Electronic structure, Dirac points and Fermi arc surface states in three-dimensional Dirac semimetal Na3Bi from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/25/7/077101

中国物理B ›› 2016, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (7): 77101-077101.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/25/7/077101

• SPECIAL TOPIC—Soft matter and biological physics (Review) • 上一篇下一篇

Electronic structure, Dirac points and Fermi arc surface states in three-dimensional Dirac semimetal Na₃Bi from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

Aiji Liang(梁爱基), Chaoyu Chen(陈朝宇), Zhijun Wang(王志俊), Youguo Shi(石友国), Ya Feng(冯娅), Hemian Yi(伊合绵), Zhuojin Xie(谢卓晋), Shaolong He(何少龙), Junfeng He(何俊峰), Yingying Peng(彭莹莹), Yan Liu(刘艳), Defa Liu(刘德发), Cheng Hu(胡成), Lin Zhao(赵林), Guodong Liu(刘国东), Xiaoli Dong(董晓莉), Jun Zhang(张君), M Nakatake, H Iwasawa, K Shimada, M Arita, H Namatame, M Taniguchi, Zuyan Xu(许祖彦), Chuangtian Chen(陈创天), Hongming Weng(翁红明), Xi Dai(戴希), Zhong Fang(方忠), Xing-Jiang Zhou(周兴江)

1 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2 Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, 739-0046, Japan;
3 Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
4 Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China

收稿日期:2016-05-12 修回日期:2016-06-03 出版日期:2016-07-05 发布日期:2016-07-05
通讯作者: Shaolong He, Xing-Jiang Zhou E-mail:XJZhou@aphy.iphy.ac.cn;shaolonghe@aphy.iphy.ac.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11574367), the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2013CB921700, 2013CB921904, and 2015CB921300), and the Strategic Priority Research Program (B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB07020300). The synchrotron radiation experiments have been done under the HiSOR Proposal numbers, 12-B-47 and 13-B-16.

Electronic structure, Dirac points and Fermi arc surface states in three-dimensional Dirac semimetal Na₃Bi from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

Aiji Liang(梁爱基)¹, Chaoyu Chen(陈朝宇)¹, Zhijun Wang(王志俊)¹, Youguo Shi(石友国)¹, Ya Feng(冯娅)¹, Hemian Yi(伊合绵)¹, Zhuojin Xie(谢卓晋)¹, Shaolong He(何少龙)¹, Junfeng He(何俊峰)¹, Yingying Peng(彭莹莹)¹, Yan Liu(刘艳)¹, Defa Liu(刘德发)¹, Cheng Hu(胡成)¹, Lin Zhao(赵林)¹, Guodong Liu(刘国东)¹, Xiaoli Dong(董晓莉)¹, Jun Zhang(张君)¹, M Nakatake², H Iwasawa², K Shimada², M Arita², H Namatame², M Taniguchi², Zuyan Xu(许祖彦)³, Chuangtian Chen(陈创天)³, Hongming Weng(翁红明)^1,4, Xi Dai(戴希)^1,4, Zhong Fang(方忠)^1,4, Xing-Jiang Zhou(周兴江)^1,4

1 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2 Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, 739-0046, Japan;
3 Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
4 Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China

Received:2016-05-12 Revised:2016-06-03 Online:2016-07-05 Published:2016-07-05
Contact: Shaolong He, Xing-Jiang Zhou E-mail:XJZhou@aphy.iphy.ac.cn;shaolonghe@aphy.iphy.ac.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11574367), the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2013CB921700, 2013CB921904, and 2015CB921300), and the Strategic Priority Research Program (B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB07020300). The synchrotron radiation experiments have been done under the HiSOR Proposal numbers, 12-B-47 and 13-B-16.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

