Importance of ligands on TiO2 nanocrystals for perovskite solar cells

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/27/1/018401

中国物理B ›› 2018, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (1): 18401-018401.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/27/1/018401

所属专题： SPECIAL TOPIC — New generation solar cells

• SPECIAL TOPIC—Non-equilibrium phenomena in soft matters • 上一篇下一篇

Importance of ligands on TiO₂ nanocrystals for perovskite solar cells

Yao Zhao(赵耀), Yi-Cheng Zhao(赵怡程), Wen-Ke Zhou(周文可), Rui Fu(伏睿), Qi Li(李琪), Da-Peng Yu(俞大鹏), Qing Zhao(赵清)

State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

收稿日期:2017-09-27 修回日期:2017-11-21 出版日期:2018-01-05 发布日期:2018-01-05
通讯作者: Qing Zhao E-mail:zhaoqing@pku.edu.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51622201, 61571015, and 91433102).

Importance of ligands on TiO₂ nanocrystals for perovskite solar cells

Yao Zhao(赵耀), Yi-Cheng Zhao(赵怡程), Wen-Ke Zhou(周文可), Rui Fu(伏睿), Qi Li(李琪), Da-Peng Yu(俞大鹏), Qing Zhao(赵清)

State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Received:2017-09-27 Revised:2017-11-21 Online:2018-01-05 Published:2018-01-05
Contact: Qing Zhao E-mail:zhaoqing@pku.edu.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51622201, 61571015, and 91433102).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： The fabrication of high-quality electron-selective layers at low temperature is a prerequisite to realizing efficient flexible and tandem perovskite solar cells (PSCs). A colloidal-quantum-dot ink that contains TiO₂ nanocrystals enables the deposition of a flat film with matched energy level for PSCs; however, the selection of ligands on the TiO₂ surface is still unexplored. Here, we systematically studied the effect of the titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate) (TiAc₂) ligand on the performance of PSCs with a planar n-i-p architecture. We prepared TiO₂ nanocrystals from TiCl₄ and ethyl alcohol with Cl^- ligands attached on its surface and we found that a tiny amount of TiAc₂ treatment of as-prepared TiO₂ nanocrystals in a mixed solution of chloroform and methyl alcohol can enhance PSC power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 14.7% to 18.3%. To investigate the effect of TiAc₂ ligand on PSCs, TiO₂ samples with different TiAc₂ content were prepared by adding TiAc₂ into the as-obtained TiO₂ nanocrystal solution. We use x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to identify the content of Cl so as to reveal that Cl ligands can be substituted by TiAc₂. We speculate that the improvement in PCE originates from amorphous TiO₂ formation on the TiO₂ nanocrystal surface, whereby a single-molecule layer of amorphous TiO₂ facilitates charge transfer between the perovskite film and the TiO₂ electronic transport layer, but excessive TiAc₂ lowers the PSC performance dramatically. We further prove our hypothesis by x-ray diffraction measurements. We believe the PCE of PSCs can be further improved by carefully choosing the type and changing the content of surface ligands on TiO₂ nanocrystal.

关键词: TiAc₂, TiO₂ nanocrystal, surface ligand, perovskite solar cells

Abstract: The fabrication of high-quality electron-selective layers at low temperature is a prerequisite to realizing efficient flexible and tandem perovskite solar cells (PSCs). A colloidal-quantum-dot ink that contains TiO₂ nanocrystals enables the deposition of a flat film with matched energy level for PSCs; however, the selection of ligands on the TiO₂ surface is still unexplored. Here, we systematically studied the effect of the titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate) (TiAc₂) ligand on the performance of PSCs with a planar n-i-p architecture. We prepared TiO₂ nanocrystals from TiCl₄ and ethyl alcohol with Cl^- ligands attached on its surface and we found that a tiny amount of TiAc₂ treatment of as-prepared TiO₂ nanocrystals in a mixed solution of chloroform and methyl alcohol can enhance PSC power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 14.7% to 18.3%. To investigate the effect of TiAc₂ ligand on PSCs, TiO₂ samples with different TiAc₂ content were prepared by adding TiAc₂ into the as-obtained TiO₂ nanocrystal solution. We use x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to identify the content of Cl so as to reveal that Cl ligands can be substituted by TiAc₂. We speculate that the improvement in PCE originates from amorphous TiO₂ formation on the TiO₂ nanocrystal surface, whereby a single-molecule layer of amorphous TiO₂ facilitates charge transfer between the perovskite film and the TiO₂ electronic transport layer, but excessive TiAc₂ lowers the PSC performance dramatically. We further prove our hypothesis by x-ray diffraction measurements. We believe the PCE of PSCs can be further improved by carefully choosing the type and changing the content of surface ligands on TiO₂ nanocrystal.

Key words: TiAc₂, TiO₂ nanocrystal, surface ligand, perovskite solar cells

中图分类号: (Photoelectric conversion)

84.60.Jt

88.40.H- (Solar cells (photovoltaics)) 84.60.Bk (Performance characteristics of energy conversion systems; figure of merit)

赵耀, 赵怡程, 周文可, 伏睿, 李琪, 俞大鹏, 赵清. Importance of ligands on TiO₂ nanocrystals for perovskite solar cells[J]. 中国物理B, 2018, 27(1): 18401-018401.

Yao Zhao(赵耀), Yi-Cheng Zhao(赵怡程), Wen-Ke Zhou(周文可), Rui Fu(伏睿), Qi Li(李琪), Da-Peng Yu(俞大鹏), Qing Zhao(赵清). Importance of ligands on TiO₂ nanocrystals for perovskite solar cells[J]. Chin. Phys. B, 2018, 27(1): 18401-018401.

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Importance of ligands on TiO₂ nanocrystals for perovskite solar cells

Importance of ligands on TiO₂ nanocrystals for perovskite solar cells

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