Accurate electron affinity of atomic rhodium and fine structure of its anion

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ae5173

中国物理B ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 63202-063202.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ae5173

Accurate electron affinity of atomic rhodium and fine structure of its anion

Jiayi Chen(陈嘉逸)¹, Rui Zhang(张瑞)¹, Wenru Jie(揭文茹)¹, Qihan Liu(柳淇瀚)¹, and Chuangang Ning(宁传刚)^1,2,†

1 Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
2 Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

收稿日期:2026-02-03 修回日期:2026-03-05 接受日期:2026-03-13 发布日期:2026-06-05
通讯作者: Chuangang Ning E-mail:ningcg@tsinghua.edu.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12374244 and 12341401).

Accurate electron affinity of atomic rhodium and fine structure of its anion

Jiayi Chen(陈嘉逸)¹, Rui Zhang(张瑞)¹, Wenru Jie(揭文茹)¹, Qihan Liu(柳淇瀚)¹, and Chuangang Ning(宁传刚)^1,2,†

1 Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
2 Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received:2026-02-03 Revised:2026-03-05 Accepted:2026-03-13 Published:2026-06-05
Contact: Chuangang Ning E-mail:ningcg@tsinghua.edu.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12374244 and 12341401).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： Rhodium (Rh) is a rare and expensive metal, mainly used as a catalyst. Investigating its electronic structure aids in elucidating the mechanisms that govern catalytic reactions. In this work, we employed the high-resolution slow-electron velocity-map imaging (SEVI) method to measure the electron affinity (EA) of Rh and the electronic structure of its atomic anion Rh$^{-}$. The EA of the Rh atom was determined to be 9216.8(4) cm$^{-1}$ or 1.14273(5) eV, representing a fourfold enhancement in precision over the previous best result. Moreover, the energy levels of Rh$^-$ were measured to be 0.41178(15) eV ($ {}^{3}{\rm F}_{2}$) and 0.28668(7) eV ($ {}^{3}{\rm F}_{3}$) above the ground state $^{3}{\rm F}_{4}$, with an accuracy improved by factors of 110 and 50, respectively, compared to earlier measurements.

关键词: electron affinity, fine structure, rhodium anion, slow-electron velocity-map imaging

Abstract: Rhodium (Rh) is a rare and expensive metal, mainly used as a catalyst. Investigating its electronic structure aids in elucidating the mechanisms that govern catalytic reactions. In this work, we employed the high-resolution slow-electron velocity-map imaging (SEVI) method to measure the electron affinity (EA) of Rh and the electronic structure of its atomic anion Rh$^{-}$. The EA of the Rh atom was determined to be 9216.8(4) cm$^{-1}$ or 1.14273(5) eV, representing a fourfold enhancement in precision over the previous best result. Moreover, the energy levels of Rh$^-$ were measured to be 0.41178(15) eV ($ {}^{3}{\rm F}_{2}$) and 0.28668(7) eV ($ {}^{3}{\rm F}_{3}$) above the ground state $^{3}{\rm F}_{4}$, with an accuracy improved by factors of 110 and 50, respectively, compared to earlier measurements.

Key words: electron affinity, fine structure, rhodium anion, slow-electron velocity-map imaging

中图分类号: (Ionization potentials, electron affinities)

32.10.Hq

32.10.Fn (Fine and hyperfine structure) 32.80.Gc (Photodetachment of atomic negative ions) 37.10.Ty (Ion trapping)

Jiayi Chen(陈嘉逸), Rui Zhang(张瑞), Wenru Jie(揭文茹), Qihan Liu(柳淇瀚), and Chuangang Ning(宁传刚). Accurate electron affinity of atomic rhodium and fine structure of its anion[J]. 中国物理B, 2026, 35(6): 63202-063202.

Jiayi Chen(陈嘉逸), Rui Zhang(张瑞), Wenru Jie(揭文茹), Qihan Liu(柳淇瀚), and Chuangang Ning(宁传刚). Accurate electron affinity of atomic rhodium and fine structure of its anion[J]. Chin. Phys. B, 2026, 35(6): 63202-063202.

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Accurate electron affinity of atomic rhodium and fine structure of its anion

Accurate electron affinity of atomic rhodium and fine structure of its anion

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