The three-dimensional (3D) Dirac semimetals have linearly dispersive 3D Dirac nodes where the conduction band and valence band are connected. They have isolated 3D Dirac nodes in the whole Brillouin zone and can be viewed as a 3D counterpart of graphene. Recent theoretical calculations and experimental results indicate that the 3D Dirac semimetal state can be realized in a simple stoichiometric compound A₃Bi (A = Na, K, Rb). Here we report comprehensive high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) measurements on the two cleaved surfaces, (001) and (100), of Na₃Bi. On the (001) surface, by comparison with theoretical calculations, we provide a proper assignment of the observed bands, and in particular, pinpoint the band that is responsible for the formation of the three-dimensional Dirac cones. We observe clear evidence of 3D Dirac cones in the three-dimensional momentum space by directly measuring on the k_x-k_y plane and by varying the photon energy to get access to different out-of-plane k_zs. In addition, we reveal new features around the Brillouin zone corners that may be related with surface reconstruction. On the (100) surface, our ARPES measurements over a large momentum space raise an issue on the selection of the basic Brillouin zone in the (100) plane. We directly observe two isolated 3D Dirac nodes on the (100) surface. We observe the signature of the Fermi-arc surface states connecting the two 3D Dirac nodes that extend to a binding energy of ～150 meV before merging into the bulk band. Our observations constitute strong evidence on the existence of the Dirac semimetal state in Na₃Bi that are consistent with previous theoretical and experimental work. In addition, our results provide new information to clarify on the nature of the band that forms the 3D Dirac cones, on the possible formation of surface reconstruction of the (001) surface, and on the issue of basic Brillouin zone selection for the (100) surface.

关键词: Dirac semimetal, Na₃Bi, photonemission, surface state

Abstract:

Key words: Dirac semimetal, Na₃Bi, photonemission, surface state

中图分类号: (Electron density of states and band structure of crystalline solids)

71.20.-b

73.20.-r (Electron states at surfaces and interfaces) 79.60.Bm (Clean metal, semiconductor, and insulator surfaces) 03.65.Pm (Relativistic wave equations)

梁爱基, 陈朝宇, 王志俊, 石友国, 冯娅, 伊合绵, 谢卓晋, 何少龙, 何俊峰, 彭莹莹, 刘艳, 刘德发, 胡成, 赵林, 刘国东, 董晓莉, 张君, M Nakatake, H Iwasawa, K Shimada, M Arita, H Namatame, M Taniguchi, 许祖彦, 陈创天, 翁红明, 戴希, 方忠, 周兴江. Electronic structure, Dirac points and Fermi arc surface states in three-dimensional Dirac semimetal Na₃Bi from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy[J]. 中国物理B, 2016, 25(7): 77101-077101.

