Transition signatures for electron-positron pair creation in space-time inhomogeneous electric field

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ae311e

中国物理B ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 54201-054201.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ae311e

Transition signatures for electron-positron pair creation in space-time inhomogeneous electric field

Chuan-Ke Li(李传可)¹, Xian-Xian Zhou(周鲜鲜)², Qiang Chen(陈强)³, Bang An(安邦)⁴, Ying-Jun Li(李英骏)^4,5, Nan-Sheng Lin(林南省)^5,†, and Yang Wan(万阳)^1,‡

1 Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, School of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
2 School of Management Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu 233030, China;
3 National Supercomputing Center in Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
4 State Key Laboratory for Tunnel Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China;
5 School of Science, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China

收稿日期:2025-10-24 修回日期:2025-12-20 接受日期:2025-12-25 发布日期:2026-05-15
通讯作者: Nan-Sheng Lin, Yang Wan E-mail:phy.nslin@gmail.com;yangwan23@zzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant Nos. 12447120 and 12204001) and the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province, China (Grant No. 252300423526).

Transition signatures for electron-positron pair creation in space-time inhomogeneous electric field

Chuan-Ke Li(李传可)¹, Xian-Xian Zhou(周鲜鲜)², Qiang Chen(陈强)³, Bang An(安邦)⁴, Ying-Jun Li(李英骏)^4,5, Nan-Sheng Lin(林南省)^5,†, and Yang Wan(万阳)^1,‡

1 Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, School of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
2 School of Management Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu 233030, China;
3 National Supercomputing Center in Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
4 State Key Laboratory for Tunnel Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China;
5 School of Science, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2025-10-24 Revised:2025-12-20 Accepted:2025-12-25 Published:2026-05-15
Contact: Nan-Sheng Lin, Yang Wan E-mail:phy.nslin@gmail.com;yangwan23@zzu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant Nos. 12447120 and 12204001) and the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province, China (Grant No. 252300423526).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： The process of electron–positron pair creation through multi-photon absorption in a space–time dependent electric field is analyzed using computational quantum field theory. Our findings reveal two distinct pair creation channels: the symmetric and asymmetric transition channels. We propose that the asymmetric transition channel arises from the inherent spatial inhomogeneity of intense laser pulses. By mapping the field-theoretical model of laser-assisted multi-photon pair creation onto a quantum-mechanical time-dependent framework, a semi-analytical solution that captures the asymmetric transition signatures of vacuum decay is derived. Additionally, it is demonstrated that neglecting spatial inhomogeneity leads to erroneous transition amplitudes and incorrect identification of pair creation channels. Furthermore, we have established that asymmetric transition channels substantially enhance the creation of electron–positron pairs for a given laser pulse energy.

关键词: electron-positron pair creation, ultra-strong laser field, computational quantum field theory

Abstract: The process of electron–positron pair creation through multi-photon absorption in a space–time dependent electric field is analyzed using computational quantum field theory. Our findings reveal two distinct pair creation channels: the symmetric and asymmetric transition channels. We propose that the asymmetric transition channel arises from the inherent spatial inhomogeneity of intense laser pulses. By mapping the field-theoretical model of laser-assisted multi-photon pair creation onto a quantum-mechanical time-dependent framework, a semi-analytical solution that captures the asymmetric transition signatures of vacuum decay is derived. Additionally, it is demonstrated that neglecting spatial inhomogeneity leads to erroneous transition amplitudes and incorrect identification of pair creation channels. Furthermore, we have established that asymmetric transition channels substantially enhance the creation of electron–positron pairs for a given laser pulse energy.

Key words: electron-positron pair creation, ultra-strong laser field, computational quantum field theory

中图分类号: (Wave propagation, transmission and absorption)

42.25.Bs

03.65.-w (Quantum mechanics) 12.20.-m (Quantum electrodynamics)

Chuan-Ke Li(李传可), Xian-Xian Zhou(周鲜鲜), Qiang Chen(陈强), Bang An(安邦), Ying-Jun Li(李英骏), Nan-Sheng Lin(林南省), and Yang Wan(万阳). Transition signatures for electron-positron pair creation in space-time inhomogeneous electric field[J]. 中国物理B, 2026, 35(5): 54201-054201.

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Transition signatures for electron-positron pair creation in space-time inhomogeneous electric field

Transition signatures for electron-positron pair creation in space-time inhomogeneous electric field

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