Security analysis of satellite-to-ground reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution with beam wandering

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ad51f6

中国物理B ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 80306-080306.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad51f6

Security analysis of satellite-to-ground reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution with beam wandering

Chun Zhou(周淳)^1,2, Yan-Mei Zhao(赵燕美)^1,2,†, Xiao-Liang Yang(杨晓亮)^1,2, Yi-Fei Lu(陆宜飞)^1,2, Yu Zhou(周雨)^1,2, Xiao-Lei Jiang(姜晓磊)^1,2, Hai-Tao Wang(汪海涛)^1,2, Yang Wang(汪洋)^1,2, Jia-Ji Li(李家骥)^1,2, Mu-Sheng Jiang(江木生)^1,2, Xiang Wang(汪翔)^1,2, Hai-Long Zhang(张海龙)^1,2, Hong-Wei Li(李宏伟)^1,2, and Wan-Su Bao(鲍皖苏)^1,2,‡

1 Henan Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Cryptography, SSF IEU, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
2 Synergetic Innovation Centre of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

收稿日期:2024-04-17 修回日期:2024-05-29 出版日期:2024-08-15 发布日期:2024-07-30
通讯作者: Yan-Mei Zhao, Wan-Su Bao E-mail:zym@qiclab.cn;bws@qiclab.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61505261, 62101597, 61605248, and 61675235), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2020YFA0309702), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2021M691536), the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province, China (Grant Nos. 202300410534 and 202300410532), and the Fund of the Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies.

Security analysis of satellite-to-ground reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution with beam wandering

1 Henan Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Cryptography, SSF IEU, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
2 Synergetic Innovation Centre of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

Received:2024-04-17 Revised:2024-05-29 Online:2024-08-15 Published:2024-07-30
Contact: Yan-Mei Zhao, Wan-Su Bao E-mail:zym@qiclab.cn;bws@qiclab.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61505261, 62101597, 61605248, and 61675235), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2020YFA0309702), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2021M691536), the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province, China (Grant Nos. 202300410534 and 202300410532), and the Fund of the Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： The reference-frame-independent (RFI) quantum key distribution (QKD) is suitable for satellite-based links by removing the active alignment on the reference frames. However, how the beam wandering influences the performance of RFI-QKD remains a pending issue in satellite-to-ground links. In this paper, based on the mathematical model for characterizing beam wandering, we present the security analysis for satellite-to-ground RFI-QKD and analytically derive formulas for calculating the secret key rate with beam wandering. Our simulation results show that the performance of RFI-QKD is better than the Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) QKD with beam wandering in asymptotic case. Furthermore, the degree of influences of beam wandering is specifically presented for satellite-to-ground RFI-QKD when statistical fluctuations are taken into account. Our work can provide theoretical support for the realization of RFI-QKD using satellite-to-ground links and have implications for the construction of large-scale satellite-based quantum networks.

关键词: quantum key distribution, satellite-to-ground, beam wandering

Abstract: The reference-frame-independent (RFI) quantum key distribution (QKD) is suitable for satellite-based links by removing the active alignment on the reference frames. However, how the beam wandering influences the performance of RFI-QKD remains a pending issue in satellite-to-ground links. In this paper, based on the mathematical model for characterizing beam wandering, we present the security analysis for satellite-to-ground RFI-QKD and analytically derive formulas for calculating the secret key rate with beam wandering. Our simulation results show that the performance of RFI-QKD is better than the Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) QKD with beam wandering in asymptotic case. Furthermore, the degree of influences of beam wandering is specifically presented for satellite-to-ground RFI-QKD when statistical fluctuations are taken into account. Our work can provide theoretical support for the realization of RFI-QKD using satellite-to-ground links and have implications for the construction of large-scale satellite-based quantum networks.

Key words: quantum key distribution, satellite-to-ground, beam wandering

中图分类号: (Quantum cryptography and communication security)

03.67.Dd

03.67.Hk (Quantum communication) 03.67.-a (Quantum information)

Chun Zhou(周淳), Yan-Mei Zhao(赵燕美), Xiao-Liang Yang(杨晓亮), Yi-Fei Lu(陆宜飞), Yu Zhou(周雨), Xiao-Lei Jiang(姜晓磊), Hai-Tao Wang(汪海涛), Yang Wang(汪洋), Jia-Ji Li(李家骥), Mu-Sheng Jiang(江木生), Xiang Wang(汪翔), Hai-Long Zhang(张海龙), Hong-Wei Li(李宏伟), and Wan-Su Bao(鲍皖苏). Security analysis of satellite-to-ground reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution with beam wandering[J]. 中国物理B, 2024, 33(8): 80306-080306.

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Security analysis of satellite-to-ground reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution with beam wandering

Security analysis of satellite-to-ground reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution with beam wandering

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