Cryptanalysis and improvement of quantum broadcast communication and authentication protocol with a quantum one-time pad

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/25/8/080308

中国物理B ›› 2016, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (8): 80308-080308.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/25/8/080308

Cryptanalysis and improvement of quantum broadcast communication and authentication protocol with a quantum one-time pad

Zhi-Hao Liu(刘志昊), Han-Wu Chen(陈汉武)

1 School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China;
2 Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration(Southeast University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 211189, China;
3 Center for Quantum Computation and Intelligent Systems, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia

收稿日期:2015-11-18 修回日期:2016-03-31 出版日期:2016-08-05 发布日期:2016-08-05
通讯作者: Han-Wu Chen E-mail:lzh@seu.edu.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61502101 and 61170321), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant No. BK20140651), the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education, China (Grant No. 20110092110024), and the Project Funded by PAPD and CICAEET.

Cryptanalysis and improvement of quantum broadcast communication and authentication protocol with a quantum one-time pad

Zhi-Hao Liu(刘志昊)^1,2,3, Han-Wu Chen(陈汉武)^1,2

1 School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China;
2 Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration(Southeast University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 211189, China;
3 Center for Quantum Computation and Intelligent Systems, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia

Received:2015-11-18 Revised:2016-03-31 Online:2016-08-05 Published:2016-08-05
Contact: Han-Wu Chen E-mail:lzh@seu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61502101 and 61170321), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant No. BK20140651), the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education, China (Grant No. 20110092110024), and the Project Funded by PAPD and CICAEET.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： The security of quantum broadcast communication (QBC) and authentication protocol based on Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and quantum one-time pad is analyzed. It is shown that there are some security issues in this protocol. Firstly, an external eavesdropper can take the intercept-measure-resend attack strategy to eavesdrop on 0.369 bit of every bit of the identity string of each receiver without being detected. Meanwhile, 0.524 bit of every bit of the secret message can be eavesdropped on without being detected. Secondly, an inner receiver can take the intercept-measure-resend attack strategy to eavesdrop on half of the identity string of the other's definitely without being checked. In addition, an alternative attack called the CNOT-operation attack is discussed. As for the multi-party QBC protocol, the attack efficiency increases with the increase of the number of users. Finally, the QBC protocol is improved to a secure one.

关键词: cryptanalysis, quantum broadcast communication, information leakage, intercept-measure-resend attack, CNOT-operation attack

Abstract: The security of quantum broadcast communication (QBC) and authentication protocol based on Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and quantum one-time pad is analyzed. It is shown that there are some security issues in this protocol. Firstly, an external eavesdropper can take the intercept-measure-resend attack strategy to eavesdrop on 0.369 bit of every bit of the identity string of each receiver without being detected. Meanwhile, 0.524 bit of every bit of the secret message can be eavesdropped on without being detected. Secondly, an inner receiver can take the intercept-measure-resend attack strategy to eavesdrop on half of the identity string of the other's definitely without being checked. In addition, an alternative attack called the CNOT-operation attack is discussed. As for the multi-party QBC protocol, the attack efficiency increases with the increase of the number of users. Finally, the QBC protocol is improved to a secure one.

Key words: cryptanalysis, quantum broadcast communication, information leakage, intercept-measure-resend attack, CNOT-operation attack

中图分类号: (Quantum cryptography and communication security)

03.67.Dd

03.67.Hk (Quantum communication) 03.67.-a (Quantum information) 03.65.Ud (Entanglement and quantum nonlocality)

刘志昊, 陈汉武. Cryptanalysis and improvement of quantum broadcast communication and authentication protocol with a quantum one-time pad[J]. 中国物理B, 2016, 25(8): 80308-080308.

Zhi-Hao Liu(刘志昊), Han-Wu Chen(陈汉武). Cryptanalysis and improvement of quantum broadcast communication and authentication protocol with a quantum one-time pad[J]. Chin. Phys. B, 2016, 25(8): 80308-080308.

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Cryptanalysis and improvement of quantum broadcast communication and authentication protocol with a quantum one-time pad

Cryptanalysis and improvement of quantum broadcast communication and authentication protocol with a quantum one-time pad

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