Criticality and fragility in a quantum neural memory

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ae2d36

中国物理B ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 50303-050303.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ae2d36

Criticality and fragility in a quantum neural memory

Inam Ullah¹, Subhanullah Khan¹, Muhammad Noman², and Minglin Lang(郎明林)^1,†

1 CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
2 Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China

收稿日期:2025-10-27 修回日期:2025-12-09 接受日期:2025-12-16 发布日期:2026-05-15
通讯作者: Minglin Lang E-mail:langml@ucas.ac.cn
基金资助:
This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31571042), Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 7202129), the Class B Breeding Program of Special Projects for Leading Science and Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDPB16), and the Key Basic Research Project of Applied Basic Research Program of Hebei Province (Grant No. 18966315D).

Criticality and fragility in a quantum neural memory

Inam Ullah¹, Subhanullah Khan¹, Muhammad Noman², and Minglin Lang(郎明林)^1,†

1 CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
2 Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China

Received:2025-10-27 Revised:2025-12-09 Accepted:2025-12-16 Published:2026-05-15
Contact: Minglin Lang E-mail:langml@ucas.ac.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31571042), Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 7202129), the Class B Breeding Program of Special Projects for Leading Science and Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDPB16), and the Key Basic Research Project of Applied Basic Research Program of Hebei Province (Grant No. 18966315D).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： We theoretically investigate a neural transverse-field Hopfield (NTFH) model that realizes a minimal quantum neural memory by encoding patterns in the low-energy spectrum and stationary correlations of coupled qubits. At the level of a two-neuron open quantum system, we analyze how entanglement of formation, geometric quantum discord and quantum-memory-assisted entropic uncertainty evolve under the combined action of memory interactions, transverse fields, local imperfections and Markovian dephasing. This reveals a robust trade-off: transverse driving enhances coherent processing but destabilizes stored patterns, while local asymmetries and noise rapidly erase quantum correlations. Extending the model to a four-neuron network, we show that entanglement fluctuations peak at a transverse-field-driven quantum phase transition between a memory-ordered and a paramagnetic phase, thereby linking the fragility of quantum neural memory to standard notions of quantum criticality.

关键词: quantum neural networks, hopfield model, quantum correlations, entanglement, open quantum systems, entropic uncertainty

Abstract: We theoretically investigate a neural transverse-field Hopfield (NTFH) model that realizes a minimal quantum neural memory by encoding patterns in the low-energy spectrum and stationary correlations of coupled qubits. At the level of a two-neuron open quantum system, we analyze how entanglement of formation, geometric quantum discord and quantum-memory-assisted entropic uncertainty evolve under the combined action of memory interactions, transverse fields, local imperfections and Markovian dephasing. This reveals a robust trade-off: transverse driving enhances coherent processing but destabilizes stored patterns, while local asymmetries and noise rapidly erase quantum correlations. Extending the model to a four-neuron network, we show that entanglement fluctuations peak at a transverse-field-driven quantum phase transition between a memory-ordered and a paramagnetic phase, thereby linking the fragility of quantum neural memory to standard notions of quantum criticality.

Key words: quantum neural networks, hopfield model, quantum correlations, entanglement, open quantum systems, entropic uncertainty

中图分类号: (Decoherence; open systems; quantum statistical methods)

03.65.Yz

Inam Ullah, Subhanullah Khan, Muhammad Noman, and Minglin Lang(郎明林). Criticality and fragility in a quantum neural memory[J]. 中国物理B, 2026, 35(5): 50303-050303.

Inam Ullah, Subhanullah Khan, Muhammad Noman, and Minglin Lang(郎明林). Criticality and fragility in a quantum neural memory[J]. Chin. Phys. B, 2026, 35(5): 50303-050303.

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Criticality and fragility in a quantum neural memory

Criticality and fragility in a quantum neural memory

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