中国物理B ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 84701-084701.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ac0a6c

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Evolution of melt convection in a liquid metal driven by a pulsed electric current

Yanyi Xu(徐燕祎)1, Yunhu Zhang(张云虎)1,†, Tianqing Zheng(郑天晴)1, Yongyong Gong(龚永勇)1,2, Changjiang Song(宋长江)1, Hongxing Zheng(郑红星)1, and Qijie Zhai(翟启杰)1   

  1. 1 Center for Advanced Solidification Technology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China;
    2 College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-27 修回日期:2021-06-09 接受日期:2021-06-11 出版日期:2021-07-16 发布日期:2021-08-02
  • 通讯作者: Yunhu Zhang E-mail:zhangyunhu.zyh@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U1760204, 51974183, 52071194, and 52074180).

Evolution of melt convection in a liquid metal driven by a pulsed electric current

Yanyi Xu(徐燕祎)1, Yunhu Zhang(张云虎)1,†, Tianqing Zheng(郑天晴)1, Yongyong Gong(龚永勇)1,2, Changjiang Song(宋长江)1, Hongxing Zheng(郑红星)1, and Qijie Zhai(翟启杰)1   

  1. 1 Center for Advanced Solidification Technology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China;
    2 College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
  • Received:2021-04-27 Revised:2021-06-09 Accepted:2021-06-11 Online:2021-07-16 Published:2021-08-02
  • Contact: Yunhu Zhang E-mail:zhangyunhu.zyh@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U1760204, 51974183, 52071194, and 52074180).

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摘要： Gain refinement in metal alloy can be achieved by applying an electric current pulse (ECP) in solidification process. Forced flow inside the melt has been proved to be a key role in grain refinement. In this paper, the fluid flow inside Ga 20 wt%-In 12 wt%-Sn alloy induced by a damping sinusoidal ECP flowing through two parallel electrodes into the cylindrical melt was investigated by both experimental measurements and numerical simulations. Experimental results showed that a strong descending jet was induced beneath the bottom of electrodes under the application of ECP. Besides, it was found that flow intensity increases with the increase of amplitude, frequency, and pulse width, respectively. In order to unlock the formation mechanism of flow pattern and the relevance of flow intensity varied with electrical parameters, a three-dimensional numerical model under the application of ECP was established. Meanwhile, a comparative study was conducted by numerical simulations to reveal the distributions of electromagnetic fields and forced flow. Numerical results showed that the downward Lorentz force induced by ECP was concentrated beneath the bottom of electrodes. This downward Lorentz force induces a descending jet and provokes a global forced flow. According to numerical simulations, the evolution of flow intensity with electrical parameters under the application of ECP can be understood by the time averaged impulse of Lorentz force.

关键词: pulsed electric current, flow measurement, numerical simulation, magnetohydrodynamics

Abstract: Gain refinement in metal alloy can be achieved by applying an electric current pulse (ECP) in solidification process. Forced flow inside the melt has been proved to be a key role in grain refinement. In this paper, the fluid flow inside Ga 20 wt%-In 12 wt%-Sn alloy induced by a damping sinusoidal ECP flowing through two parallel electrodes into the cylindrical melt was investigated by both experimental measurements and numerical simulations. Experimental results showed that a strong descending jet was induced beneath the bottom of electrodes under the application of ECP. Besides, it was found that flow intensity increases with the increase of amplitude, frequency, and pulse width, respectively. In order to unlock the formation mechanism of flow pattern and the relevance of flow intensity varied with electrical parameters, a three-dimensional numerical model under the application of ECP was established. Meanwhile, a comparative study was conducted by numerical simulations to reveal the distributions of electromagnetic fields and forced flow. Numerical results showed that the downward Lorentz force induced by ECP was concentrated beneath the bottom of electrodes. This downward Lorentz force induces a descending jet and provokes a global forced flow. According to numerical simulations, the evolution of flow intensity with electrical parameters under the application of ECP can be understood by the time averaged impulse of Lorentz force.

Key words: pulsed electric current, flow measurement, numerical simulation, magnetohydrodynamics

中图分类号:  (Magnetohydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamics)

  • 47.65.-d
47.80.Cb (Velocity measurements) 47.27.em (Eddy-viscosity closures; Reynolds stress modeling) 47.11.Fg (Finite element methods)