Spectroscopic studies of two-dimensional superconductivity

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ae4c6d

中国物理B ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 66801-066801.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ae4c6d

Spectroscopic studies of two-dimensional superconductivity

Qiang-Jun Cheng(程强军)¹, Xu-Cun Ma(马旭村)^1,2,3, Qi-Kun Xue(薛其坤)^1,2,3,4, and Can-Li Song(宋灿立)^1,2,3,†

1 Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
2 Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100084, China;
3 Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
4 Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China

收稿日期:2026-01-02 修回日期:2026-02-05 接受日期:2026-03-03 出版日期:2026-05-28 发布日期:2026-05-28
通讯作者: Can-Li Song E-mail:clsong07@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
基金资助:
This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12474130, 12141403, and 12134008) and the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFA1403100).

Spectroscopic studies of two-dimensional superconductivity

Qiang-Jun Cheng(程强军)¹, Xu-Cun Ma(马旭村)^1,2,3, Qi-Kun Xue(薛其坤)^1,2,3,4, and Can-Li Song(宋灿立)^1,2,3,†

1 Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
2 Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100084, China;
3 Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
4 Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China

Received:2026-01-02 Revised:2026-02-05 Accepted:2026-03-03 Online:2026-05-28 Published:2026-05-28
Contact: Can-Li Song E-mail:clsong07@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
Supported by:
This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12474130, 12141403, and 12134008) and the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFA1403100).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： Two-dimensional superconductivity has become a major frontier in condensed matter physics. It holds the key to understanding the mechanism of high-temperature superconductors and offers an exceptional arena for stabilizing emergent quantum states enabled by enhanced electron correlations in reduced dimensionality. These states are frequently characterized by spatial modulations and intertwined with competing orders, calling for studies that combine real-space imaging with local spectroscopy. Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy meet this need by directly accessing the local density of states with lattice-scale resolution. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the study of several representative unconventional superconductors using this technique, focusing on the direct characterization of high-temperature super-conducting planes, pair-density waves, and topological superconductivity in both artificial heterostructures and intrinsic materials. We conclude by outlining current challenges and future directions motivated by these microscopic insights.

关键词: two-dimensional superconductivity, scanning tunneling microscopy, unconventional superconducting planes, pair-density waves, topological superconductivity

Abstract: Two-dimensional superconductivity has become a major frontier in condensed matter physics. It holds the key to understanding the mechanism of high-temperature superconductors and offers an exceptional arena for stabilizing emergent quantum states enabled by enhanced electron correlations in reduced dimensionality. These states are frequently characterized by spatial modulations and intertwined with competing orders, calling for studies that combine real-space imaging with local spectroscopy. Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy meet this need by directly accessing the local density of states with lattice-scale resolution. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the study of several representative unconventional superconductors using this technique, focusing on the direct characterization of high-temperature super-conducting planes, pair-density waves, and topological superconductivity in both artificial heterostructures and intrinsic materials. We conclude by outlining current challenges and future directions motivated by these microscopic insights.

Key words: two-dimensional superconductivity, scanning tunneling microscopy, unconventional superconducting planes, pair-density waves, topological superconductivity

中图分类号: (Low-dimensional, mesoscopic, nanoscale and other related systems: structure and nonelectronic properties)

68.65.-k

68.37.Ef (Scanning tunneling microscopy (including chemistry induced with STM)) 71.27.+a (Strongly correlated electron systems; heavy fermions)

Qiang-Jun Cheng(程强军), Xu-Cun Ma(马旭村), Qi-Kun Xue(薛其坤), and Can-Li Song(宋灿立). Spectroscopic studies of two-dimensional superconductivity[J]. 中国物理B, 2026, 35(6): 66801-066801.

Qiang-Jun Cheng(程强军), Xu-Cun Ma(马旭村), Qi-Kun Xue(薛其坤), and Can-Li Song(宋灿立). Spectroscopic studies of two-dimensional superconductivity[J]. Chin. Phys. B, 2026, 35(6): 66801-066801.

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Spectroscopic studies of two-dimensional superconductivity

Spectroscopic studies of two-dimensional superconductivity

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