 修回日期:2025-11-05 接受日期:2025-11-06 发布日期:2025-12-30
  • 通讯作者: Jingru Sun E-mail:jt_sunjr@hnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62171182), the Natural Science Foundation Project of Hunan Province (Grant No. 2025JJ50345), and the Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province (Grant No. CX20240452).

An artificial synapse capable of regulating signal transmission speed in a neuromorphic network

Jingru Sun(孙晶茹)1,†, Xiaosong Li(李晓崧)1, Yichuang Sun(孙义闯)2, Zining Xiong(熊子宁)1, and Jiqi He(何计奇)1   

  1. 1 College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
    2 The School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
  • Received:2025-07-01 Revised:2025-11-05 Accepted:2025-11-06 Published:2025-12-30
  • Contact: Jingru Sun E-mail:jt_sunjr@hnu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62171182), the Natural Science Foundation Project of Hunan Province (Grant No. 2025JJ50345), and the Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province (Grant No. CX20240452).

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摘要： The regulation of signal transmission speed is one of the most important capabilities of the biological nervous system. This study explores the mechanisms and methods for regulating signal transmission speed among nonmyelinated neurons within the same brain region, starting from spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) of synapses. Building upon the Hodgkin-Huxley model, the dynamic behavior of synapses is incorporated, and the adaptive growth neuron (AGN) model is proposed. Artificial synaptic structures and neuronal physical nodes are also designed. The artificial synaptic structure exhibits unidirectionality, memory capacity, and STDP, enabling it to connect neuronal physical nodes through branching and merging structures. Furthermore, the artificial synapse can adjust signal transmission speed, regulate functional competition between different regions of the neuromorphic network, and promote information interaction. The findings of this study endow neuromorphic networks with the ability to regulate signal transmission speed over the long term, providing new insights into the development of neuromorphic networks.

关键词: artificial synapse, neuromorphic networks, Hodgkin-Huxley model, neuron circuit, memristor, neurodynamics

Abstract: The regulation of signal transmission speed is one of the most important capabilities of the biological nervous system. This study explores the mechanisms and methods for regulating signal transmission speed among nonmyelinated neurons within the same brain region, starting from spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) of synapses. Building upon the Hodgkin-Huxley model, the dynamic behavior of synapses is incorporated, and the adaptive growth neuron (AGN) model is proposed. Artificial synaptic structures and neuronal physical nodes are also designed. The artificial synaptic structure exhibits unidirectionality, memory capacity, and STDP, enabling it to connect neuronal physical nodes through branching and merging structures. Furthermore, the artificial synapse can adjust signal transmission speed, regulate functional competition between different regions of the neuromorphic network, and promote information interaction. The findings of this study endow neuromorphic networks with the ability to regulate signal transmission speed over the long term, providing new insights into the development of neuromorphic networks.

Key words: artificial synapse, neuromorphic networks, Hodgkin-Huxley model, neuron circuit, memristor, neurodynamics

中图分类号:  (Nonlinear dynamics and chaos)

  • 05.45.-a
87.19.lg (Synapses: chemical and electrical (gap junctions)) 87.19.ll (Models of single neurons and networks)