中国物理B ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 63701-063701.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/adc408

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Sub-Doppler cooling of magnesium fluoride molecules

Jin Wei(魏晋)1, Di Wu(吴迪)1, Taojing Dong(董涛晶)1, Chenyu Zu(祖晨宇)1, Yong Xia(夏勇)1,2,3,†, and Jianping Yin(印建平)1   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
    2 Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
    3 NYU-ECNU Institute of Physics at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-05 修回日期:2025-03-20 接受日期:2025-03-24 出版日期:2025-05-16 发布日期:2025-05-30
  • 通讯作者: Yong Xia E-mail:yxia@phy.ecnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12174115 and 91836103).

Sub-Doppler cooling of magnesium fluoride molecules

Jin Wei(魏晋)1, Di Wu(吴迪)1, Taojing Dong(董涛晶)1, Chenyu Zu(祖晨宇)1, Yong Xia(夏勇)1,2,3,†, and Jianping Yin(印建平)1   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
    2 Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
    3 NYU-ECNU Institute of Physics at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2025-02-05 Revised:2025-03-20 Accepted:2025-03-24 Online:2025-05-16 Published:2025-05-30
  • Contact: Yong Xia E-mail:yxia@phy.ecnu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12174115 and 91836103).

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摘要： We present a theoretical approach to achieve sub-Doppler cooling of magnesium fluoride (MgF) molecules by tuning the AC Stark shift with a blue-detuned laser. We study three blue-detuned magneto-optical trapping (MOT) schemes by using the Bayesian optimization method with the optical Bloch equations. We perform a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between the force in the MOT and the velocities and positions of the MgF molecules. Monte-Carlo simulations show that our MOT schemes can achieve a temperature as low as 28 μK and a density as high as $4.0 \times 10^{8}$ cm$^{-3}$ at the conditions of a ratio of two laser intensities of 2:7, a detuning of 3$\varGamma $ and a polarization configuration of $\sigma ^{-}{- \sigma }^{+}$. These results provide a clear way for transferring a large number of MgF molecules into a conservative trap to enhance the subsequent cooling such as evaporative or sympathetic cooling.

关键词: cold molecule, sub-Doppler cooling, blue-detuned magneto-optical trapping, Bayesian optimization

Abstract: We present a theoretical approach to achieve sub-Doppler cooling of magnesium fluoride (MgF) molecules by tuning the AC Stark shift with a blue-detuned laser. We study three blue-detuned magneto-optical trapping (MOT) schemes by using the Bayesian optimization method with the optical Bloch equations. We perform a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between the force in the MOT and the velocities and positions of the MgF molecules. Monte-Carlo simulations show that our MOT schemes can achieve a temperature as low as 28 μK and a density as high as $4.0 \times 10^{8}$ cm$^{-3}$ at the conditions of a ratio of two laser intensities of 2:7, a detuning of 3$\varGamma $ and a polarization configuration of $\sigma ^{-}{- \sigma }^{+}$. These results provide a clear way for transferring a large number of MgF molecules into a conservative trap to enhance the subsequent cooling such as evaporative or sympathetic cooling.

Key words: cold molecule, sub-Doppler cooling, blue-detuned magneto-optical trapping, Bayesian optimization

中图分类号:  (Slowing and cooling of molecules)

  • 37.10.Mn
37.10.-x (Atom, molecule, and ion cooling methods) 37.10.Pq (Trapping of molecules) 02.90.+p (Other topics in mathematical methods in physics)