Simulation of pedestrian evacuation based on an improved dynamic parameter model

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/21/5/050501

中国物理B ›› 2012, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (5): 50501-050501.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/21/5/050501

Simulation of pedestrian evacuation based on an improved dynamic parameter model

朱诺,贾斌,邵春福,岳昊

MOE Key Laboratory for Urban Transportation Complex Systems Theory and Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China

收稿日期:2011-09-29 修回日期:2012-04-27 出版日期:2012-04-01 发布日期:2012-04-01
基金资助:
Project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 71071013, 71001004, 71071012, and 71131001) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (Grant No. 2011YJS241).

Simulation of pedestrian evacuation based on an improved dynamic parameter model

Zhu Nuo(朱诺), Jia Bin(贾斌)^†, Shao Chun-Fu(邵春福), and Yue Hao(岳昊)

MOE Key Laboratory for Urban Transportation Complex Systems Theory and Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China

Received:2011-09-29 Revised:2012-04-27 Online:2012-04-01 Published:2012-04-01
Supported by:
Project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 71071013, 71001004, 71071012, and 71131001) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (Grant No. 2011YJS241).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： An improved dynamic parameter model is presented based on cellular automata. The dynamic parameters, including direction parameter, empty parameter, and cognition parameter, are formulated to simplify tactically the process of making decisions for pedestrians. The improved model reflects the judgement of pedestrians on surrounding conditions and the action of choosing or decision. According to the two-dimensional cellular automaton Moore neighborhood we establish the pedestrian moving rule, and carry out corresponding simulations of pedestrian evacuation. The improved model considers the impact of pedestrian density near exits on the evacuation process. Simulated and experimental results demonstrate that the improvement makes sense due to the fact that except for the spatial distance to exits, people also choose an exit according to the pedestrian density around exits. The impact factors α, β, and γ are introduced to describe transition payoff, and their optimal values are determined through simulation. Moreover, the effects of pedestrian distribution, pedestrian density, and the width of exits on the evacuation time are discussed. The optimal exit layout, i.e., the optimal position and width, is offered. The comparison between the simulated results obtained with the improved model and that from a previous model and experiments indicates that the improved model can reproduce experimental results well. Thus, it has great significance for further study, and important instructional meaning for pedestrian evacuation so as to reduce the number of casualties.

关键词: cellular automata, pedestrian evacuation, dynamic parameter, evacuation time

Abstract: An improved dynamic parameter model is presented based on cellular automata. The dynamic parameters, including direction parameter, empty parameter, and cognition parameter, are formulated to simplify tactically the process of making decisions for pedestrians. The improved model reflects the judgement of pedestrians on surrounding conditions and the action of choosing or decision. According to the two-dimensional cellular automaton Moore neighborhood we establish the pedestrian moving rule, and carry out corresponding simulations of pedestrian evacuation. The improved model considers the impact of pedestrian density near exits on the evacuation process. Simulated and experimental results demonstrate that the improvement makes sense due to the fact that except for the spatial distance to exits, people also choose an exit according to the pedestrian density around exits. The impact factors $\alpha$, $\beta$, and $\gamma$ are introduced to describe transition payoff, and their optimal values are determined through simulation. Moreover, the effects of pedestrian distribution, pedestrian density, and the width of exits on the evacuation time are discussed. The optimal exit layout, i.e., the optimal position and width, is offered. The comparison between the simulated results obtained with the improved model and that from a previous model and experiments indicates that the improved model can reproduce experimental results well. Thus, it has great significance for further study, and important instructional meaning for pedestrian evacuation so as to reduce the number of casualties.

Key words: cellular automata, pedestrian evacuation, dynamic parameter, evacuation time

中图分类号: (Fluctuation phenomena, random processes, noise, and Brownian motion)

05.40.-a

05.50.+q (Lattice theory and statistics)

朱诺, 贾斌, 邵春福, 岳昊. Simulation of pedestrian evacuation based on an improved dynamic parameter model[J]. 中国物理B, 2012, 21(5): 50501-050501.

Zhu Nuo(朱诺), Jia Bin(贾斌), Shao Chun-Fu(邵春福), and Yue Hao(岳昊) . Simulation of pedestrian evacuation based on an improved dynamic parameter model[J]. Chin. Phys. B, 2012, 21(5): 50501-050501.

