Expansion dynamics of a spherical Bose-Einstein condensate

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ab4177

中国物理B ›› 2019, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (10): 106701-106701.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ab4177

• CONDENSED MATTER: STRUCTURAL, MECHANICAL, AND THERMAL PROPERTIES • 上一篇下一篇

Expansion dynamics of a spherical Bose-Einstein condensate

Rui-Zong Li(李睿宗), Tian-You Gao(高天佑), Dong-Fang Zhang(张东方), Shi-Guo Peng(彭世国), Ling-Ran Kong(孔令冉), Xing Shen(沈星), Kai-Jun Jiang(江开军)

1 State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;
2 Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;
3 School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

收稿日期:2019-07-12 修回日期:2019-08-21 出版日期:2019-10-05 发布日期:2019-10-05
通讯作者: Tian-You Gao, Kai-Jun Jiang E-mail:602gty@sina.com;kjjiang@wipm.ac.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0301503), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11674358, 11434015, and 11474315), and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. YJKYYQ20170025).

Expansion dynamics of a spherical Bose-Einstein condensate

Rui-Zong Li(李睿宗)^1,3, Tian-You Gao(高天佑)¹, Dong-Fang Zhang(张东方)¹, Shi-Guo Peng(彭世国)¹, Ling-Ran Kong(孔令冉)^1,3, Xing Shen(沈星)^1,3, Kai-Jun Jiang(江开军)^1,2

1 State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;
2 Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;
3 School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2019-07-12 Revised:2019-08-21 Online:2019-10-05 Published:2019-10-05
Contact: Tian-You Gao, Kai-Jun Jiang E-mail:602gty@sina.com;kjjiang@wipm.ac.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0301503), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11674358, 11434015, and 11474315), and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. YJKYYQ20170025).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

We experimentally and theoretically observe the expansion behaviors of a spherical Bose-Einstein condensate. A rubidium condensate is produced in an isotropic optical dipole trap with an asphericity of 0.037. We measure the variation of the condensate size in the expansion process after switching off the trap. The free expansion of the condensate is isotropic, which is different from that of the condensate usually produced in the anisotropic trap. We derive an analytic solution of the expansion behavior based on the spherical symmetry, allowing a quantitative comparison with the experimental measurement. The interaction energy of the condensate is gradually converted into the kinetic energy during the expansion and after a long time the kinetic energy saturates at a constant value. We obtain the interaction energy of the condensate in the trap by probing the long-time expansion velocity, which agrees with the theoretical calculation. This work paves a way to explore novel quantum states of ultracold gases with the spherical symmetry.

关键词: Bose-Einstein condensate, spherical trap, free expansion

Abstract:

Key words: Bose-Einstein condensate, spherical trap, free expansion

中图分类号: (Ultracold gases, trapped gases)

67.85.-d

67.10.Ba (Boson degeneracy) 34.50.Cx (Elastic; ultracold collisions) 37.10.De (Atom cooling methods)

李睿宗, 高天佑, 张东方, 彭世国, 孔令冉, 沈星, 江开军. Expansion dynamics of a spherical Bose-Einstein condensate[J]. 中国物理B, 2019, 28(10): 106701-106701.

Rui-Zong Li(李睿宗), Tian-You Gao(高天佑), Dong-Fang Zhang(张东方), Shi-Guo Peng(彭世国), Ling-Ran Kong(孔令冉), Xing Shen(沈星), Kai-Jun Jiang(江开军). Expansion dynamics of a spherical Bose-Einstein condensate[J]. Chin. Phys. B, 2019, 28(10): 106701-106701.