参考文献 49

[1]	Wan X, Turner A M, Vishwanath A and Savrasov S Y 2011 Phys. Rev. B 83 205101
[2]	Turner A M and Vishwanath 2013 arXiv:1301.0330
[3]	Yang B J and Nagaosa N 2014 Nat. Commun. 5 4898
[4]	Weng H, Dai X and Fang Z 2014 MRS Bulletin 39 849
[5]	Nielsen H B and Ninomiya M 1981 Nucl. Phys. B 185 20
[6]	Nielsen H B and Ninomiya M 1981 Nucl. Phys. B 193 173
[7]	Murakami S 2007 New J. Phys. 9 356
[8]	Murakami S 2011 Physica E 43 748
[9]	Balents L 2011 Physics 4 36
[10]	Xu G, Weng H, Wang Z, Dai X, and Fang Z 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 186806
[11]	Burkov A A and Balents L 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 127205
[12]	Burkov A A, Hook M D and Balents L 2011 Phys. Rev. B 84 235126
[13]	Zyuzin A A, Wu S and Burkov A A 2012 Phys. Rev. B 85 165110
[14]	Halasz G B and Balents L 2012 Phys. Rev. B 85 035103
[15]	Young S M, Zaheer S, Teo J C Y, Mele E J and Rappe A M 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 140405
[16]	Wang Z, Sun Y, Chen X, Franchini C, Xu G, Weng H, Dai X and Fang Z 2012 Phys. Rev. B 85 195320
[17]	Liu Z, Zhou B, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Weng H, Prabhakaran D, Mo S K, Shen Z, Fang Z, Dai X, Hussain Z and Chen Y 2014 Science 343 864
[18]	Zhang Y, Liu Z, Zhou B, Kim Y, Hussain Z, Shen Z, Chen Y and Mo S K 2014 Appl. Phys. Lett. 105 031901
[19]	Wen J, Guo H, Yan C, Wang Z, Chang K, Deng P, Zhang T, Zhang Z, Ji S, Wang L, He K, Ma X, Chen X and Xue Q 2014 Chin. Phys. Lett. 31 116802
[20]	Wen J, Guo H, Yan C, Wang Z, Chang K, Deng P, Zhang T, Zhang Z, Ji S, Wang L, He K, Ma X, Chen X and Xue Q 2015 Applied Surface Science 327 213
[21]	Xu S, Liu C, Kushwaha S K, Sankar R, Krizan J W, Belopplski I, Neupane M, Bian G, Alidoust N, Chang T R, Jeng H J, Huang C, Tsai W, Lin H, Shibayev P P, Chou F, Cava R J and Hasan M Z 2015 Science 347 294
[22]	Xu S, Liu C, Belopolski I, Kushwaha S K, Sankar R, Krizan J W, Chang T R, Polley C M, Adell J, Balasubramanian T, Miyamoto K, Alidoust N, Bian G, Neupane M, Jeng H J, Huang C, Tsai W, Okuda T, Bansil A, Chou F, Cava R J, Lin H and Hasan M Z 2015 Phys. Rev. B 92 075115
[23]	Xiong J, Kushwaha S K, Liang T, Krizan J W, Hirschberger M, Wang W, Cava R J and Ong N P 2015 Science 350 6259
[24]	Kushwaha S K, Krizan J W, Feldman B E, Gyenls A, Randerla M, Xiong J, Xu S-Y, Aldoust N, Belopolski I, Liang T, Hasan M Z, Ong N P, Yazdani A and Cava R J 2015 APL Mater. 3 041504
[25]	Gorbar E V, Miransky V A, Shovkovy I A and Sukhachov P O 2015 Phys. Rev. B 91 235138
[26]	Wang Z, Weng H, Wu Q, Dai X and Fang Z 2013 Phys. Rev. B 88 125427
[27]	Liu Z, Jiang J, Zhou B, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Weng H, Prabhakaran D, Mo S K, Peng H, Dudin P, Kim T, Hoesch M, Fang Z, Dai X, Shen Z, Feng D, Hussain Z and Chen Y 2014 Nat. Mater. 13 677
