中国物理B ›› 2017, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (7): 75204-075204.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/26/7/075204

• PHYSICS OF GASES, PLASMAS, AND ELECTRIC DISCHARGES • 上一篇    下一篇

Numerical simulation of the initial plasma formation and current transfer in single-wire electrical explosion in vacuum

Kun Wang(王坤), Zong-Qian Shi(史宗谦), Yuan-Jie Shi(石元杰), Jun Bai(白骏), Jian Wu(吴坚), Shen-Li Jia(贾申利), Ai-Ci Qiu(邱爱慈)   

  1. 1 Province & #8211;Ministry Joint Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China;
    2 State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
  • 收稿日期:2016-11-29 修回日期:2017-03-29 出版日期:2017-07-05 发布日期:2017-07-05
  • 通讯作者: Zong-Qian Shi E-mail:zqshi@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    Project supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.51322706,51237006,and 51325705),the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University,China (Grant No.NCET-11-0428),and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China.

Numerical simulation of the initial plasma formation and current transfer in single-wire electrical explosion in vacuum

Kun Wang(王坤)1, Zong-Qian Shi(史宗谦)2, Yuan-Jie Shi(石元杰)2, Jun Bai(白骏)2, Jian Wu(吴坚)2, Shen-Li Jia(贾申利)2, Ai-Ci Qiu(邱爱慈)2   

  1. 1 Province & #8211;Ministry Joint Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China;
    2 State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
  • Received:2016-11-29 Revised:2017-03-29 Online:2017-07-05 Published:2017-07-05
  • Contact: Zong-Qian Shi E-mail:zqshi@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.51322706,51237006,and 51325705),the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University,China (Grant No.NCET-11-0428),and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China.

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摘要： In this paper, a computational model is constructed to investigate the phenomenon of the initial plasma formation and current transfer in the single-wire electrical explosion in a vacuum. The process of the single-wire electrical explosion is divided into four stages. Stage I:the wire is in solid state. Stage Ⅱ:the melting stage. Stage Ⅲ:the wire melts completely and the initial plasma forms. Stage IV:the core and corona expand separately. The thermodynamic calculation is applied before the wire melts completely in stages I and Ⅱ. In stage Ⅲ, a one-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics model comes into play until the instant when the voltage collapse occurs. The temperature, density, and velocity, which are derived from the magnetohydrodynamics calculation, are averaged over the distribution area. The averaged parameters are taken as the initial conditions for stage IV in which a simplified magnetohydrodynamics model is applied. A wide-range semi-empirical equation of state, which is established based on the Thomas–Fermi–Kirzhnits model, is constructed to describe the phase transition from solid state to plasma state. The initial plasma formation and the phenomenon of current transfer in the electrical explosion of aluminum wire are investigated using the computational model. Experiments of electrical explosion of aluminum wires are carried out to verify this model. Simulation results are also compared with experimental results of the electrical explosion of copper wire.

关键词: single-wire electrical explosion, plasma formation, current transfer

Abstract: In this paper, a computational model is constructed to investigate the phenomenon of the initial plasma formation and current transfer in the single-wire electrical explosion in a vacuum. The process of the single-wire electrical explosion is divided into four stages. Stage I:the wire is in solid state. Stage Ⅱ:the melting stage. Stage Ⅲ:the wire melts completely and the initial plasma forms. Stage IV:the core and corona expand separately. The thermodynamic calculation is applied before the wire melts completely in stages I and Ⅱ. In stage Ⅲ, a one-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics model comes into play until the instant when the voltage collapse occurs. The temperature, density, and velocity, which are derived from the magnetohydrodynamics calculation, are averaged over the distribution area. The averaged parameters are taken as the initial conditions for stage IV in which a simplified magnetohydrodynamics model is applied. A wide-range semi-empirical equation of state, which is established based on the Thomas–Fermi–Kirzhnits model, is constructed to describe the phase transition from solid state to plasma state. The initial plasma formation and the phenomenon of current transfer in the electrical explosion of aluminum wire are investigated using the computational model. Experiments of electrical explosion of aluminum wires are carried out to verify this model. Simulation results are also compared with experimental results of the electrical explosion of copper wire.

Key words: single-wire electrical explosion, plasma formation, current transfer

中图分类号:  (Explosions; exploding wires)

  • 52.80.Qj
52.65.Kj (Magnetohydrodynamic and fluid equation)