SnO2/Co3O4 nanofibers using double jets electrospinning as low operating temperature gas sensor

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ac1336

中国物理B ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 28101-028101.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ac1336

SnO₂/Co₃O₄ nanofibers using double jets electrospinning as low operating temperature gas sensor

Zhao Wang(王昭), Shu-Xing Fan(范树兴), and Wei Tang(唐伟)^†

School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China

收稿日期:2021-04-25 修回日期:2021-06-28 接受日期:2021-07-12 出版日期:2022-01-13 发布日期:2022-01-18
通讯作者: Wei Tang E-mail:tangweiyouxiang@foxmail.com

SnO₂/Co₃O₄ nanofibers using double jets electrospinning as low operating temperature gas sensor

Zhao Wang(王昭), Shu-Xing Fan(范树兴), and Wei Tang(唐伟)^†

School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China

Received:2021-04-25 Revised:2021-06-28 Accepted:2021-07-12 Online:2022-01-13 Published:2022-01-18
Contact: Wei Tang E-mail:tangweiyouxiang@foxmail.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： SnO₂/Co₃O₄ nanofibers (NFs) are synthesized by using a homopolar electrospinning system with double jets of positive polarity electric fields. The morphology and structure of SnO₂/Co₃O₄ hetero-nanofibers are characterized by using field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and x-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). The analyses of SnO₂/Co₃O₄ NFs by EDS and HRTEM show that the cobalt and tin exist on one nanofiber, which is related to the homopolar electrospinning and the crystallization during sintering. As a typical n-type semiconductor, SnO₂ has the disadvantages of high optimal operating temperature and poor reproducibility. Comparing with SnO₂, the optimal operating temperature of SnO₂/Co₃O₄ NFs is reduced from 350℃ to 250℃, which may be related to the catalysis of Co₃O₄. The response of SnO₂/Co₃O₄ to 100-ppm ethanol at 250℃ is 50.9, 9 times higher than that of pure SnO₂, which may be attributed to the p-n heterojunction between the n-type SnO₂ crystalline grain and the p-type Co₃O₄ crystalline grain. The nanoscale p-n heterojunction promotes the electron migration and forms an interface barrier. The synergy effects between SnO₂ and Co₃O₄, the crystalline grain p-n heterojunction, the existence of nanofibers and the large specific surface area all jointly contribute to the improved gas sensing performance.

关键词: SnO₂/Co₃O₄ nanofibers (NFs), homopolar double jets electrospinning, gas sensors, nanoscale p-n heterojunction

Abstract: SnO₂/Co₃O₄ nanofibers (NFs) are synthesized by using a homopolar electrospinning system with double jets of positive polarity electric fields. The morphology and structure of SnO₂/Co₃O₄ hetero-nanofibers are characterized by using field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and x-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). The analyses of SnO₂/Co₃O₄ NFs by EDS and HRTEM show that the cobalt and tin exist on one nanofiber, which is related to the homopolar electrospinning and the crystallization during sintering. As a typical n-type semiconductor, SnO₂ has the disadvantages of high optimal operating temperature and poor reproducibility. Comparing with SnO₂, the optimal operating temperature of SnO₂/Co₃O₄ NFs is reduced from 350℃ to 250℃, which may be related to the catalysis of Co₃O₄. The response of SnO₂/Co₃O₄ to 100-ppm ethanol at 250℃ is 50.9, 9 times higher than that of pure SnO₂, which may be attributed to the p-n heterojunction between the n-type SnO₂ crystalline grain and the p-type Co₃O₄ crystalline grain. The nanoscale p-n heterojunction promotes the electron migration and forms an interface barrier. The synergy effects between SnO₂ and Co₃O₄, the crystalline grain p-n heterojunction, the existence of nanofibers and the large specific surface area all jointly contribute to the improved gas sensing performance.

Key words: SnO₂/Co₃O₄ nanofibers (NFs), homopolar double jets electrospinning, gas sensors, nanoscale p-n heterojunction

中图分类号: (Methods of micro- and nanofabrication and processing)

81.16.-c

81.07.-b (Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization) 85.35.-p (Nanoelectronic devices)

Zhao Wang(王昭), Shu-Xing Fan(范树兴), and Wei Tang(唐伟). SnO₂/Co₃O₄ nanofibers using double jets electrospinning as low operating temperature gas sensor[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(2): 28101-028101.

Zhao Wang(王昭), Shu-Xing Fan(范树兴), and Wei Tang(唐伟). SnO₂/Co₃O₄ nanofibers using double jets electrospinning as low operating temperature gas sensor[J]. Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(2): 28101-028101.

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SnO₂/Co₃O₄ nanofibers using double jets electrospinning as low operating temperature gas sensor

SnO₂/Co₃O₄ nanofibers using double jets electrospinning as low operating temperature gas sensor

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