中国物理B ›› 2008, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (5): 1863-1868.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/17/5/053

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Cellular automaton model considering headway-distance effect

高 坤1, 陆玉凤1, 胡守信2, 汪秉宏3   

  1. (1)Department of Modern Physics and Nonlinear Science Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (2)Department of Modern Physics and Nonlinear Science Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;Department of Science, Bengbu College, Bengbu 233050, China; (3)Department of Modern Physics and Nonlinear Science Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;Shanghai Academy of System Science, Shanghai
  • 收稿日期:2007-06-07 修回日期:2007-12-04 出版日期:2008-05-20 发布日期:2008-05-20
  • 基金资助:
    Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program No 2006CB705500), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 10635040, 10532060, 10472116 and 70271070), by the Special Research Funds for Theoretical Physics

Cellular automaton model considering headway-distance effect

Hu Shou-Xin(胡守信)a)b), Gao Kun(高坤)a)†, Wang Bing-Hong(汪秉宏)a)c), and Lu Yu-Feng(陆玉凤)a)   

  1. a Department of Modern Physics and Nonlinear Science Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; b Department of Science, Bengbu College, Bengbu 233050, China; c Shanghai Academy of System Science, Shanghai 200093, China
  • Received:2007-06-07 Revised:2007-12-04 Online:2008-05-20 Published:2008-05-20
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program No 2006CB705500), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 10635040, 10532060, 10472116 and 70271070), by the Special Research Funds for Theoretical Physics

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摘要： This paper presents a cellular automaton model for single-lane traffic flow. On the basis of the Nagel--Schreckenberg (NS) model, it further considers the effect of headway-distance between two successive cars on the randomization of the latter one. In numerical simulations, this model shows the following characteristics. (1) With a simple structure, this model succeeds in reproducing the hysteresis effect, which is absent in the NS model. (2) Compared with the slow-to-start models, this model exhibits a local fundamental diagram which is more consistent to empirical observations. (3) This model has much higher efficiency in dissolving congestions compared with the so-called NS model with velocity-dependent randomization (VDR model). (4) This model is more robust when facing traffic obstructions. It can resist much longer shock times and has much shorter relaxation times on the other hand. To summarize, compared with the existing models, this model is quite simple in structure, but has good characteristics.

关键词: traffic flow, headway-distance, phase-transition, fundamental diagram

Abstract: This paper presents a cellular automaton model for single-lane traffic flow. On the basis of the Nagel--Schreckenberg (NS) model, it further considers the effect of headway-distance between two successive cars on the randomization of the latter one. In numerical simulations, this model shows the following characteristics. (1) With a simple structure, this model succeeds in reproducing the hysteresis effect, which is absent in the NS model. (2) Compared with the slow-to-start models, this model exhibits a local fundamental diagram which is more consistent to empirical observations. (3) This model has much higher efficiency in dissolving congestions compared with the so-called NS model with velocity-dependent randomization (VDR model). (4) This model is more robust when facing traffic obstructions. It can resist much longer shock times and has much shorter relaxation times on the other hand. To summarize, compared with the existing models, this model is quite simple in structure, but has good characteristics.

Key words: traffic flow, headway-distance, phase-transition, fundamental diagram

中图分类号:  (Granular models of complex systems; traffic flow)

  • 45.70.Vn
05.40.-a (Fluctuation phenomena, random processes, noise, and Brownian motion) 89.40.Bb (Land transportation)