Reversible self-intercalation in trilayer 1T-NiTe2

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ae64d7

中国物理B ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (8): 87101-087101.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ae64d7

Reversible self-intercalation in trilayer 1T-NiTe₂

Qian Fang(方迁)^1,2, Zihao Huang(黄子豪)^1,2, Runnong Zhou(周润农)^1,2, Lei Tao(陶蕾)², Chen Liu(刘晨)³, Xianghe Han(韩相和)^1,2, Li Huang(黄立)^1,2, Xiao Lin(林晓)², Hui Guo(郭辉)^1,2,†, Hui Chen(陈辉)^1,2,‡, and Hong-Jun Gao(高鸿钧)^1,2

1 Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2 School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
3 Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

收稿日期:2026-03-31 修回日期:2026-04-22 接受日期:2026-04-27 发布日期:2026-07-23
通讯作者: Hui Chen, Hui Guo E-mail:hchenn04@iphy.ac.cn;guohui@iphy.ac.cn
基金资助:
This work is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFA1204100), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62488201, 52572188, and 92580202), the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (Grant Nos. YSBR-053 and YSBR-003).

Reversible self-intercalation in trilayer 1T-NiTe₂

1 Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2 School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
3 Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2026-03-31 Revised:2026-04-22 Accepted:2026-04-27 Published:2026-07-23
Contact: Hui Chen, Hui Guo E-mail:hchenn04@iphy.ac.cn;guohui@iphy.ac.cn
Supported by:
This work is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFA1204100), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62488201, 52572188, and 92580202), the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (Grant Nos. YSBR-053 and YSBR-003).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： Self-intercalation in layered transition metal dichalcogenides provides a promising route for modulating lattice structures and electronic properties without introducing extrinsic species. As an emerging type-II Dirac semimetal, 1T-NiTe$_{2}$ has attracted considerable interest in the two-dimensional limit. However, reversible self-intercalation in atomically thin NiTe$_{2}$ has not been reported. Here, we report a reversible self-intercalation process in trilayer 1T-NiTe$_{2}$ synthesized on a graphene substrate via van der Waals epitaxy. Upon post-annealing, Te desorption drives the spontaneous incorporation of Ni atoms into the van der Waals gaps, forming an ordered $\surd 3\times \surd 3$ superstructure, which can be fully reversed under Te-rich conditions. Scanning tunneling microscopy reveals the formation of this superstructure, accompanied by a modulation of the electronic states near the Fermi level. Furthermore, field emission resonance measurements demonstrate a clear modulation of the local work function induced by self-intercalation, indicative of an intercalation-driven redistribution of electronic density. Our work establishes reversible self-intercalation as an effective route for engineering superlattice potentials and tuning surface electronic properties in two-dimensional materials.

关键词: NiTe$_{2}$, self-intercalation, van der Waals material, scanning tunneling microscopy

Abstract: Self-intercalation in layered transition metal dichalcogenides provides a promising route for modulating lattice structures and electronic properties without introducing extrinsic species. As an emerging type-II Dirac semimetal, 1T-NiTe$_{2}$ has attracted considerable interest in the two-dimensional limit. However, reversible self-intercalation in atomically thin NiTe$_{2}$ has not been reported. Here, we report a reversible self-intercalation process in trilayer 1T-NiTe$_{2}$ synthesized on a graphene substrate via van der Waals epitaxy. Upon post-annealing, Te desorption drives the spontaneous incorporation of Ni atoms into the van der Waals gaps, forming an ordered $\surd 3\times \surd 3$ superstructure, which can be fully reversed under Te-rich conditions. Scanning tunneling microscopy reveals the formation of this superstructure, accompanied by a modulation of the electronic states near the Fermi level. Furthermore, field emission resonance measurements demonstrate a clear modulation of the local work function induced by self-intercalation, indicative of an intercalation-driven redistribution of electronic density. Our work establishes reversible self-intercalation as an effective route for engineering superlattice potentials and tuning surface electronic properties in two-dimensional materials.

Key words: NiTe$_{2}$, self-intercalation, van der Waals material, scanning tunneling microscopy

中图分类号: (Fullerenes and related materials; intercalation compounds)

71.20.Tx

07.79.Cz (Scanning tunneling microscopes) 63.22.Np (Layered systems) 68.65.Cd (Superlattices)

Qian Fang(方迁), Zihao Huang(黄子豪), Runnong Zhou(周润农), Lei Tao(陶蕾), Chen Liu(刘晨), Xianghe Han(韩相和), Li Huang(黄立), Xiao Lin(林晓), Hui Guo(郭辉), Hui Chen(陈辉), and Hong-Jun Gao(高鸿钧). Reversible self-intercalation in trilayer 1T-NiTe₂[J]. 中国物理B, 2026, 35(8): 87101-087101.

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Reversible self-intercalation in trilayer 1T-NiTe₂

Reversible self-intercalation in trilayer 1T-NiTe₂

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