参考文献 38

[1]	Dalfovo F, Giorgini S, Pitaevskii L P and Stringari S 1999 Rev. Mod. Phys. 71 463 doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.71.463
[2]	Jin D S, Ensher J R, Matthews M R, Wieman C E and Cornell E A 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 420 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.420
[3]	Mewes M-O, Andrews M R, van Druten N J, Kurn D M, Durfee D S, Townsend C G and Ketterle W 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 988 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.988
[4]	Ozeri R, Katz N, Steinhauer J and Davidson N 2005 Rev. Mod. Phys. 77 187 doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.77.187
[5]	Bloch I, Dalibard J and Zwerger W 2008 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80 885 doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.885
[6]	Georgescu I M, Ashhab S and Nori F 2014 Rev. Mod. Phys. 86 153 doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.86.153
[7]	Eckardt A 2017 Rev. Mod. Phys. 89 011004 doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.89.011004
[8]	Lin Y J, Jimenez-Garcia K and Spielman I B 2011 Nature 471 83 doi: 10.1038/nature09887
[9]	Dalibard J, Gerbier F, Juzeliūnas G and Öhberg P 2011 Rev. Mod. Phys. 83 1523 doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.83.1523
[10]	Kinoshita T, Wenger T and Weiss D S 2006 Nature 440 900 doi: 10.1038/nature04693
[11]	Cazalilla M A, Citro R, Giamarchi T, Orignac E and Rigol M 2011 Rev. Mod. Phys. 83 1405 doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.83.1405
[12]	Ketterle W, Durfee D and Stamper-Kurn D 1999 In Bose-Einstein condensation in atomic gases, Proceedings of the International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi", Course CXL (M Inguscio, S Stringari and C E Wieman (IOS Press: Amsterdam) pp. 67-176
[13]	Dalfovo F and Stringari S 1996 Phys. Rev. A 53 2477 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.53.2477
[14]	Baym G and Pethick C J 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 6
[15]	Castin Y and Dum R 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 5315 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.5315
[16]	Holland M J, Jin D S, Chiofalo M L and Cooper J 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 3801 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.3801
[17]	Dalfovo F, Minniti C, Stringari S and Pitaevskii L P 1997 Phys. Lett. A 227 259 doi: 10.1016/S0375-9601(97)00069-8
[18]	Hodby E, Hechenblaikner G, Marago O M, Arlt J, Hopkins S and Foot C J 2000 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 33 4087 doi: 10.1088/0953-4075/33/19/319
[19]	Lobser D S, Barentine A E S, Cornell E A and Lewandowski H J 2015 Nat. Phys. 11 1009 doi: 10.1038/nphys3491
[20]	Zhang D, Gao T, Kong L, Li K and Jiang K 2016 Chin. Phys. Lett. 33 76701 doi: 10.1088/0256-307X/33/7/076701
[21]	Ernst U, Marte A, Schreck F, Schuster J and Rempe G 1998 Europhys. Lett. 4 1
[22]	Ernst U, Schuster J, Schreck F, Marte A, Kuhn A and Rempe G. 1998 Appl. Phys. B 67 719 doi: 10.1007/s003400050571
[23]	Mewes M-O, Andrews M R, van Druten N J, Kurn D M, Durfee D S and Ketterle W 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 416 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.416
[24]	Zhang D, Gao T, Zou P, Kong L, Li R, Shen X, Chen X, Peng S, Zhan M, Pu H and Jiang K 2019 Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 110402 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.110402
[25]	Gao T, Zhang D, Kong L, Li R and Jiang K 2018 Chin. Phys. Lett. 35 86701 doi: 10.1088/0256-307X/35/8/086701
[26]	Lin Y J, Perry A R, Compton R L, Spielman I B and Porto J V 2009 Phys. Rev. A 79 063631 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.79.063631
[27]	Stringari S 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 2360 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2360
[28]	Chen H R, Lin K Y, Chen P K, Chiu N C, Wang J B, Chen C A, Huang P P, Yip S K, Kawaguchi Y and Lin Y J 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 121 113204 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.113204
[29]	Chen P K, Liu L R, Tsai M J, Chiu N C, Kawaguchi Y, Yip S K, Chang M S and Lin Y J 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 121 250401 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.250401
[30]	Guilleumas M and Pitaevskii L P 1999 Phys. Rev. A 61 013602 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.61.013602
[31]	Gao T, Pan J S, Zhang D, Kong L, Li R, Shen X,Chen X, Peng S G,Zhan M, Liu W V and Jiang K 2018 arXiv: 1805.04727
[32]	Pitaevskii L 1997 Phys. Lett. A 229 406 doi: 10.1016/S0375-9601(97)00261-2
[33]	Rusch M, Morgan S A, Hutchinson D A W and Burnett K 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 4844 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.4844
[34]	Straatsma C J E, Colussi V E, Davis M J, Lobser D S, Holland M J, Anderson D Z, Lewandowski H J and Cornell E A 2016 Phys. Rev. A 94 043640 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.043640
[35]	Liu X J, Hu H, Minguzzi A and Tosi M P 2004 Phys. Rev. A 69 043605 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.69.043605
[36]	Williams J E and Griffin A 2001 Phys. Rev. A 64 013606 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.64.013606
[37]	Jackson B and Zaremba E 2002 Phys. Rev. A 66 033606 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.66.033606
[38]	Giorgini S 2000 Phys. Rev. A 61 063615 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.61.063615

