The duality of a single particle with an n-dimensional internal degree of freedom

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/23/3/030307

中国物理B ›› 2014, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (3): 30307-030307.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/23/3/030307

The duality of a single particle with an n-dimensional internal degree of freedom

贾爱爱^{a b}, 黄接辉^c, 冯伟^b, 张天才^a, 朱诗尧^{a b}

a The State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
b Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100084, China;
c College of Physics and Communication Electronics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China

收稿日期:2013-07-29 修回日期:2013-09-22 出版日期:2014-03-15 发布日期:2014-03-15
基金资助:
Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2012CB921603) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11125418 and 11364022).

The duality of a single particle with an n-dimensional internal degree of freedom

Jia Ai-Ai (贾爱爱)^{a b}, Huang Jie-Hui (黄接辉)^c, Feng Wei (冯伟)^b, Zhang Tian-Cai (张天才)^a, Zhu Shi-Yao (朱诗尧)^{a b}

a The State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
b Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100084, China;
c College of Physics and Communication Electronics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China

Received:2013-07-29 Revised:2013-09-22 Online:2014-03-15 Published:2014-03-15
Contact: Jia Ai-Ai E-mail:jiaaiai1988@163.com
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2012CB921603) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11125418 and 11364022).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： The wave–particle duality of a single particle with an n-dimensional internal degree of freedom is re-examined theoretically in a Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The famous duality relation D²+V² ≤ 1 is always valid in this situation, where D is the distinguishability and V is the visibility. However, the sum of the particle information and the wave information, D²+V², can be smaller than one for the input of a pure state if this initial pure state includes the internal degree of freedom of the particle, while the quantity D²+V² is always equal to one when the internal degree of freedom of the particle is excluded.

关键词: wave–, particle duality, internal degree of freedom, single particle

Abstract: The wave–particle duality of a single particle with an n-dimensional internal degree of freedom is re-examined theoretically in a Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The famous duality relation D²+V² ≤ 1 is always valid in this situation, where D is the distinguishability and V is the visibility. However, the sum of the particle information and the wave information, D²+V², can be smaller than one for the input of a pure state if this initial pure state includes the internal degree of freedom of the particle, while the quantity D²+V² is always equal to one when the internal degree of freedom of the particle is excluded.

Key words: wave–, particle duality, internal degree of freedom, single particle

中图分类号: (Foundations of quantum mechanics; measurement theory)

03.65.Ta

42.50.Xa (Optical tests of quantum theory) 07.60.Ly (Interferometers)

贾爱爱, 黄接辉, 冯伟, 张天才, 朱诗尧. The duality of a single particle with an n-dimensional internal degree of freedom[J]. 中国物理B, 2014, 23(3): 30307-030307.

Jia Ai-Ai (贾爱爱), Huang Jie-Hui (黄接辉), Feng Wei (冯伟), Zhang Tian-Cai (张天才), Zhu Shi-Yao (朱诗尧). The duality of a single particle with an n-dimensional internal degree of freedom[J]. Chin. Phys. B, 2014, 23(3): 30307-030307.

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The duality of a single particle with an n-dimensional internal degree of freedom

The duality of a single particle with an n-dimensional internal degree of freedom

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