参考文献 35

[1]	Helbing D 2001 Rev. Mod. Phys. 73 1067
[2]	Nagatani T 2002 Rep. Prog. Phys. 65 1331
[3]	Chowdhury D, Santen L and Schadschneider A 2000 Phys. Rep. 329 199
[4]	Toledo B A, Munoz V, Rogan J, Tenreiro C and Valdivia J A 2004 Phys. Rev. E 70 016107
[5]	Tajima Y, Takimoto K and Nagatani T 2001 Physica A 294 257
[6]	Weng W G, Chen T, Yuan H Y and Fan W C 2006 Phys. Rev. E 74 036102.
[7]	Isobe M, Adachi T and Nagatani T 2004 Physica A 336 638
[8]	Helbing D, Farkas I J and Vicsek T 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 1240
[9]	Burstedde C, Klauck K, Schadschneider A and Zittartz J 2001 Physica A 295 507
[10]	Helbing D and Molnar P 1995 Phys. Rev. E 51 4282
[11]	Muramatsu M, Irie T and Nagatani T 1999 Physica A 267 487
[12]	Muramatsu M and Nagatani T 2000 Physica A 275 281
[13]	Tajima Y and Nagatani T 2002 Physica A 303 239
[14]	Perez G J, Tapang G, Lim M and Saloma C 2002 Physica A 312 609
[15]	Helbing D, Farkas I and Vicsek T 2000 Nature 407 487
[16]	Yu W J, Chen R, Dong L Y and Dai S Q 2005 Phys. Rev. E 72 026112
[17]	Blue V J and Adler J L 2001 Transp. Res. Part B 35 293
[18]	Kirchner A and Schadschneider A 2002 Physica A 312 260
[19]	Fang W, Yang L and Fan W 2003 Physica A 321 633
[20]	Li J, Yang L and Zhao D 2005 Physica A 354 619
[21]	Yue H, Hao H, Chen X and Shao C 2007 Physica A 384 567
[22]	Yue H, Hao C and Yao Z 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 4523 (in Chinese)
[23]	Yue H, Shao C, Chen X and Hao H 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 6901 (in Chinese)
[24]	Yamamoto K, Kokubo S and Nishinari K 2007 Physica A 379 654
[25]	Antonini G, Bierlaire M and Weber M 2006 Transp. Res. Part B 40 667
[26]	Robin Th, Antonini G, Bierlaire M and Cruz J 2009 Transp. Res. Part B 43 36
[27]	Tajima Y and Nagatani T 2001 Physica A 292 545
[28]	Henein C M and White T 2007 Physica A 373 694
[29]	Song W, Xu X, Wang B and Ni S 2006 Physica A 363 492
[30]	Kirchner A, Nishinari K and Schadschneider A 2003 Phys. Rev. E 67 056122
[31]	Yanagisawa D and Nishinari K 2007 Phys. Rev. E 76 06117
[32]	Yanagisawa D, Kimura A, Tomoeda A, Nishi R, Suma Y, Ohtsuka K and Nishinari K 2009 Phys. Rev. E 80 036110
[33]	Huang H and Guo R 2008 Phys. Rev. E 78 021131
[34]	Liu S, Yang L, Fang T and Li J 2009 Physica A 388 1921
[35]	Yue H, Shao C, Guan H and Duan L 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 4499 (in Chinese)

Simulation of pedestrian evacuation based on an improved dynamic parameter model

Simulation of pedestrian evacuation based on an improved dynamic parameter model

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 35

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	Mao Liu(刘帽)†, Quan Yan(严泉). Guide and control of thermal conduction with isotropic thermodynamic parameters based on a rotary-concentrating device[J]. 中国物理B, 2023, 32(4): 44402-044402.
[2]	Yong-Xing Li(李永行), Xiao-Xia Yang(杨晓霞), Meng Meng(孟梦), Xin Gu(顾欣), Ling-Peng Kong(孔令鹏). Pedestrian evacuation simulation in multi-exit case:An emotion and group dual-driven method[J]. 中国物理B, 2023, 32(4): 48901-048901.
[3]	Chenkai Zhu(朱晨凯), Linna Zhao(赵琳娜), Zhuo Yang(杨卓), and Xiaofeng Gu(顾晓峰). Degradation and breakdown behaviors of SGTs under repetitive unclamped inductive switching avalanche stress[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(9): 97303-097303.
[4]	Qiang Sun(孙强), Ya-Wei Liu(刘亚伟), Yuan-Chen Xu(徐远琛), Li-Han Wang(王礼涵), Tian-Jun Li(李天钧), Shu-Xing Wang(汪书兴), Ke Yang(杨科), and Lin-Fan Zhu(朱林繁). Oscillator strength study of the excitations of valence-shell of C₂H₂ by high-resolution inelastic x-ray scattering[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(5): 53401-053401.
[5]	秦大辉, 段云飞, 程栋, 苏铭著, 邵永波. An extended cellular automata model with modified floor field for evacuation[J]. 中国物理B, 2020, 29(9): 98901-098901.
[6]	马亚萍, 张辉. Simulation study on cooperation behaviors and crowd dynamics in pedestrian evacuation[J]. 中国物理B, 2020, 29(3): 38901-038901.
[7]	庞明宝, 任泊宁. Effects of rainy weather on traffic accidents of a freeway using cellular automata model[J]. 中国物理B, 2017, 26(10): 108901-108901.
[8]	庞明宝, 叶兰杭, 裴亚男. Influence of bus stop with left-turn lines between two adjacent signalized intersections[J]. 中国物理B, 2016, 25(8): 88901-088901.
[9]	杨晓霞, 董海荣, 姚秀明, 孙绪彬. Pedestrian evacuation at the subway station under fire[J]. 中国物理B, 2016, 25(4): 48902-048902.
[10]	李永行, 贾洪飞, 李军, 周亚楠, 原志路, 李延忠. Pedestrian choice behavior analysis and simulation of vertical walking facilities in transfer station[J]. 中国物理B, 2016, 25(10): 108901-108901.
[11]	马骁, 郑伟范, 江宝山, 张继业. A new cellular automata model of traffic flow with negative exponential weighted look-ahead potential[J]. 中国物理B, 2016, 25(10): 108902-108902.
[12]	Sibel Gokce, Ozhan Kayacan. Study on bi-directional pedestrian movement using ant algorithms[J]. 中国物理B, 2016, 25(1): 10508-010508.
[13]	王晓璐, 郭玮, 郑小平. Effects of evacuation assistant's leading behavior on the evacuation efficiency: Information transmission approach[J]. 中国物理B, 2015, 24(7): 70504-070504.
[14]	丁宁, 张辉, 陈涛, Peter B. Luh. Stair evacuation simulation based on cellular automataconsidering evacuees' walk preferences[J]. 中国物理B, 2015, 24(6): 68801-068801.
[15]	郑伟范, 张继业. A cellular automata model of traffic flow with variable probability of randomization[J]. 中国物理B, 2015, 24(5): 58902-058902.