Expansion dynamics of a spherical Bose-Einstein condensate

Expansion dynamics of a spherical Bose-Einstein condensate

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 38

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	Huan Zhang(张欢), Sheng Liu(刘胜), and Yongsheng Zhang(张永生). Anderson localization of a spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate in disorder potential[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(7): 70305-070305.
[2]	Wenliang Liu(刘文良), Ningxuan Zheng(郑宁宣), Jun Jian(蹇君), Li Tian(田丽), Jizhou Wu(武寄洲), Yuqing Li(李玉清), Yongming Fu(付永明), Peng Li(李鹏), Vladimir Sovkov, Jie Ma(马杰), Liantuan Xiao(肖连团), and Suotang Jia(贾锁堂). Superfluid to Mott-insulator transition in a one-dimensional optical lattice[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(7): 73702-073702.
[3]	Hao Zhu(朱浩), Shou-Gen Yin(印寿根), and Wu-Ming Liu(刘伍明). Vortex chains induced by anisotropic spin-orbit coupling and magnetic field in spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensates[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(6): 60305-060305.
[4]	Eng Boon Ng and C. H. Raymond Ooi. Measuring gravitational effect of superintense laser by spin-squeezed Bose—Einstein condensates interferometer[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(5): 53701-053701.
[5]	Hao Zhu(朱浩), Shou-Gen Yin(印寿根), and Wu-Ming Liu(刘伍明). Manipulating vortices in F=2 Bose-Einstein condensates through magnetic field and spin-orbit coupling[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(4): 40306-040306.
[6]	Li Tian(田丽), Ningxuan Zheng(郑宁宣), Jun Jian(蹇君), Wenliang Liu(刘文良), Jizhou Wu(武寄洲), Yuqing Li(李玉清), Yongming Fu(付永明), Peng Li(李鹏), Vladimir Sovkov, Jie Ma(马杰), Liantuan Xiao(肖连团), and Suotang Jia(贾锁堂). Spin current in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate induced by a gradient magnetic field[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(11): 110302-110302.
[7]	Ji-Li Ma(马吉利), Xiao-Xun Li(李晓旬), Rui-Jin Cheng(程瑞锦), Ai-Xia Zhang(张爱霞), and Ju-Kui Xue(薛具奎). Dynamical stability of dipolar condensate in a parametrically modulated one-dimensional optical lattice[J]. 中国物理B, 2021, 30(6): 60307-060307.
[8]	Hui Guo(郭慧), Xu Qiu(邱旭), Yan Ma(马燕), Hai-Feng Jiang(姜海峰), and Xiao-Fei Zhang(张晓斐). Dynamics of bright soliton in a spin-orbit coupled spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate[J]. 中国物理B, 2021, 30(6): 60310-060310.
[9]	Dong-Mei Wang(王冬梅), Jian-Chong Xing(邢健崇), Rong Du(杜荣), Bo Xiong(熊波), and Tao Yang(杨涛). Quantum reflection of a Bose-Einstein condensate with a dark soliton from a step potential[J]. 中国物理B, 2021, 30(12): 120303-120303.
[10]	Xin Li(李欣), Peng Gao(高鹏), Zhan-Ying Yang(杨战营), and Wen-Li Yang(杨文力). Merging and splitting dynamics between two bright solitons in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates[J]. 中国物理B, 2021, 30(12): 120501-120501.
[11]	Hongjuan Meng(蒙红娟), Yushan Zhou(周玉珊), Xueping Ren(任雪平), Xiaohuan Wan(万晓欢), Juan Zhang(张娟), Jing Wang(王静), Xiaobei Fan(樊小贝), Wenyuan Wang(王文元), and Yuren Shi(石玉仁). Nonlinear dynamical stability of gap solitons in Bose-Einstein condensate loaded in a deformed honeycomb optical lattice[J]. 中国物理B, 2021, 30(12): 126701-126701.
[12]	Li Wang(王力), Ji Li(李吉), Xiao-Lin Zhou(周晓林), Xiang-Rong Chen(陈向荣), and Wu-Ming Liu(刘伍明). Adjustable half-skyrmion chains induced by SU(3) spin-orbit coupling in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates[J]. 中国物理B, 2021, 30(11): 110312-110312.
[13]	Ji-Guo Wang(王继国), Yue-Qing Li(李月晴), Han-Zhao Tang(唐翰昭), and Ya-Fei Song(宋亚飞). Spinor F=1 Bose-Einstein condensates loaded in two types of radially-periodic potentials with spin-orbit coupling[J]. 中国物理B, 2021, 30(10): 106701-106701.
[14]	魏春华, 颜树华. Simple and robust method for rapid cooling of ⁸⁷Rb to quantum degeneracy[J]. 中国物理B, 2020, 29(6): 64208-064208.
[15]	牛真霞, 邰永航, 石俊生, 张威. Bose-Einstein condensates in an eightfold symmetric optical lattice[J]. 中国物理B, 2020, 29(5): 56103-056103.