中国物理B ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 68301-068301.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad3b88

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A pressure-sensitive rheological origin of high friction angles of granular matter observed in NASA-MGM project

Xiaohui Cheng(程晓辉)1,†, Shize Xiao(肖世泽)1, Sen Yang(杨森)1, Naifeng Zhao(赵乃峰)2,‡, and Alex Sixie Cao1,3   

  1. 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, Bejing 100084, China;
    2 College of Transportation Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China;
    3 Institute of Structural Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-06 修回日期:2024-03-21 接受日期:2024-04-07 出版日期:2024-06-18 发布日期:2024-06-18
  • 通讯作者: Xiaohui Cheng, Naifeng Zhao E-mail:chengxh@tsinghua.edu.cn;zhaonaifeng@njtech.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    Project supported by the ESA-CMSA/CSU Space Science and Utilization Collaboration Program.

A pressure-sensitive rheological origin of high friction angles of granular matter observed in NASA-MGM project

Xiaohui Cheng(程晓辉)1,†, Shize Xiao(肖世泽)1, Sen Yang(杨森)1, Naifeng Zhao(赵乃峰)2,‡, and Alex Sixie Cao1,3   

  1. 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, Bejing 100084, China;
    2 College of Transportation Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China;
    3 Institute of Structural Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
  • Received:2024-03-06 Revised:2024-03-21 Accepted:2024-04-07 Online:2024-06-18 Published:2024-06-18
  • Contact: Xiaohui Cheng, Naifeng Zhao E-mail:chengxh@tsinghua.edu.cn;zhaonaifeng@njtech.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the ESA-CMSA/CSU Space Science and Utilization Collaboration Program.

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摘要： An abnormally high peak friction angle of Ottawa sand was observed in (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) NASA-(Mechanics of Granular Materials) MGM tests in microgravity conditions on the space shuttle. Previous investigations have been unsuccessful in providing a constitutive insight into this behavior of granular materials under extremely low effective stress conditions. Here, a recently proposed unified constitutive model for transient rheological behavior of sand and other granular materials is adopted for the analytical assessment of high peak friction angles. For the first time, this long-eluded behavior of sand is attributed to a hidden rheological transition mechanism, that is not only rate-sensitive, but also pressure-sensitive. The NASA-MGM microgravity conditions show that shear-tests of sand can be performed under abnormally low confining stress conditions. The pressure-sensitive behavior of granular shearing that is previously ignored is studied based on the $\mu (I)$ rheology and its variations. Comparisons between the model and the NASA microgravity tests demonstrate a high degree of agreement. The research is highly valid for pressure-sensitive and rate-dependent problems that occur during earthquakes, landslides, and space exploration.

关键词: granular matter, microgravity, pressure-sensitive, NASA-MGM

Abstract: An abnormally high peak friction angle of Ottawa sand was observed in (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) NASA-(Mechanics of Granular Materials) MGM tests in microgravity conditions on the space shuttle. Previous investigations have been unsuccessful in providing a constitutive insight into this behavior of granular materials under extremely low effective stress conditions. Here, a recently proposed unified constitutive model for transient rheological behavior of sand and other granular materials is adopted for the analytical assessment of high peak friction angles. For the first time, this long-eluded behavior of sand is attributed to a hidden rheological transition mechanism, that is not only rate-sensitive, but also pressure-sensitive. The NASA-MGM microgravity conditions show that shear-tests of sand can be performed under abnormally low confining stress conditions. The pressure-sensitive behavior of granular shearing that is previously ignored is studied based on the $\mu (I)$ rheology and its variations. Comparisons between the model and the NASA microgravity tests demonstrate a high degree of agreement. The research is highly valid for pressure-sensitive and rate-dependent problems that occur during earthquakes, landslides, and space exploration.

Key words: granular matter, microgravity, pressure-sensitive, NASA-MGM

中图分类号:  (Granular solids)

  • 83.80.Fg
45.70.Cc (Static sandpiles; granular compaction)