[28]	Neupane M, Xu S, Sankar R, Alidoust N, Bian G, Liu C, Belopolski I, Chang T R, Jeng H T, Lin H, Bansil A, Chou F and Hasan M Z 2014 Nat. Commun. 5 3786
[29]	Borisenko S, Gibson Q, Evtushinsky D, Zabolotnyy V and Cava R J 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 027603
[30]	Yi H, Wang Z, Chen C, Shi Y, Feng Y, Liang A, Xie Z, He S, He J, Peng Y, Liu X, Liu Y, Zhao L, Liu G, Dong X, Zhang J, Nakatake M, Arita M, Shimada K, Namatame H, Taniguchi M, Xu Z, Chen C, Dai X, Fang Z and Zhou X 2014 Scientific Reports 4 6106
[31]	Jeon S, Zhou B B, Gyenis A, Feldman B E, Kimchi I, Potter A C, Gibson Q D, Cava R J, Vishwanath A and Yazdani A 2014 Nat. Mater. 13 851
[32]	He L, Hong X, Dong J, Pan J, Zhang Z, Zhang J and Li S 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 246402
[33]	Novoselov K S, Geim A K, Morozov S V, Jiang D, Katsnelson M I, Grigorieva I V, Dubonos S V and Firsov A A 2005 Nature 438 197
[34]	Zhang Y, Tan Y W, Stormer H L and Kim P 2005 Nature 438 201
[35]	Hasan M Z and Kane C L 2010 Rev. Mod. Phys. 82 3045
[36]	Qi X and Zhang S 2011 Rev. Mod. Phys. 83 1057
[37]	Weyl H 1929 Z. Phys. 56 330
[38]	Weng H, Fang C, Fang Z, Bernevig B A and Dai X 2015 Phys. Rev. X 5 011029
[39]	Huang S, Xu S, Belopolski I, Lee C C, Chang G, Wang B, Alidoust N, Bian G, Neupane M, Zhang C, Jia S, Bansil A, Lin H and Hasan M Z 2015 Nat. Commun. 6 7373
[40]	Lv B, Weng H, Fu B, Wang X, Ma J, Richard P, Huang X, Zhao L, Chen G, Fang Z, Dai X, Qian T, Shi M and Ding H 2015 Phys. Rev. X 5 031013
[41]	Lv B, Xu N, Weng H, Ma J, Richard P, Huang X, Zhao L, Chen G, Matt C E, Bisti F, Strocov V N, Mesot J, Fang Z, Dai X, Qian T, Shi M and Ding H 2015 Nat. Phys. 11 724
[42]	Xu S, Alidoust N, Neupane M, Bian G, Zhang C, Sankar R, Chang G, Yuan Z, Lee C C, Huang S, Zheng H, Ma J, Sanchez D S, Wang B, Bansil A, Chou F, Shibayev P P, Lin H, Jua S and Hasan M Z 2015 Science 349 613
[43]	Yang L, Liu Z, Sun Y, Peng H, Yang H F, Zhang T, Zhou B, Zhang Y, Guo Y F, Rahn M, Prabhakaran D, Hussain Z, Mo S K, Felser C, Yan B and Chen Y 2015 Nat. Phys. 11 9
[44]	Xu D, Du Y, Wang, Z, Li Y, Niu X, Yao Q, Pavel D, Xu Z, Wan X and Feng D 2015 Chin. Phys. Lett. 32 107101
[45]	Lu L, Wang Z, Ye D, Ran L, Fu L, Joannopoulos J D and Soljacic M 2015 Science 349 622
[46]	Liu G, Wang G, Zhu Y, Zhang H, Zhang G, Wang X, Zhou Y, Zhang W, Liu H, Zhao L, Meng J, Dong X, Chen C, Xu Z and Zhou X 2008 Rev. Sci. Instru. 79 023105
[47]	Perdew J P, Burke K and Ernzerhof M 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 3865
[48]	Blaha P, Schwarz K, Madsen G, Kvasnicka D and Luitz J WIEN2K Package
[49]	Hufner J 1985 Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Principles and Applications (Berlin: Springer-Verlag) pp. 353-357

