[1] Ohtomo A and Hwang H Y 2004 Nature 427 423 [2] Reyren N, Thiel S, Caviglia A D, Kourkoutis L F, Hammerl G, Richter C, Schneider C W, Kopp T, Ruetschi A, Jaccard D, Gabay M, Muller D A, Triscone J and Mannhart J 2007 Science 317 1196 [3] Chen Z, Liu Y, Zhang H, Liu Z, Tian H, Sun Y, Zhang M, Zhou Y, Sun J and Xie Y 2021 Science 372 721 [4] Ren T S, Li M C, Sun X K, Ju L L, Liu Y, Hong S Y, Sun Y Q, Tao Q, Zhou Y, Xu Z and Xie Y W 2022 Sci. Adv. 8 eabn4273 [5] Caviglia A D, Gabay M, Gariglio S, Reyren N, Cancellieri C and Triscone J 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 126803 [6] King P D C, He R H, Eknapakul T, Buaphet P, Mo S K, Kaneko Y, Harashima S, Hikita Y, Bahramy M S, Bell C, Hussain Z, Tokura Y, Shen Z X, Hwang H Y, Baumberger F and Meevasana W 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 117602 [7] Xu H, Li H and Gauquelin N, et al. 2024 Adv. Mater. 36 2313297 [8] Park D S, Rata A D and Maznichenko I V, et al. 2020 Nat. Commun. 11 3650 [9] Hua X Y, Zeng Z M, Meng F B, Yao H X, Huang Z Y, Long X Y, Li Z H, Wang Y F, Wang Z Y, Wu T, Weng Z Y, Wang Y H, Liu Z, Xiang Z J and Chen X H 2024 Nat. Phys. 20 957 [10] Ning Z F, Qian J H, Liu Y X, Chen F, Zhang M Z, Deng L W, Yuan X L, Ge Q Q, Jin H, Zhang G Q, Peng W, Qiao S, Mu G, Chen Y and Li W 2024 Nano Lett. 24 7134 [11] Liu G Z, Qiu J, Jiang Y C, Zhao R and Gao J 2018 Mater. Res. Express 5 046308 [12] Yang G, Kim Y, Jeon J, Lee M, Kim D, Kim S, Eom K and Lee H 2023 Nano Lett. 23 6369 [13] Li D F, Lee K, Wang B Y, Osada M, Crossley S, Lee H R, Cui Y, Hikita Y and Hwang H Y 2019 Nature 572 624 [14] Huang K and Han R Q 1988 Solid State Physics 1st Edn. (Beijing: Higher Education Press) [15] Baroni S, de Gironcoli S, Dal Corso A and Giannozzi P 2001 Rev. Mod. Phys. 73 515 [16] Kumar N, Najimu M O, Cho Y J, Gilliard-AbdulAziz K L, Nikolla E, Wu Z and Wachs I E 2025 Chem. Rev. 125 8921 [17] Sobota J A, Teitelbaum S W and Huang Y, et al. 2023 Phys. Rev. B 107 014305 [18] Shi R C, Li Q I, Xu X F, Han B, Zhu R X, Liu F C, Qi R S, Zhang X W, Du J L, Chen J, Yu D P, Zhu X T, Guo J D and Gao P 2024 Nat. Commun. 15 3418 [19] Pentcheva R and Pickett W E 2006 Phys. Rev. B 74 035112 [20] Lee H, Campbell N, Lee J, Asel T J, Paudel T R, Zhou H, Lee J W, Noesges B, Seo J, Park B, Brillson L J, Oh S H, Tsymbal E Y, Rzchowski M S and Eom C B 2018 Nat. Mater. 17 231 [21] Zhang Z and Yates J T 2012 Chem. Rev. 112 5520 [22] Cao Y, Chen S Y, Li Y D, Gao Y, Yang D H, Shen Y R and Liu W T 2016 Sci. Adv. 2 e1601162 [23] Zhang S Y, Wei T, Guan J Q, Zhu Q, Qin W, Wang W H, Zhang J D, Plummer E W, Zhu X T, Zhang Z Y and Guo J D 2019 Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 066802 [24] Yang H B, Zhou Y N, Miao G Y, Rusz J, Yan X X, Guzman F, Xu X F, Xu X H, Aoki T, Zeiger P, Zhu X T, Wang W H, Guo J D, Wu R Q and Pan X Q 2024 Nature 635 332 [25] Karmanenko S F, Belousov M V, Chakalov R A, Davydov V Y, Dedyk A I, Likholetov Y V, Njakshev K F, Pavlovskaya M V and TerMartirosyan L T 1994 Supercond. Sci. Technol. 