Universal properties of relaxation and diffusion in condensed matter

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/26/1/018105

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

By and large the research communities today are not fully aware of the remarkable universality in the dynamic properties of many-body relaxation/diffusion processes manifested in experiments and simulations on condensed matter with diverse chemical compositions and physical structures. I shall demonstrate the universality first from the dynamic processes in glass-forming systems. This is reinforced by strikingly similar properties of different processes in contrasting interacting systems all having nothing to do with glass transition. The examples given here include glass-forming systems of diverse chemical compositions and physical structures, conductivity relaxation of ionic conductors (liquid, glassy, and crystalline), translation and orientation ordered phase of rigid molecule, and polymer chain dynamics. Universality is also found in the change of dynamics when dimension is reduced to nanometer size in widely different systems. The remarkable universality indicates that many-body relaxation/diffusion is governed by fundamental physics to be unveiled. One candidate is classical chaos on which the coupling model is based, Universal properties predicted by this model are in accord with diverse experiments and simulations.

关键词: many-body relaxation/diffusion, universal dynamics, coupling model, classical chaos

Abstract:

Key words: many-body relaxation/diffusion, universal dynamics, coupling model, classical chaos

中图分类号: (Glasses (including metallic glasses))

81.05.Kf

81.05.Lg (Polymers and plastics; rubber; synthetic and natural fibers; organometallic and organic materials) 81.07.-b (Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization) 89.75.-k (Complex systems)

倪嘉陵. Universal properties of relaxation and diffusion in condensed matter[J]. 中国物理B, 2017, 26(1): 18105-018105.

K L Ngai(倪嘉陵). Universal properties of relaxation and diffusion in condensed matter[J]. Chin. Phys. B, 2017, 26(1): 18105-018105.

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