Electronic structure, Dirac points and Fermi arc surface states in three-dimensional Dirac semimetal Na₃Bi from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

Electronic structure, Dirac points and Fermi arc surface states in three-dimensional Dirac semimetal Na₃Bi from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 49

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	Mei-Ling Lu(卢美玲), Yao Wang(王瑶), He-Zhi Zhang(张鹤之), Hao-Lin Chen(陈昊林), Tian-Yuan Cui(崔天元), and Xi Luo(罗熙). Chiral symmetry protected topological nodal superconducting phase and Majorana Fermi arc[J]. 中国物理B, 2023, 32(2): 27301-027301.
[2]	Geng Li(李更), Shiyu Zhu(朱诗雨), Peng Fan(范朋), Lu Cao(曹路), and Hong-Jun Gao(高鸿钧). Exploring Majorana zero modes in iron-based superconductors[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(8): 80301-080301.
[3]	Qiu-Ling Qiu(丘秋凌), Shi-Xu Yang(杨世旭), Qian-Shu Wu(吴千树), Cheng-Lang Li(黎城朗), Qi Zhang(张琦), Jin-Wei Zhang(张津玮), Zhen-Xing Liu(刘振兴), Yuan-Tao Zhang(张源涛), and Yang Liu(刘扬). Self-screening of the polarized electric field in wurtzite gallium nitride along [0001] direction[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(4): 47103-047103.
[4]	Tongyao Wu(吴桐尧), Hongyuan Wang(王洪远), Yuanyuan Yang(杨媛媛), Shaofeng Duan(段绍峰), Chaozhi Huang(黄超之), Tianwei Tang(唐天威), Yanfeng Guo(郭艳峰), Weidong Luo(罗卫东), and Wentao Zhang(张文涛). Determination of the surface states from the ultrafast electronic states in a thermoelectric material[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(2): 27902-027902.
[5]	R F Chinnappagoudra, M D Kamatagi, N R Patil, and N S Sankeshwar. Lattice thermal conduction in cadmium arsenide[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(11): 116301-116301.
[6]	Zhen Wang(王振), Hengcan Zhao(赵恒灿), Meng Lyu(吕孟), Junsen Xiang(项俊森), Qingxin Dong(董庆新), Genfu Chen(陈根富), Shuai Zhang(张帅), and Peijie Sun(孙培杰). Unusual thermodynamics of low-energy phonons in the Dirac semimetal Cd₃As₂[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(10): 106501-106501.
[7]	Chunzhen Fan(范春珍), Peiwen Ren(任佩雯), Yuanlin Jia(贾渊琳), Shuangmei Zhu(朱双美), and Junqiao Wang(王俊俏). Highly tunable plasmon-induced transparency with Dirac semimetal metamaterials[J]. 中国物理B, 2021, 30(9): 96103-096103.
[8]	Yue-Bo Liu(柳月波), Hong-Hui Liu(刘红辉), Jun-Yu Shen(沈俊宇), Wan-Qing Yao(姚婉青), Feng-Ge Wang(王风格), Yuan Ren(任远), Min-Jie Zhang(张敏杰), Zhi-Sheng Wu(吴志盛), Yang Liu(刘扬), and Bai-Jun Zhang(张佰君). Distribution of donor states on the surfaceof AlGaN/GaN heterostructures[J]. 中国物理B, 2021, 30(12): 128102-128102.
[9]	Yue-Bo Liu(柳月波), Jun-Yu Shen(沈俊宇), Jie-Ying Xing(邢洁莹), Wan-Qing Yao(姚婉青), Hong-Hui Liu(刘红辉), Ya-Qiong Dai(戴雅琼), Long-Kun Yang(杨隆坤), Feng-Ge Wang(王风格), Yuan Ren(任远), Min-Jie Zhang(张敏杰), Zhi-Sheng Wu(吴志盛), Yang Liu(刘扬), and Bai-Jun Zhang(张佰君). Abnormal phenomenon of source-drain current of AlGaN/GaN heterostructure device under UV/visible light irradiation[J]. 中国物理B, 2021, 30(11): 117302-117302.
[10]	林镇杰, 黄健安, 涨潮, 洪礼祺, 洪逸欣. Broadband strong optical dichroism in topological Dirac semimetals with Fermi velocity anisotropy[J]. 中国物理B, 2020, 29(7): 77802-077802.
[11]	张腾, 李岗, 孙淑翠, 秦娜, 康璐, 姚淑华, 翁红明, S K Mo, 李璐, 柳仲楷, 杨乐仙, 陈宇林. Electronic structure of correlated topological insulator candidate YbB₆ studied by photoemission and quantum oscillation[J]. 中国物理B, 2020, 29(1): 17304-017304.
[12]	付彬彬, 伊长江, 王志俊, 杨萌, 吕佰晴, 高鑫, 李满, 黄耀波, 翁红明, 石友国, 钱天, 丁洪. Realization of low-energy type-Ⅱ Dirac fermions in (Ir_1-xPt_x)Te₂ superconductors[J]. 中国物理B, 2019, 28(3): 37103-037103.
[13]	杨运坤, 修发贤, 王枫秋, 王军, 施毅. Electrical transport and optical properties of Cd₃As₂ thin films[J]. 中国物理B, 2019, 28(10): 107502-107502.
[14]	王慧超, 王健. Electron transport in Dirac and Weyl semimetals[J]. 中国物理B, 2018, 27(10): 107402-107402.
[15]	洪光昊, 王成玮, 姜娟, 陈成, 崔胜涛, 杨海峰, 梁爱基, 刘帅, 吕洋洋, 周健, 陈延彬, 姚淑华, 卢明辉, 陈延峰, 王美晓, 杨乐仙, 柳仲楷, 陈宇林. Measurement of the bulk and surface bands in Dirac line-node semimetal ZrSiS[J]. 中国物理B, 2018, 27(1): 17105-017105.