7 727 [26] Zhang M D, Shi R C, Wu R, Jiao X T, Shi M X, Liu J X, Wang Y B, Dong W F, Ding C, Qin T X, Liu H Y, Wang L L, Zhang Z Y, Gao P, Xue Q K and Xiong Q H 2025 Phys. Rev. Lett. 135 126903 [27] Shen Y R 1989 Nature 337 519 [28] Gunter T, Rubano A, Paparo D, Lillienblum M, Marrucci L, Miletto Granozio F, Scotti Di Uccio U, Jany R, Richter C, Mannhart J and Fiebig M 2012 Phys. Rev. B 86 235418 [29] Shen Y R 1984 The Principles of Nonlinear Optics (New York: WileyInterscience) [30] Shen Y R 2016 Fundamentals of Sum-Frequency Spectroscopy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) [31] Liu W T and Shen Y R 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 024302 [32] Liu X Y, Zhou T, Yuan Z, Ma C J, Lu F J, Liu T Y, Li J S, Wei S H, Cheng G L and Liu W T 2023 Sci. Adv. 9 eadg7037 [33] Gonzalez R J, Zallen R and Berger H 1997 Phys. Rev. B 55 7014 [34] Dresselhaus M S, Dresselhaus G and Jorio A 2008 Group Theory: Application to the Physics of Condensed Matter (Berlin: Springer) [35] Fujishima A, Zhang X and Tryk D A 2008 Surf. Sci. Rep. 63 515 [36] Setvin M, Franchini C, Hao X, Schmid M, Janotti A, Kaltak M, Van de Walle C G, Kresse G and Diebold U 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 086402 [37] Scheiber P, Fidler M, Dulub O, Schmid M, Diebold U, Hou W, Aschauer U and Selloni A 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 136103 [38] Tilocca A and Selloni A 2004 J. Phys. Chem. B 108 19314 [39] Tilocca A and Selloni A 2004 J. Phys. Chem. B 108 4743 [40] Li Y D and Gao Y 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 206101 [41] Liu X Y, Zhou T and Liu W T 2019 J. Chem. Phys. 150 084701 [42] Guo N, Chen X Y, Yu T L, Fan Y, Zhang Q H, Lei M, Xu X F, Zhu X T, Guo J D, Gu L, Xu H C, Peng R and Feng D L 2024 Nano Lett. 24 8587 [43] Fuchs R and Kliewer K L 1965 Phys. Rev. 140 A2076 [44] Luth H 2015 Solid Surfaces, Interfaces and Thin Films 6th Edn. (Cham: Springer) [45] Garcia A B S, Bispo-Jr A G, Lima S A M and Pires A M 2021 Mater. Res. Bull. 143 111462 [46] Pauli S A, Leake S J, Delley B, Bjorck M, Schneider C W, Schlep utz C M, Martoccia D, Paetel S, Mannhart J and Willmott P R 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 036101 [47] Zhou J, Asmara T C, Yang M, Sawatzky G A, Feng Y P and Rusydi A 2015 Phys. Rev. B 92 125423 [48] Lee P W, Singh V N, Guo G Y, Liu H J, Lin J C, Chu Y H, Chen C H and Chu M W 2016 Nat. Commun. 7 12773 [49] Savoia A, Paparo D, Perna P, Ristic Z, Salluzzo M, Granozio F M, di Uccio U S, Richter C, Thiel S, Mannhart J and Marrucci L 2009 Phys. Rev. B 80 075110 |