中国物理B ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 14401-014401.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ade066

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Bio-convective flow of gyrotactic microorganisms in nanofluid through a curved oscillatory channel with Cattaneo–Christov double diffusion theory

Imran M1,†, Naveed M1, Rafiq M Y2, and Abbas Z2   

  1. 1 Department of Mathematics, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan;
    2 Department of Mathematics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-02 修回日期:2025-05-08 接受日期:2025-06-04 发布日期:2026-01-09
  • 通讯作者: Imran M E-mail:imran@ue.edu.pk

Bio-convective flow of gyrotactic microorganisms in nanofluid through a curved oscillatory channel with Cattaneo–Christov double diffusion theory

Imran M1,†, Naveed M1, Rafiq M Y2, and Abbas Z2   

  1. 1 Department of Mathematics, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan;
    2 Department of Mathematics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
  • Received:2025-03-02 Revised:2025-05-08 Accepted:2025-06-04 Published:2026-01-09
  • Contact: Imran M E-mail:imran@ue.edu.pk

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摘要： The present study investigates the flow, heat, and mass transfer analysis in the bioconvection of nanofluid containing motile gyrotactic microorganisms through a semi-porous curved oscillatory channel with a magnetic field. These microorganisms produce density gradients by swimming, which induces macroscopic convection flows in the fluid. This procedure improves the mass and heat transfer, illustrating the interaction between biological activity and fluid dynamics. Furthermore, instead of considering traditional Fourier's and Fick's law the energy and concentration equations are developed by incorporating Cattaneo-Christov double diffusion theory. Moreover, to examine the influence of thermophoresis and Brownian diffusions in the fluid we have adopted the Buongiorno nanofluid model. Due to the oscillation of the surface of the channel, the mathematical development of the considered flow problem is obtained in the form of partial differential equations via the curvilinear coordinate system. The convergent series solution of the governing flow equations is obtained after applying the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The effects of different pertinent flow parameters on velocity, motile microorganism density distribution, concentration, pressure, temperature, and skin friction coefficient are examined and discussed in detail with the help of graphs and tables. It is observed during the current study that the density of microorganisms is enhanced for higher values of Reynolds number, Peclet number, radius of curvature variable, and Lewis number.

关键词: Bio-convective flow of gyrotactic microorganisms in nanofluid through a curved oscillatory channel with Cattaneo–Christov double diffusion theory

Abstract: The present study investigates the flow, heat, and mass transfer analysis in the bioconvection of nanofluid containing motile gyrotactic microorganisms through a semi-porous curved oscillatory channel with a magnetic field. These microorganisms produce density gradients by swimming, which induces macroscopic convection flows in the fluid. This procedure improves the mass and heat transfer, illustrating the interaction between biological activity and fluid dynamics. Furthermore, instead of considering traditional Fourier's and Fick's law the energy and concentration equations are developed by incorporating Cattaneo-Christov double diffusion theory. Moreover, to examine the influence of thermophoresis and Brownian diffusions in the fluid we have adopted the Buongiorno nanofluid model. Due to the oscillation of the surface of the channel, the mathematical development of the considered flow problem is obtained in the form of partial differential equations via the curvilinear coordinate system. The convergent series solution of the governing flow equations is obtained after applying the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The effects of different pertinent flow parameters on velocity, motile microorganism density distribution, concentration, pressure, temperature, and skin friction coefficient are examined and discussed in detail with the help of graphs and tables. It is observed during the current study that the density of microorganisms is enhanced for higher values of Reynolds number, Peclet number, radius of curvature variable, and Lewis number.

Key words: semi-porous oscillatory curved channel, gyrotactic microorganisms, magnetohydrodynamic, viscous nanofluid, Cattaneo-Christov double diffusion, homotopy analysis method

中图分类号:  (Analytical and numerical techniques)

  • 44.05.+e
44.20.+b (Boundary layer heat flow) 82.60.Qr (Thermodynamics of nanoparticles) 44.25.+f (Natural convection)